Topic 2: Theories of Contemporary_Propaganda Flashcards
Definition of Propaganda
The persuasive communication with which one disagrees and to which the persuader attributes hostile intent.
A variety of communication techniques are used in propaganda. What are the three main objectives to propaganda?
To make audiences:
- accept particular belief or opinion
- adopt a certain behaviour
- perform a particular action
Five main characteristics of propaganda
- ideology
- usage of mass media
- one sided revealment
- emotional delivery
- uninformed belief
How is propaganda ideological?
- promotes one-way belief
- no room of discussion or opinion sharing
Why is the propaganda related to the usage of mass media?
- Employs various mass media to spread the belief system to larger masses
In short: able to reach mass audiences
Why is propaganda one sided revealment?
- concealment to achieve propaganda goal
- information is hidden if it is hinders audiences
How is propaganda related to uniform belief?
- it aims as mass uniformity of belief and behaviour
Why is the propaganda related to the usage of emotional delivery?
- circumvents the reasoning process
The classification of propaganda
- white propaganda
- gray propaganda
- black propaganda
What is white propaganda?
- Usage of accurate information
What is white propaganda message aim?
- aims to influence audiences as a credible speaker
- helpful for future influence
What is gray propaganda?
- Accuracy of information may or may not be credible
- source of information remains undisclosed
What is black propaganda?
- False information
|»_space; Spread lies, fabrications and deceptions
Types of propaganda
- Hypnotic propaganda
- Semantic propaganda
- Cognitive propaganda
What is hypnotic propaganda?
Controlling audience without the usage of highly emotional terms or words
Method of hypnotic propaganda
- sharing message without highly emotional words
- Audiences add and make their own interpretation
What is semantic propaganda?
“Generalizations in order to make the audience believe”
What is cognitive propaganda?
Reliant and usage of language to cause high emotional reactions
List of propaganda techniques
- Bandwagon
- Glittering Generalities
- Appeal to Authority
- Making False Connections
What is appeal to authority?
using authoritative figures to make reasoning to action
what is bandwagon?
Persuading target audience to take a course of action according to the trend
Method of bandwagon
- Highlighting numbers
- incorporating customer reviews into key pages
- show real time customer activity
What is glittering generalities?
usage of simple, clever slogans
appeals to people’s emotions with highly valued concepts and beliefs that carry conviction
without supporting information or reason
Methods of “making false connections”
- Testimonials
- Transfer
How is testimonials used in propaganda
Usage of
a prominent individual
promotes or endorses a product, policy or a political candidate
How is transfer used in propaganda
the usage of symbols, quote or images of famous people to convey a message not connected to them
