Topic 2: Theories of Contemporary_Propaganda

Question 1

Definition of Propaganda

Answer 1

The persuasive communication with which one disagrees and to which the persuader attributes hostile intent.

Question 2

A variety of communication techniques are used in propaganda. What are the three main objectives to propaganda?

Answer 2

To make audiences:

• accept particular belief or opinion
• adopt a certain behaviour
• perform a particular action

Question 3

Five main characteristics of propaganda

Answer 3

• ideology
• usage of mass media
• one sided revealment
• emotional delivery
• uninformed belief

Question 4

How is propaganda ideological?

Answer 4

• promotes one-way belief

- no room of discussion or opinion sharing

Question 5

Why is the propaganda related to the usage of mass media?

Answer 5

• Employs various mass media to spread the belief system to larger masses

In short: able to reach mass audiences

Question 6

Why is propaganda one sided revealment?

Answer 6

• concealment to achieve propaganda goal

- information is hidden if it is hinders audiences

Question 7

How is propaganda related to uniform belief?

Answer 7

• it aims as mass uniformity of belief and behaviour

Question 8

Why is the propaganda related to the usage of emotional delivery?

Answer 8

• circumvents the reasoning process

Question 9

The classification of propaganda

Answer 9

• white propaganda
• gray propaganda
• black propaganda

Question 10

What is white propaganda?

Answer 10

• Usage of accurate information

Question 11

What is white propaganda message aim?

Answer 11

• aims to influence audiences as a credible speaker

- helpful for future influence

Question 12

What is gray propaganda?

Answer 12

• Accuracy of information may or may not be credible

- source of information remains undisclosed

Question 13

What is black propaganda?

Answer 13

• False information

|&raquo_space; Spread lies, fabrications and deceptions

Question 14

Types of propaganda

Answer 14

• Hypnotic propaganda
• Semantic propaganda
• Cognitive propaganda

Question 15

What is hypnotic propaganda?

Answer 15

Controlling audience without the usage of highly emotional terms or words

Question 16

Method of hypnotic propaganda

Answer 16

• sharing message without highly emotional words

- Audiences add and make their own interpretation

Question 17

What is semantic propaganda?

Answer 17

“Generalizations in order to make the audience believe”

Question 18

What is cognitive propaganda?

Answer 18

Reliant and usage of language to cause high emotional reactions

Question 19

List of propaganda techniques

Answer 19

• Bandwagon
• Glittering Generalities
• Appeal to Authority
• Making False Connections

Question 20

What is appeal to authority?

Answer 20

using authoritative figures to make reasoning to action

Question 21

what is bandwagon?

Answer 21

Persuading target audience to take a course of action according to the trend

Question 22

Method of bandwagon

Answer 22

• Highlighting numbers
• incorporating customer reviews into key pages
• show real time customer activity

Question 23

What is glittering generalities?

Answer 23

usage of simple, clever slogans

appeals to people’s emotions with highly valued concepts and beliefs that carry conviction

without supporting information or reason

Question 24

Methods of “making false connections”

Answer 24

• Testimonials

- Transfer

Question 25

How is testimonials used in propaganda

Answer 25

Usage of
a prominent individual

promotes or endorses a product, policy or a political candidate

Question 26

How is transfer used in propaganda

Answer 26

the usage of symbols, quote or images of famous people to convey a message not connected to them