Topic 2 - The Newborn Baby & Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood Flashcards
How do babies communicate for the first time?
Smiling
Laughing
Crying
Crying
What is vital for growth of the central nervous system.
REM
Warm caregiving
Good Quality Milk
REM
What is least developed at birth
touch, taste, smell, hearing or vision
vision
Perceptual development refers to the development of
The five senses
Brain Development
Physical Growth
The five senses
What are the most severe forms of malnutrition
cephalocaudal and proximodistal
marasmus and kwashiorkor
marasmus and kwashiorkor
…….can undermine healthy physical development causing a failure to thrive
Poor Nutrition
Between the ages of …………A child’s brain undergoes an amazing period of development producing more than a million neural connections each second.
Birth to 3 years
Birth to 6 months
Birth to 6 years
Birth to 3 years
……………is a process that covers axons in a fatty substance. ……………..of nerve cells allows for faster transfer of electrical signals, meaning a baby’s brain can receive and transmit messages faster, and deal with multiple signals more effectively. ……………..is incomplete in many parts of the brain after birth, but rapidly develops during the first year of childhood. This explains why older children have an easier time processing and reacting to input than young infants, and can determine what kind of activities are age appropriate activities for infants.
Myelination
The ……….. is knows for its role in motor control and is located located at the back of the brain. It’s a small portion of your brain sitting just above and behind the brainstem,
Neurons
Cerebellum
Hippocampus
Cerebellum
The………… , includes two cerebral hemispheres (sometimes referred to as the “right brain” and “left brain”) connected by the corpus collsum. Each hemisphere is divided into four lobes: the frontal lobe, the parietal lobe, the occipital lobe, and the temporal lobe.
Cerebellum
Hippocampus
cerebral cortex
cerebral cortex
The……………. the very forward part of the frontal lobe of the cerebral cortex. It is located in front of areas controlling body movement, is responsible for complex thought - in particular, consciousness and various “executive” processes.
Prefrontal cortex
Hippocampus
cerebral cortex
prefrontal cortex
The ………… is found underneath the cerebral cortex and processes information from long- and short-term memory and is the part of the brain that controls spatial reasoning
Hippocampus
The brain development of children from …………years is a complex process that we are constantly learning more about. Brain development in early childhood is extremely important as it sets the stage for the rest of the child’s life.
0-3 years
0-12 years
0-6 years
0-6 years
As neurons form connections, stimulation ________
results in fewer and fewer synapses
becomes vital to their survival
.
causes synaptic pruning
becomes unnecessary
becomes vital to their survival
Experience-dependent brain growth ________
depends on young children’s ordinary explorations of and interactions with their environment
refers to the young brain’s rapidly developing organization
.
provides the foundation for experience-expectant brain growth
occurs throughout our lives
occurs throughout our lives
Trying to push infants beyond their current readiness to handle stimulation
can undermine the development of important motor skills
can cause depression and insecurity in early childhood.
will delay social development.
enhances early motor development.
can undermine the development of important motor skills
