Topic 2: Structures and Functions in Living Organisms - Cell Structure

Question 1

Cell differentiation

Answer 1

The process by which a cell becomes specialised to its function

Question 2

Cell membrane

Answer 2

A partially permeable barrier that surrounds the cell

Question 3

Cell wall

Answer 3

An outer, structural layer that surrounds some cells. In plant cells, it is made of cellulose, but in fungi, it is made of chitin.

Question 4

Chloroplast

Answer 4

An organelle which is the site of photosynthesis

Question 5

Cytoplasm

Answer 5

A jelly-like substance that contains all the organelles of the cell, dissolved nutrients and salts

Question 6

Mitochondria

Answer 6

An organelle which is the site of respiration

Question 7

Nucleus

Answer 7

An organelle found in most eukaryotic cells that contains the genetic material of the cell and controls the activities of the cell

Question 8

Ribosomes

Answer 8

Organelles that are the site of protein synthesis

Question 9

Stem cells

Answer 9

An undifferentiated cell that can divide to produce many specialised cells of the same type

Question 10

Vacuole

Answer 10

An organelle found in plant cells that stores cell sap and supports the cell