Topic 2 - States of Matter and Mixtures (pmt)

Question 1

Describe the arrangement and movement of particles in solids

Answer 1

• Tightly packed together in a regular arrangement
• Vibrate in fixed positions

Question 2

Describe the arrangement and movement of particles in liquids

Answer 2

• Close together but able to move past each other.
• Vibrate and move around each other

Question 3

Describe the arrangement and movement of particles in gases

Answer 3

• Well separated with no regular arrangement
• Vibrate and move freely at high speeds

Question 4

Compare the relative energies of particles in solids, liquids and gases

Answer 4

Particles in a solid have the least amount of energy and particles in a gas have the most energy

Question 5

What does ‘interconversion of state’ mean?

Answer 5

When matter changes from one state to another due to changes in temperature or pressure

Question 6

What are names for the state changes for solid and liquid

Answer 6

• Solid to Liquid is Melting
• Liquid to Solid is Freezing

Question 7

What are the names for the state changes for liquid and gas

Answer 7

• Liquid to gas is evaporation
• Gas to liquid is condensation

Question 8

Forces between particles in solids, liquids and gases

Answer 8

Solids - strong forces of attraction between particles which keeps them in their fixed positions

Liquids - weaker attractive forces than in solids

Gases - Weakest intermolecular forces so particles are in random movement

Question 9

How does a physical change differ from a chemical change

Answer 9

• A physical change involves changes in the forces between particles. The particles themselves remain the same and the chemical properties remain the same.
• A chemical change is different as it affects the chemical properties of the substance

Question 10

How easy to reverse are physical changes

Answer 10

Relatively easy to reverse since no new product is formed during the changes of state.

Question 11

Solid to gas

Answer 11

Sublimation