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Year 9 Chemistry > Topic 2 Reactions, NEED FOR YEAR 10 > Flashcards

Topic 2 Reactions, NEED FOR YEAR 10 Flashcards

1
Q

State 3 things oxygen is used for

A
  • welding torches
  • rocket fuel
  • breathing apparatus in hospitals
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2
Q

Chemical tests for combustion products:

Water:

Carbon dioxide

A

Water- presence of water turns anhydrous copper sulfate from white to blue

Carbon dioxide- turns limewater milky

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3
Q

What is the equation for the preparation of oxygen?

A

Hydrogen peroxide + manganese dioxide -> water + oxygen

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4
Q

What is the test for oxygen?

A

We proved oxygen had been produced by using a glowing splint which relights.

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5
Q

What are the results (observations) of the oxygen test?

A

Bubbles of gas can be seen and the test tube empties.

When the glowing splint is put into the mouth of the test tube it relights

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6
Q

What is the conclusion of the oxygen test?

A

Oxygen is prepared by the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide

To speed this reaction up we used manganese dioxide. Manganese dioxide is a catalyst.

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7
Q

What is the definition of a catalyst?

A

A catalyst is a chemical that speeds up a reaction without being used up itself.

.

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8
Q

Fill in the blanks:

Oxygen is a….. And……. Gas. It makes up….of the mixture called air.

A

1-colourless
2-odourless
3-21%

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9
Q

What is hydrogen used for?

A

Making margarine
Clean fuel
Rocket fuel

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10
Q

List 2 properties of hydrogen

A

Hydrogen is a colorless and odourless gas.

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11
Q

What is the equation for the preparation of hydrogen?

A

Magnesium + Hydrochloric Acid → Magnesium Chloride + Hydrogen

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12
Q

What is the test for hydrogen?

A

The test for hydrogen is using a lighted splint, you will hear a squeaky pop.

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13
Q

What are the results (observations) when testing for hydrogen?

A

Heat given out
Bubbles of gas produced
SQUEAKY POP with a lighted splint

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14
Q

What is the conclusion when testing for hydrogen?

A

Hydrogen can be prepared by an acid with a metal.

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15
Q

How many people could the Hindenburg carry?

A

72

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16
Q

What year did the Hindenburg crash?

A

1937

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17
Q

What voyage did the Hindenburg disaster strike on?

A

It’s 63rd voyage

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18
Q

What gas was the Hindenburg filled with?

A

The hydrogen

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19
Q

List 2 properties of carbon dioxide

A

Carbondioxide is a colourless and odourless gas.

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20
Q

List some uses of carbon dioxide

A

Fizzy drinks
Fire extinguisher
Dry Ice

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21
Q

What is the equation for the carbon dioxide test?

A

Calcium carbonate + Hydrochloric acid → Calcium chloride + Water + Carbon Dioxide

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22
Q

What are the results (observations) for the carbon dioxide test?

A

Bubbles of gas
Metal carbonate disappears to give a clear solution
Lime water turns milky

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23
Q

Fill in the blanks:

Carbon dioxide can be prepared easily by reacting a….. carbonate with…..

A

Metal

Acid

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24
Q

What is the test and the result for:
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Carbon dioxide

A

Oxygen:
Test-glowing splint
Result-relights

Hydrogen:
Test-lighted splint
Result-squeaky pop

Carbon dioxide:
Test-bubble into limewater
Result-limewater turns milky

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25
Q

What do endothermic reactions do?

A

Take in heat

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26
Q

What is an example of an endothermic reaction?

A

An example of an endothermic reaction is sherbet dissolving on your tongue

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27
Q

What is an exothermic reaction?

A

It’s gives out heat

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28
Q

What is an example of an exothermic reaction?

A

An example of an exothermic reaction is burning a piece of wood

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29
Q

What is the definition of thermal decomposition?

A

Thermal decomposition is the BREAKING DOWN of a chemical using HEAT energy.

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30
Q

What is the equation of the thermal decomposition of copper carbonate?

A 
Heat
Copper carbonate (green) ---> copper oxide (black) + carbon dioxide

This reaction is endothermic

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31
Q

When does an oxidation reaction occur?

A

When a chemical reacts with oxygen

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32
Q

When does reduction occur?

A

Occurs when a substance loses oxygen

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33
Q

What is a reducing agent

A

a substance which reduces another substance

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34
Q

What is a redox reaction?

A

A reaction in which REDUCTION AND OXIDATION takes place together.

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35
Q

What is the thermite reaction equation?

A

iron(III) oxide + aluminium → aluminium oxide + iron

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36
Q

What percent of the air is nitrogen

A

78%

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37
Q

What percent of the air is argon

A

0.9%

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38
Q

What percent of the air is Co2

A

0.037%

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39
Q

Give the word equation for respiration

A

Sugar+oxygen->carbon dioxide + water (+energy)

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40
Q

Name the 2 products of the reaction when candle wax combusts

A

Water

Carbon dioxide

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41
Q

What is candle wax made up of

A

Of substances containing carbon and hydrogen

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42
Q

What are the chemicals required in the preparation of oxygen

A

Hydrogen peroxide and manganese dioxide

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43
Q

Give 2 examples of industrial catalysts

A

Iron and platnium

44
Q

What is an enzyme

A

Enzymes are soluble protein molecules that can speed up chemical reactions in cells

45
Q

Name some of the chemical reactions that enzymes are involved in

A

Respiration, photosynthesis and making new proteins

46
Q

What are the chemicals required in the preparation of hydrogen

A

Hydrochloric acid and magnesium

47
Q

What are the chemicals required in the preparation of carbon dioxide

A

Calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid

48
Q

What is the risk assessment in the prep of oxygen, hydrogen and carbon dioxide

A

Wear eye protection

49
Q

Is hydrogen less dense than air

A

Yes

50
Q

Is oxygen less dense than air

A

No

51
Q

Is carbon dioxide less dense than air

A

No

52
Q

Do you use and upward delivery with hydrogen

A

Yes

53
Q

Do you use an upward delivery with oxygen

A

No

54
Q

Do you use an upward delivery with carbon dioxide

A

No

55
Q

Is hydrogen denser than air

A

No

56
Q

Is oxygen denser than air

A

Slightly

57
Q

Is carbon dioxide denser than air

A

Yes

58
Q

Do you use a downward delivery with hydrogen

A

No

59
Q

Do you use a downward delivery with oxygen

A

Yes

60
Q

Do you use a downward delivery with carbon dioxide

A

Yes

61
Q

What is hydrogens solubility in water

A

Very low

62
Q

What is oxygens solubility in water

A

Low

63
Q

What is carbon dioxides solubility in water

A

Low

64
Q

Hydrogen overwater?

A

Yes

65
Q

Oxygen overwater?

A

Yes

66
Q

Carbon dioxide overwater?

A

Yes

67
Q

What is the definition of oxidation

A

Addition of oxygen

68
Q

What is the definition of reduction

A

Removal of oxygen

69
Q

What is the definition of a redox reaction

A

Reduction and oxidation both taking place in reaction

70
Q

What is being reduced and what is being oxidised in this equation:
Calcium+magnesium oxide->calcium oxide+magnesium

A

Calcium -> calcium oxide is oxidised

Magnesium oxide->magnesium is reduced

71
Q

What colour is copper oxide

A

Black powder

72
Q

What colour is carbon

A

Black powder

73
Q

Rusting equation

A

Iron +oxygen + water –> hydrated iron oxide

74
Q

Burning a fuel equation

A

Fuel + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water (+energy)

75
Q 
Composition of air:
What percentage of air is;
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Argon
Carbon dioxide
A

Oxygen - 21%
Nitrogen - 78%
Argon - 0.9%
Carbon dioxide - 0.037%

76
Q

Give 4 physical properties of oxygen

A

Colourless, odourless gas, not very soluble on water, same density as air

77
Q

Give the word equation for respiration

A

Sugar + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water (+energy)

78
Q

Describe a chemical test for water

A

Use the chemical anhydrous copper sulfate which changes colour from white to blue in presence of water

79
Q

What chemicals are required in the preparation of oxygen

A

Hydrogen peroxide
Catalyst manganese dioxide

80
Q

Give three examples of industrial catalysts.

A

Vanadium (V) oxide
Platinum
Iron

81
Q

What is an enzyme

A

Enzymes are soluble protein molecules that can speed up chemical reactions in cells

82
Q

Name some of the chemical reactions that enzymes are involved in.

A

DNA replication, protein synthesis, digestion

83
Q

What is the special ingredient in ‘bio’ or ‘biological’ powders?

A

Biological enzyme

84
Q

If there is a stain on someones shirt and the stain is removed by a 40° wash with ace bio powder, why was the stain not removed at a 70° and cold wash with ace bio powder

A

Not used at optimum temperature

85
Q

What chemicals are required in the preparation of hydrogen

A

Magnesium
Hydrochloric acid

86
Q

What gas are modern airships filled with

A

The gas was helium

87
Q

Which nation were the first masters of airship technology and what were they used for?

A

Germany and the airships were used as bombers in the First World War

88
Q

What were airships developed for after 1918

A

They were designed for passenger flights

89
Q

What was Germany’s biggest airship called

A

The Hindenburg

90
Q

What happened to the airship in 1937

A

The airship exploded and crashed

91
Q

What was the chemistry of the Hindenburg disaster

A

Hydrogen reacted with oxygen

92
Q

How many people died due to the Hindenburg disaster

A

36

93
Q

What does the NASA scientist think caused the Hindenburg explosion

A

The airship was charged with static electricity and the flammable paint caught fire

94
Q

What chemicals are required in the preparation of carbon dioxide

A

Hydrochloride acid and marble chips

95
Q

Give two physical properties of carbon dioxide

A

Gas

Colourless / odourless

96
Q

If in an experiment the initial temperature of a substance is 20° and the final temperature is 26°, what type of reaction has taken place

A

Exothermic

97
Q

If in an experiment the initial temperature of a substance is 22° and the final temperature is 18°, what type of reaction has taken place

A

Endothermic

98
Q

If in an experiment the initial temperature of a substance is 21° and the final temperature is 31°, what type of reaction has taken place

A

Exothermic

99
Q

If in an experiment the initial temperature of a substance is 22° and the final temperature is 35°, what type of reaction has taken place

A

Exothermic

100
Q

If in an experiment the initial temperature of a substance is 20° and the final temperature is 18°, what type of reaction has taken place

A

Endothermic

101
Q

In an experiment we find out what happens when zinc is added to copper sulphate solution, give three pieces of evidence that tell you a chemical reaction is taking place. REMEMBER THE TEMPERATURE BEFORE WAS 18° AND THE TEMPERTAURE AFTER IS 25°

A

Temperature increases
Powder disappears and brown sludge appears
Liquid changes colour

102
Q 
Which of the following terms could be used to describe the reaction when zinc is added to copper sulphate solution, explain your answer:
Exothermic
Oxidation
Decomposition 
Endothermic
A

Exothermic as the temperature increases during the reaction

103
Q

What is being reduced and what is being oxidised in this equation:
Zinc oxide + hydrogen —-> zinc + water

A

Zinc oxide is being reduced

And the hydrogen is oxidised

104
Q

What is being reduced and what is being oxidised in this equation:
Aluminium oxide + potassium —> aluminium + potassium oxide

A

Aluminium is being reduced

Potassium is being oxidised

105
Q

Fill in the gaps:
In the Thermite reaction, the two reactants are…….. and………. The Thermite reaction is a very………… reaction as it gives out lots of heat. The reactant…………… is reduced to molten iron. This reaction was used to…….train tracks together.

A 
Iron oxide 
Aluminium
Exothermic
Iron oxide
Weld
106
Q

After you have completed the practical heating a mixture of copper oxide and carbon answer the following questions:
A) What colour is copper oxide
B) what colour is carbon
C) what do you see when you heat the mixture
D) what do the contents of the boiling tube look like after heating
E) write an equation for the reaction
F) why is this reaction a redox reaction

A

A) black powder

B)black powder

C) mixture glows orange and has given off

D) coppery coloured, solid produced

E) copper oxide + carbon –> copper + carbon dioxide

F) The copper oxide is reduced to copper and the carbon is oxidised to carbon dioxide

Year 9 Chemistry (6 decks)

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