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MGT2320 > Topic 2: Process Strategy > Flashcards

Topic 2: Process Strategy Flashcards

1
Q

Process strategy

A

Objective is to build a production process that meets customer requirements and product specifications within cost and other managerial constraints’

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2
Q

What are the four process strategies

A
  1. Process Focus
  2. Repetitive Focus
  3. Product Focus
  4. Mass Customization
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3
Q

Process Focus

A
  • facilities organized around certain processes or activities
  • general purpose equipment and skilled personnel
  • high degree of product flexibility
  • high costs and low equipment utilization
  • product flows may vary considerably making planning and scheduling a challenge
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4
Q

Repetitive Focus

A
  • Faciliities often organized in assembly lines
  • characterized by modules with parts and assemblies made previously
  • modules may be combined for many output options
  • less flexibility than process-focused facilities but more efficient.
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5
Q

Product Focus

A

Facilities are organized by product

  • high volume but low variety of products
  • long, continuous production runs enable efficient processes
  • typically high fixed cost but low variable cost
  • generally less skilled labor
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6
Q

Mass Customization

A
  • rapid, low-cost production of goods and service to satisfy increasingly unquiet customer desires
  • combines the flexibility of a process focus with the efficiency of a product focus.
  • Imaginative and fast product design
  • Rapid process design
  • Tightly controlled inventory management
  • Tight schedules
  • Responsive supply chain partners
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7
Q

Why do companies usually not change processes?

A
  • it is difficult and expensive
  • may mean starting over
  • process strategy determine transformation strategy for an extended period
  • it’s important to get the right strategy for you business.
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8
Q

Flow charts

A

Shows the movement of materials

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9
Q

Time -function mapping

A

Shows flows and time frame

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10
Q

Value stream mapping

A

Shows flows and time and value added beyond the immediate organization

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11
Q

Process charts

A

Uses symbols to show key activities

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12
Q

Service blueprinting

A

Focuses on customer/provider interaction

  • defines three levels of interaction
  • each level has different management issues
  • identifies protential failure points.
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13
Q

What does machine technology do?

A
  • increased precision
  • increased productivity
  • increased flexibility
  • improved environmental impact
  • reduced changeover time
  • decreased size
  • reduced power requirements
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14
Q

Automatic Identification Systems (AISs)

A

-improved data acquisition
-reduced data entry errors
- increased speed
- increase scope of process automation
(Example- bar codes)

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15
Q

When making a process what questions do you want to ask? Process Analysis and Design

A

Is the process designed to achieve a competitive advantage?
Does the process eliminate steps that do not add value?
Does the process maximize customer value?
Will the process win orders?

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16
Q

Production Technology

A 
Machine technology
Automatic identification systems (AISs) and RFID
Process control
Vision system
Robots
Automated storage and retrieval systems (ASRSs)
Automated guided vehicles (AGVs)
Flexible manufacturing systems (FMSs)
Computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM)
17
Q

Production Technology: Machine technology

A 
Increased precision
Increased productivity
Increased flexibility
Improved environmental impact 
Reduced changeover time
Decreased size
Reduced power requirements
18
Q

Production Technology:Automatic identification systems (AISs) and RFID

A 
Improved data acquisition
Reduced data entry errors
Increased speed
Increased scope of process automation
Example – Bar codes and RFID
19
Q

Production Technology:Process control

A

Real-time monitoring and control of processes
Sensors collect data
Devices read data on periodic basis
Measurements translated into digital signals then sent to a computer
Computer programs analyze the data
Resulting output may take numerous forms

20
Q

Production Technology: Vision system

A 
Particular aid to inspection
Consistently accurate
Never bored
Modest cost
Superior to individuals performing the same tasks
21
Q

Production Technology: Robots

A

Perform monotonous or dangerous tasks
Perform tasks requiring significant strength or endurance
Generally enhanced consistency and accuracy

22
Q

Production Technology: Automated guided vehicles (AGVs)

A

Electronically guided and controlled carts

Used for movement of products and/or individuals

23
Q

Production Technology: Flexible manufacturing systems (FMSs)

A

Computer controls both the workstation and the material handling equipment
Enhance flexibility and reduced waste
Can economically produce low volume at high quality
Reduced changeover time and increased utilization
Stringent communication requirement between components

24
Q

Production Technology: Computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM)

A

Extension of flexible manufacturing systems
Backwards to engineering and inventory control
Forward into warehousing and shipping
Can also include financial and customer service areas
Reducing the distinction between low-volume/high-variety, and high-volume/low-variety production

25
Q

Sustainability

A

Sustainability in production processes

  1. Resources
  2. Recycle
  3. Regulations
  4. Reputation
26
Q

Sustainability: Resources

A

Operations is primary user

Reducing use is win-win

27
Q

sustainability: Recycle

A

Burn, bury, or reuse waste

Recycling begins at design

28
Q

Sustainability : Regulations

A

Laws affect transportation, waste, and noise

Increasing regulatory pressure

29
Q

Sustainability :Reputation

A

Leadership may be rewarded

Bad reputation can have negative consequences

30
Q

Service Blueprinting: Level One

A

Customer is in control ( customer arrives at service, customer departs, customer pays bill

31
Q

Service Blueprinting: Level Two

A

customer may interact with service provider ( warm greeting, notify customer of alternative, notify customer product is ready)

32
Q

Service Blueprinting: Level three

A

service is removed from the customer’s control and interaction ( person required work, prepare invoice)

MGT2320 (8 decks)

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