Topic 2 - Organisation - Enzymes and Digestion Flashcards
1
Q
Where is amylase made?
A
- Salivary glands
- Pancreas
- Small intestine
2
Q
What does amylase do?
A
- Amylase is a carbohydrase enzyme.
- It breaks down starch into maltose and glucose.
3
Q
Where are protease enzymes made?
A
- The stomach (it’s called pepsin there)
- The pancreas
- The small intestine
4
Q
What do protease enzymes do?
A
- Break down proteins into amino acids
5
Q
Where are lipase enzymes made?
A
- The pancreas
- The small intestine
6
Q
What do lipase enzymes do?
A
- Break down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol
7
Q
Where is bile made and stored?
A
- Biled is produced in the liver
- Bile is stored in the gall bladder before it is released into the small intestine.
8
Q
What does bile do?
A
- Bile emulsifies fats. It breaks down large fat droplets into tiny droplets to increase the surface area that lipase enzymes can work on. This makes digestion faster.
- The HCL in the stomach makes the pH too acidic for enzymes in the small intestine to work properly. Bile is alkaline - it neutralises the acid and makes conditions alkaline. The enzymes in the small intestine work best in these conditions.
9
Q
What is the stomachs role in digestion?
A
- It pummels the food with its muscular walls.
- It produces hydrochloric acid to:
- Kill bacteria
- Give the right pH for the protease enzymes to work
10
Q
What is the livers role in digestion?
A
- Produces bile.
- Bile neutralises stomach acid and emulsifies fat
11
Q
What is the pancreas’s role in digestion?
A
- Produces protease enzymes, amylase and lipase enzymes.
- It releases t hese into the small intestine.
12
Q
What is the large intestines role in digestion?
A
- It is where excess water is absorbed from the food.
13
Q
What isa the small intestines role in digestion?
A
- Produces protease, amylase and lipasee enzymes to aid digestion.
- This is also where the digested food is absorbed out of the digestive system into the bloodstream.
