Topic 2 - Organisation (animals) (2)

Question 1

Where are the lungs located in the body?

Answer 1

In the thorax (inside the rib cage)

Question 2

What is the thorax?

Answer 2

The top part of the body

Question 3

Why do you need to get oxygen into your bloodstream?

Answer 3

to supply your cells with oxygen for respiration

Question 4

Name something you need to get rid of from your blood?

Answer 4

carbon dioxide (a waste product of aerobic respiration), you breathe it out of your lungs

Question 5

How is the thorax separated from the lower part of the body?

Answer 5

by the diaphragm

Question 6

How are the lungs protected?

Answer 6

They are surrounded by the ribcage
they are also surrounded by the pleural membranes

Question 7

What is the order of componentes that the air that you breathe travels through?

Answer 7

• through the trachea
• splits into the two bronchi (one going into each lung)
• split into progressively smaller tubes called bronchioles
• end at small bags called alveoli

Question 8

What is the singular of bronchi?

Answer 8

bronchus

Question 9

What component is there at the end of the bronchioles?

Answer 9

alveoli

Question 10

What happens at the alveoli?

Answer 10

gas exchange

Question 11

What are the air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange takes place call?

Answer 11

alveoli

Question 12

What are the alveoli surrounded by?

Answer 12

a network of blood capillaries (gas exchange takes place between these two components)

Question 13

What happens in gas exchange between the alveoli and blood capillaries?

Answer 13

• blood passing next to the alveoli has just returned to the lungs fro the rest of the body (contains lots od carbon dioxide but very little oxygen
• Oxygen diffuses out of the alveolus (high concentration) into the blood (low cencentration)
• Carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood (high concentration) into the alveolus (low concentration) to be breathed out

Question 14

What happens in gas exchange between the blood capillaries and body cells?

Answer 14

• When blood reaches the body cells, oxygen is released from the red blood cells (where there’s a high concentration) and difffuses into the body cells (where the concentration is low)
• At the same time, carbon dioxide diffuses out of the body cells (where there’s a high concentration) into the blood (where there’s a low concentration). It’s then carried back to the lungs.