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Biology > Topic 2-Organisation > Flashcards

Topic 2-Organisation Flashcards

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1
Q

How do you calculate the breathing rate?

A

Number of breathes/Number of minutes

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2
Q

What does the tongue do?

A

Rolls food to the back of your mouth

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3
Q

What does the Oesophagus do?

A

Contains cartilage - moves food to stomach

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4
Q

What does the stomach do?

A

Contains hydrochloric acid which churns up and breaks down some food

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5
Q

what does the large intestine do?

A

absorbs water vitamins and minerals

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6
Q

what does the rectum do?

A

Stores the faeces

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7
Q

What does the small intestine do?

A

Small digested molecules are absorbed

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8
Q

What does the liver do?

A

Gets all of the products of digestion and distributes it ( a massive store of glucose)
it makes bile which emulsifies fats into globules increasing the surface are for lipase to break the fats/lipids down

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9
Q

what does the pancreas do?

A

Releases digestive juices containing enzymes to break down food

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10
Q

what do salivary glands do ?

A

Moistens food and contains enzymes which break down starch

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11
Q

What does bile do?

A

Bile emulsifies fat into globules to increase the surface are that the enzymes can break down the fats or lipids

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12
Q

what is muscle tissues function?

A

it contract to cause movement

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13
Q

where is bile produced?

A

in the liver

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14
Q

where is bile stored?

A

in the gall bladder

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15
Q

where are most of the enzymes produced?

A

In the pancreas

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16
Q

what is the function of glandular tissue?

A

releases hormones and enzymes

17
Q

what is the function of epithelial tissue?

A

Covers many parts of the body-line outer surface of organs

18
Q

What are the two main roles of the digestive system

A

Digestion - process of breaking down large food molecules into smaller molecules

Absorption - process of absorbing these small food molecules into the body

19
Q

what is the ….. for amylase
a) substrate
b)End Product
c) where is it produced

A

a)starch
b)maltose
c)salivary glands, pancreas, small intestine

20
Q

what is the ….. for protease
a) substrate
b) End Product
c) where is it produced

A

a)protein
b)amino acids
c)pancreas, small intestine, stomach

21
Q

what is the ….. for lipase
a) substrate
b)End Product
c) where is it produced

A

a) fats + lipids
b)glycerol and 3 fatty acids
c)pancreas, small intestine

22
Q

what is the ….. for maltase
a) substrate
b) End Product
c) where is it produced

A

a) maltose
b)glucose
c)small intestine

23
Q

where is bile stored?

A

in the gall bladder

24
Q

what is protein?

A

a long chain of amino acids

25
Q

what is a polypeptide chain?

A

a short chain of amino acids

26
Q

food test for
a) Glucose
b)Starch
c) Protein
d) Fats + Lipids

A

a)Benedict’s solution and heat up- turns red
b)Iodine-put directly on food- Turns bluey black
c)Biuret Solution- A biuret solution directly on food or in a solution- turns purple
d)Ethanol- add into oil-cloudy milky solution OR put fat/lipid on filter paper-goes transparent

27
Q

what are the factors that affect an enzyme?

A

•PH
•Substrate concentration
•enzyme concentration
•temperature
•surface area

28
Q

what is meant by the term optimum?

A

The perfect conditions of temperature and PH for the enzyme to work most effectively

29
Q

What is the optimum temperature for human enzymes?

A

37.5℃

30
Q

What is the optimum PH for salivary amylase?

A

6.5

31
Q

What is the optimum PH for phosphatose?

A

9

32
Q

What is the optimum PH for Pepsin?

A

1.5

33
Q

Enzyme PH level for lipase

A

slightly alkaline

34
Q

Enzyme PH level for protease

A

Low acidic(stomach-pepsin) and slightly alkaline(salivary glands)

35
Q

Enzyme PH level for amylase

A

slightly alkaline

36
Q

what is an organ

A

Organs are groups of distinct tissues that work together to perform a specific function.

37
Q

Breathing rate(breaths per minute)

A

Number of breaths/time in minutes

38
Q

What happens if someone has gall stones have to be removed

A

Remova of gall bladder means less bile, less bile means less emulsification of fats so lipase cant break fat down as much so this xcess fat would be excreted. So person would need to reduce and regulate

39
Q

How the heart works(The movement of blood between the ventricles and atria)

A

The walls of the atria contract, pushing blood into the relaxed ventricles.
The walls of the ventricles contract, pushing blood out of the heart. At the same time, more blood will enter the now-relaxed atria.
The cycle repeats.

Biology (10 decks)

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