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AP Chemistry > Topic 2- Lecture 7 > Flashcards

Topic 2- Lecture 7 Flashcards

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1
Q

Created when a metallic cation forms an electrostatic bond with a nonmetal anion

A

Ionic compound

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2
Q

These elements lose electrons from their highest s sub level first

A

D block cations

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3
Q

Metals have a ___________ charge

A

Positive

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4
Q

Bond that transfers electrons

A

Ionic

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5
Q

Ionic bonds form…

A

Positive and negative ions

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6
Q

Metals in an ionic bond form…

A

Cations
Positive
Lose electrons

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7
Q

Nonmetals in an ionic bond form…

A

Anions
Negative
Gain electrons

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8
Q

Cations and anions form electrostatic bonds based on…

A

Opposite charges

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9
Q

Ionic bonds are very strong and take a lot of _________ to break apart

A

Energy

Bond energy

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10
Q

Input of energy into an ionic bond

A

Endothermic

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11
Q

Larger ions form…

A

Weaker bonds

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12
Q

Lower electronegativity =

Closer to each other

A

More covalent

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13
Q
  • strong force of attraction
  • high melting point
  • very hard
  • low volatility (don’t evaporate well)
A

Ionic solids

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14
Q

Cleave along planes and line up in repetitive pattern to minimize repulsive forces
Don’t bend or stretch
Soluble in polar solvents

A

Properties of ionic solids

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15
Q

One atom shares one or more pairs of electrons with another atom so they both acquire full octets

A

Covalent bonds

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16
Q

Bond that occurs between two Nonmetals

A

Covalent

17
Q

Electronegativity difference= 0-.5

Balance of shared electrons

A

Nonpolar covalent bond

18
Q

Electronegativity difference = .5-1.9

Imbalance of shared electrons

A

Polar covalent bond

19
Q

Electronegativity difference =1.9-3.5

A

Ionic bond

20
Q
  • find total amount of valence electrons
  • central atom is least electronegative
  • assign single bonds to terminal atoms
  • fill in octets of terminal atoms
  • extra electrons go on central atom
  • use multiple bonds to fill central atom if needed
A

Lewis structure

21
Q

Two or more Nonmetals bonded together to form a compound

Bonds are nonpolar/polar covalent

A

Molecule

22
Q

Combination of Nonmetals or metals and Nonmetals bonded together

A

Polyatomic ions

23
Q

More covalent= __________ electronegativity

A

Closer in

24
Q

More ionic= ___________ in electronegativity

A

Farther apart

25
Q

Greater electronegativity= more…

A

Polar

26
Q

Elements tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to acquire a full shell

A

The octet rule

AP Chemistry (15 decks)

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