Topic 2 - Development Dynamics (Non Case Study) Flashcards
Define Development [1]
The economic/social progress a country/people make. [1]
Define GDP per capita (per person) [2]
Total value of goods produced in a country in a year [1] divided by the population [1]
Give the definition of GNI [2]
Total income that the country makes [1] divided by the population
[1]
Define HDI [2]
People quality of life [1] measured via social measures of development [1] (such as life expectancy, education etc.)
Define the CPI [1]
A measure of a government’s corruptness [1]
What is the Gini coefficient? [1]
How equal the distribution of income in a country is [1]
Define birth and death rate [2]
Birth rate - Number of babies born per 1000 people
Death rate - Deaths per 1000 people.
Give 1 reason why birth rate and total fertility rate declines in developed countries [3]
Education [1] can help highlight consequences of frequent births [1], therefore the birth rate will decrease. [1]
Describe what a population pyramid would look like for a developing country [2]
Large base, indicating high fertility rate [1]
Narrow top, indicating low life expectancy [1]
Explain 2 reasons how the physical environment causes global inequalities [4]
Some countries don’t have access to the sea [1], therefore cannot trade with other countries [1]
If countries are met with natural disasters [1], this means that development can slow or reverse [1]
Explain 2 reasons how the political/economic environment causes global inequalities. [4]
Open economies will develop faster than closed economies [1], as they are open to trade with others [1].
Corruption can cause imbalances in the government, [1] therefore disrupting development. [1]
Why has international migration to countries such as the USA increased? [2]
There is a higher quality of life in the USA than in other countries [1], therefore people migrate to live a better life [1]
Describe the 5 stages of Rostow’s modernisation theory [5]
Trad society (Limited tech, with people usually subsistence farming) [1]
Pre-conditions for take-off (Basic infrastructure, railways are built) [1]
Take-off (Mass industrialisation and steady economic growth) [1]
Drive to maturity (New industries replacing old ones) [1]
Mass consumption (Self sustaining economy, with people buying/selling goods) [1]
Explain 2 ways in which Rostow’s modernisation model is criticised [4]
Outdated [1] as was developed in 1960’s, therefore not modern enough [1]
Oversimplified [1] as there were not details on development, therefore may not be accurate enough.
