Topic 2 Development dynamics case studies ( India )

Question 1

Emerging country: India site, situation & connectivity

Answer 1

S Asia so can trade with many areas.
Long coastline = good sea transport.
Int. airports & good rail network.

Question 2

Economic trends & globalisation: India

Answer 2

7% GDP growth rate Since Economic Liberalisation 1991
increased trade with EU, China, USA & Middle East.
FDI by TNCs e.g. BT

Question 3

Positive impacts of economic growth

Answer 3

Increased wealth for educated class. Increased LE & lit. More equality for women & castes. Renewable energy. SS dam & biogas.

Question 4

Negative impacts of economic growth

Answer 4

Increased inequality e.g. Maharashtra = GDP per capita 104k rupees, Bihar = 27k
& only 47% lit. rate. Environment probs e.g. air & water poll.

Question 5

India’s changing geopolitical role

Answer 5

EU partner 2004 Member of G20/UN Becoming a global “tech superpower”.
Poor relations with Pakistan (dispute over Kashmir).

Question 6

Advantages of TNCs on the development of India

Answer 6

Create jobs,
Globalise India with broadband and roads - increased quality of life
More companies means greater income from taxes to host country
Can run programmes to help development

Question 7

Disadvantages of Investment of TNCs

Answer 7

Some profits leave host country
Cause environmental problems - dumping toxic waste
Company may move around the country which can leave people jobless
TNCs are footloose and can pull out at any moment
Can take advantage of workforce - sweatshops

Question 8

Environmental impacts of economic development

Answer 8

Industrialisation means more energy consumption and this increases greenhohse gas emissions in India
India releases 7% of all global greenhouse gas emissions
More factories and cars produce air pollution
500k Indians die each year from breathing problems
City population increase leads to land and water pollution
70% of sewage flows untreated into rivers