Topic 2 Cells: Substance Movement Flashcards
1
Q
- Hypertonic, Hypotonic and Isotonic
- Bulk Flow
- Passive Transport
- Active Transport
- Endocytosis
- Exocytosis
A
Techniques needed for cells to move substances
2
Q
- Higher solute concentration
A
Hypertonic
3
Q
- Lower solute concentration
A
Hypotonic
4
Q
- Equal solute concentration
A
Isotonic
5
Q
- Movement of substances in response to force or pressure
A
Bulk Flow
6
Q
- Simple diffusion
- Osmosis
- Dialysis (diffusion of different solutes across membrane)
- Plasmolysis (movement of water outside cell causing collapse)
- Facilitated diffusion
- Countercurrent exchange (diffusion by Bulk Flow in opposite directions)
A
Passive Transport
7
Q
- Movement of molecules against concentration gradients
A
Active Transport
8
Q
Primary, Secondary, and Group translocation
A
Types of Active Transport
9
Q
- ATP used to move against
A
Primary Active Transport
10
Q
- energy indirectly used to move against
A
Secondary Active Transport
11
Q
- in prokaryotes when substance is chemically altered and prevents it from diffusing back out
A
Group Translocation Active Transport
12
Q
- contains three types of active transport
A
Endocytosis
13
Q
Phagocytosis, Pinocytosis, and receptor-mediated
A
Types of Active Transport in endocytosis
14
Q
- solids enter cell; white blood cell engulfs it as plasma membrane wraps outward around substance
A
Phagocytosis
15
Q
- plasma membrane moves around liquid
A
Pinocytosis
16
Q
- form of pinocytosis in which ligands bind to receptors
A
Receptor-mediated endocytosis
17
Q
- Encompasses transportation out of the cell
A
Exocytosis
18
Q
- Gibbs Free Energy: delta G = delta H – T delta S
o H = enthalpy
o T = temp
o S = entropy - If delta G is negative: reaction can occur spontaneously
- If delta G is positive: reaction is nonspontaneous
- Spontaneous change: Gibbs free energy goes down, stability up, work down
- Spontaneous Reaction: free energy release and delta G < 0
- Nonspontaneous Reaction: free energy is required and delta G > 0
- Basal Metabolic Rate: increases as size increases
- Increased temperature = increased metabolism
- Increased age = decreased metabolism
A
Bio thermodynamics
