Topic 1 Carbohydrates Flashcards
1
Q
- Sugars, starches, and fibers
- Contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms (CHO)
- Come in the form of monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides
A
Carbohydrates
2
Q
- Carbohydrate monomers with an empirical formula of (CH2O)n where “n” represents the number of carbons
- Single sugar molecule
- Alpha (OH down) or beta (OH up) depending on the placement of OH
A
Monosaccharides
3
Q
- Ribose, Fructose, Glucose
A
Types of monosaccharides
4
Q
- 5 carbon monosaccharide
A
Ribose
5
Q
- 6 carbon monosaccharide
A
Fructose and Glucose
6
Q
- Glucose and Fructose are _______ of each other
A
Isomers
7
Q
- Same chemical formula, different arrangement of atoms
A
Isomer
8
Q
- Contain two monosaccharides joined together by a glycosidic bond
- Result of a dehydration (condensation) reaction: where a water molecule leaves and a covalent bond forms
A
Disaccharides
9
Q
- When a covalent bond breaks due to the addition of water
A
Hydrolysis Reaction
10
Q
- Sucrose, Lactose, Maltose
A
Types of disaccharides
11
Q
Glucose + fructose
A
Sucrose
12
Q
Glucose + galactose
A
Lactose
13
Q
Glucose + glucose
A
Maltose
14
Q
• Contain multiple monosaccharides connected by glycosidic bonds to from long polymers
A
Polysaccharide
15
Q
- Starch, Glycogen, Glucans, Cellulose, Chitin
A
Types of polysaccharides
