Topic 2: All cells arise from other cells

Question 1

What makes up the cell cycle?

Answer 1

-Interphase
-Mitosis
-Cytokinesis

Question 2

What are the stages in interphase and describe what happens in each stage.

Answer 2

-G1: Cell elongates + organelles replicate
-S phase: DNA replicates
-G2: DNA is checked for any mutations, and organelles replicate further

Question 3

What is mitosis?

Answer 3

The nuclear division producing 2 genetically identical daughter cell, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

Question 4

What are the stages of mitosis? (PMAT)

Answer 4

-Prophase
-Metaphase
-Anaphase
-Telophase

Question 5

Why is mitosis important?

Answer 5

-Growth of organisms
-Replace cells to repair damaged tissue
-Asexual reproduction

Question 6

Describe what happens in prophase.

Answer 6

-Nucleolus disappears + nuclear envelope breaks down.
-Chromosomes condense and becomes visible
-Centrioles move to poles forming spindle network

Question 7

What happens during metaphase?

Answer 7

-Nuclear membrane disappears
-Spindle fibres attach to chromosomes by their centromere
-Chromosomes align at the equator

Question 8

What happens during anaphase?

Answer 8

-Spindle fibres contract as they retract back to the centrioles
-Centromere divides
-Pulling chromatids from each pair to opposite poles of the cell

Question 9

What happens during Telophase?

Answer 9

-Chromosomes uncoil, becoming visible
-Spindle fibre disappears
-Nuclear envelope reforms

Question 10

What happens during cytokinesis?

Answer 10

Cytoplasm and cell membrane divides to form 2 genetically identical daughter cells.