Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SCIENCE COMBINED Biology Paper 1 > Topic 2 > Flashcards

Topic 2 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Anaphase

A

Stage of mitosis when separated chromosomes move away from each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Asexual reproduction

A

Producing organisms from one parent only.

Genetically identical to the parent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cancer cell

A

Cell that divides uncontrollably

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cell cycle

A

Sequence of growth and division in cells

Mitosis & interphase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cytokinesis

A

When the cytoplasm of the cell is separated and the cell membrane is pinched to divide the cell into 2 daughter cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Daughter Cell

A

New cells produced by cell division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

DNA replication

A

Copying of DNA in a cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Interphase

A

Stage when cell prepared itself to divide, DNA replication takes place.
Makes more sub-cellular structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Metaphase

A

Stage of mitosis when chromosomes line up in middle of cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Mitosis

A

Process of cells dividing into 2 identical daughter cells, genetically identical also to the parent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Prophase

A

Stage of mitosis when the nucleus begins to break down and spindle fibres appear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Spindle fibre

A

Filament formed during mitosis to help separate chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Telophase

A

Chromosomes arrive at opposite ends of cell and nucleus membrane forms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Percentile

A

A 1/100 division of a group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Differentiate

A

To change into different types, e.g., meristem cells differentiate to become xylem cells or root hair cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Elongation

A

When something gets longer

17
Q

Meristem

A

A small area of undifferentiated cells in a plant

18
Q

Root hair cell

A

Cell found on surface of plant roots that has a large surface area to absorb water

19
Q

Xylem cell

A

Cells that join with other xylem cells to form long, thick walled vessels after they die.

Carry water and dissolved mineral salts through the plant

20
Q

Adult stem cell

A

Stem cell found in specialised tissue that can produce more of the specialised cells in that tissue for growth and repair

21
Q

Rejection

A

When the immune system attacks and kills cells and tissue

22
Q

Axon

A

Long extension of a neurone that carries an impulse away from dendron or dendrite towards other neurones

23
Q

Axon terminal

A

Small ‘button’ at end of branches that leave an axon

24
Q

CNS

A

Central Nervous System

Brain and spinal cord

25
Q

Dendrite

A

A fine extension from a neurone which carries impulses

26
Q

Dendron

A

Large, long extension of a sensory neurone that carries impulses from dendrite to axon

27
Q

Myelin sheath

A

Fatty covering around axons of neurones.
Speeds up transmissions of impulses
Helps to insulate

28
Q

Neurone

A

Cell that transmits electrical impulses

Nerve cell

29
Q

Neurotransmission

A

Passing impulses

Neurone to neurone

30
Q

Receptor cell

A

Cell that receives a stimulus and coverts it into an impulse to be sent to the brain - spinal cord

31
Q

Sense organ

A

Organ that contains receptor cells

32
Q

Sensory neurone

A

Neurone that carries impulses from receptor cells towards CNS

33
Q

Stimulus

A

Change in a factor detected by receptors

34
Q

Effector

A

Muscle or gland in the body that performs an action when an impulse is received from nervous system is received

35
Q

Motor neurone

A

Neurone that carries impulses to effectors

36
Q

Neurotransmitter

A

Substance that diffuses across the gap between 2 neurones at a synapse

37
Q

Reflex arc

A

Neurone pathway consisting of sensory neurone passing impulses to a motor neurone

38
Q

Relay neurone

A

Short neurone in spinal cord and brain, linking with sensory, motor and other relay neurones

39
Q

Synapse

A

Where 2 neurones meet - tiny gap where electrical impulses cannot be transmitted, so are changed into chemical impulses

SCIENCE COMBINED Biology Paper 1 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions