Topic 2

Question 1

Nucleus

Answer 1

Contains genetic material and controls cells activities

Question 2

Cell membrane

Answer 2

Hold the cell together and controls what goes in and out

Question 3

Ribosomes

Answer 3

These are where proteins are made

Question 4

Cytoplasm

Answer 4

Gel like substance where most chemical reactions hapoen. Contains enzymes that control these chemical reactions.

Question 5

Mitochondria

Answer 5

Aerobic resipration reactions occur

Question 6

Cells wall

Answer 6

Supports cell and strengthens it. Made of cellulose.

Question 7

Vacuole

Answer 7

Contains cell sap. Weak solution of sugars and salts. Helps to keep cell plump amd swollen.

Question 8

Chloroplasts

Answer 8

Photosynthesis occurs, making food for plant. Contain green substance called chlorophyll which absorbs light for photosynthesis.

Question 9

Bacterial cell

Answer 9

No nucleaus; cells wall; cytoplasm; ribosomes
- circular DNA - controls cells activity and replication. It floats free in the cytoplasm.
- plasmids - contain genes for drug resistance and can be passed between bacteria.

Question 10

Ciliates cells

Answer 10

• movement of mucus in trachea + bronchi
• cilia hairs that sway (hair like structures)
• cilia beat to move substances in one cirection alomg surface of tissue

Question 11

Root hair cells

Answer 11

• absorb water by osmosis
• active transport if ions
  : large SA (increases uptake)
  : large vacuole for water storage
  : mitochondria for active transport

Question 12

Root hair cell adaptations

Answer 12

• long hair extentuons for bigger SA
• thin membranes to decrease diffusion distance
• large SA to increase rate of absorbtion of water by osmosis
  : mineral ions by active transport

Question 13

Egg cells

Answer 13

• to carry female DNA
• nourish developing embryo in early stages of development
• adapted because it is large; contains nutrients in the cytoplasm

Question 14

Sperm cell

Answer 14

• to transport male DNS to females egg
• long flagellum and steamline head to swim
• head has enzymes to digest through the membrane of egg; these are stored in acrosome
• lots of mitochondria to provide energy to swim

Question 15

Neurones

Answer 15

• conduct electrical impulses from one part of the body to another
• these cells are long and have branched connections at thr end to connect to other neurones
• forms a network throughout body

Question 16

Palaside mesophyll cell

Answer 16

• where most photosynthesis occurs in a plant
• layer near the top for the most light to be absorbed
• lots of chloroplasts (where photosynthesis occurs)
• long and thin so more can be packed

Question 17

Red blood cells

Answer 17

• transport oxygen from lungs to all cells in body
• biconcave disc: gives large surface area for absorbijg oxygen
• heamoglobin: carries oxygen
• no nucleus for more space

Question 18

Tissue

Answer 18

A group of similar cells that work together to carry out a shared function (can include more than one type of cell)

Question 19

Organs

Answer 19

An organ is a group of different tissues that work together to peform a specific function

Question 20

Organ systems

Answer 20

An organ sytem is a group of organs working together tonperform body function
- work together to make entire organisms

Question 21

Magnification

Answer 21

Image size/ Actual size