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ut2 > topic 13: acoustical control > Flashcards

topic 13: acoustical control Flashcards

1
Q

____ is a science which deals with the production, control, transmission, reception and effects of sound in an enclosed space.

A

acoustics

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2
Q

____ is the human ear’s response to pressure fluctuations in the air caused by vibrating objects.

A

sound

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3
Q

Sound travels in space by a phenomenon called ____.

A

wave motion

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4
Q

_____ in air is similar to the motion of a ripple prduced by dropping a pebble into a water pond.

A

wave motion

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5
Q

What are the 3 types of sound?

A
  1. speech
  2. music
  3. noise
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6
Q

____ is used for daily communication.

A

speech

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7
Q

___ has melodic frequencies.

A

music

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8
Q

___ is unwanted sound.

A

noise

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9
Q

What are the 4 physical quantities of sound?

A
  1. frequency
  2. speed
  3. wavelength
  4. intensity
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10
Q

_____ is the number of sound ripples generated in unit time.

A

frequency (f)

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11
Q

The number of cycles that the air particles move back and forth in one second in a sound wave is called the ______.

A

frequency of the wave

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12
Q

The unit of frequency is _____ which is also termed Hertz (Hz).

A

cycles per second (c/s)

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13
Q

Hertz (Hz) is named after the Austrian physicist _____ (1857-94).

A

Heinrich Hertz

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14
Q

The ____ of sound in air has been measured as 344 m/sec (1,130 ft/sec).

A

speed (c)

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15
Q

What is the speed of light?

A

300,000 km/sec

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16
Q

What is the speed of sound in air?

A

1,240 km/hr

17
Q

The speed of sound in air ____ with the frequency of sound or its loudness.

A

does not vary

18
Q

The ____ and the frequency of sound are related to each other.

A

wavelength (λ)

19
Q

____ is defined as the amount of sound power falling on (or passing through, or crossing) a unit area.

A

intensity

20
Q

The unit of intensity is ____.

A

watt per square meter (W/m2)

21
Q

What are the 2 charactersitics of sound?

A
  1. loudness
  2. pitch
22
Q

____ is a measure of the intensity of sound and is expressed in decibels (dB).

A

loudness

23
Q

____ is a quantity called the sound intensity level (IL).

A

loudness

24
Q

____ is the frequency of sound wave perceived by the human ear.

A

pitch

25
Q

A high-pitched sound means that it has a _____ frequency.

A

high

26
Q

What are the 2 activities involves in noise control?

A
  1. the control of air-brone noise through the insulation of sound or the shuttin-out of unwanted sounds from the outside
  2. the control of structure-borne noises, through the isolation of machines from the room’s or the building’s structure
27
Q

What are the 5 principal acoustical defects of rooms?

A
  1. prolonged reverberation
  2. echo
  3. resonance
  4. flutter echo
  5. undue focusing of sound
28
Q

_____ is long reverberation time (RT) due to large amounts of highly reflective surfaces and/or to large volume of space which will take considerable time for reflected sound to die out.

A

prolonged reverberation

29
Q

Effect of prolonged reverberation is ____ which is harmful to both speech and music.

A

burring

30
Q

What are the 3 factors that influences reverberation?

A
  1. volume of the room
  2. sound absorbing qualities of the room’s surface
  3. number of people and furniture in the room
31
Q

______ is the distinct reflection of original sound which results when the path of reflected sound is 20 m (65 ft) or more than the path of direct sound.

A

echo

32
Q

If the difference is _____ than 20 m, the reflected sound will reinforce the direct sound which is desirable.

A

less

33
Q

____ is the reinforcement of certain sound frequencies due to sympathetic vibrations.

A

resonance

34
Q

The effect of ____ would be to emphasize certain frequencides at the expense of others, which is undersirable for balance desired in rooms intended for music.

A

resonance

35
Q

____ is a rapid but repetitive succession of sounds caused by highly reflective parallel surfaces (wall to wall, or ceiling to floor).

A

flutter echo

36
Q

____ is caused by concave surfaces which causes sound to converge at certain points with resulting loss of energy in other parts of the room.

A

undue focusing of sound

ut2 (14 decks)

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