Topic 12 - RNA Based Regulation

Question 1

Cis-acting regulatory secondary structure that either hides or exposes the Shine-Dalgarno sequence.

Answer 1

Riboswitch

Question 2

Trans-acting RNA sequence that binds to target mRNA blocking translation

Answer 2

Antisense RNA (asRNA)

Question 3

Trans-acting short single stranded RNA segments that bind to the RISC protein complex to imperfectly pair to target mRNA and block translation.

Answer 3

Micro RNA (miRNA)

Question 4

Trans-acting short single stranded RNA segments that bind to the RISC protein complex to perfectly pair to target mRNA and block transcription.

Answer 4

Small Interfering RNA (siRNA)

Question 5

The protein complex that binds with miRNA or siRNA to block transcription.

Answer 5

RISC

Question 6

Use of siRNA and the protein complex RITS to recruit methyl transferase to methylate DNA and inhibit transcription.

Answer 6

DNA Targeted RNA Silencing/RNAi

Question 7

The protein complex that binds with only siRNA to recruit methyl transferase.

Answer 7

RITS

Question 8

The enzyme that cuts double stranded RNA into 22 base long segments to make miRNA or siRNA.

Answer 8

DICER

Question 9

Long RNA strands that can bind to DNA or other regulatory RNA to guide proteins to binding sites or prevent proteins from binding.

Answer 9

Long Non-Coding RNA (lncRNA)

Question 10

Any process that equalizes the amount of gene product of X chromosomes.

Answer 10

Dosage Compensation

Question 11

lncRNA that tethers and wraps around the X chromosome causing histone deacetylation and methylation.

Answer 11

Xist

Question 12

States that all but one X chromosome is inactivated and the choice of which X chromosome is random.

Answer 12

Random X Inactivation