Topic 1.2 respiratory system Flashcards
1
Q
Describe composition of inhaled air
A
- 20% oxygen
- 10% carbon dioxide
2
Q
Describe composition of exhaled air
A
- 16% oxygen
- 4% carbon dioxide
3
Q
Define vital capacity
A
The greatest amount of air that can be made to pass into the lungs by the most forceful inspiration/expiration
4
Q
Define tidal volume
A
The volume of air inspired or expired per breathe.
5
Q
Why does tidal volume increase during exercise?
A
- muscles are contracting more, meaning more oxygen is required at working muscles
6
Q
Describe the movement of air through the body
A
nasal/oral cavity
pharynx
larynx
trachea
bronchi
bronchioles
alveoli
bloodstream
7
Q
During inspiration what does the :
intercostal muscles
ribcage
diaphragm
pressure
lungs
A
- Intercostal muscles contract
- Rib cage moves up and out
- diaphragm contracts and moves downwards
- pressure in lungs decreases
- air moves into the lings
8
Q
During expiration what does the :
intercostal muscles
ribcage
diaphragm
pressure
lungs
A
- intercostal muscles relax
- rib cage moves in and out
- diaphragm relaxes and moves upwards
- pressure in the lungs increases
- air moves out of the lungs
9
Q
describe the alveoli and its functions
A
- Site of gas exchange
- Thin membrane (1 cell thick)
- Moist lining
