TOPIC # 12 DEVELOPMENT OF THE URINARY SYSTEM

Question 1

is located outside of the peritoneal cavity in the dorsolateral body wall.

Answer 1

urinary system

Question 2

The adult urinary system consists of the kidneys (2),

Answer 2

ureters (2),
renal pelvis (2)
, urinary bladder
and urethra

Question 3

The urinary system is derived from

Answer 3

intermediate and somatic mesoderm.

Question 4

Intermediate mesoderm and adjacent somatic mesoderm (mesothelium lining the coelom) forms
a

Answer 4

urogenital ridge.

Question 5

is the first to appear.

Answer 5

pronephros

Question 6

It consists of 7-8 pairs of primitive that appear in sequence, starting at the
level of somite 5 to 16

Answer 6

pronephric tubules

Question 7

The tubules fuse to form a that grows caudally and terminates in the cloaca.

Answer 7

pronephric duct

Question 8

•
Functional kidney for fish, amphibians and young embryos of birds and mammals

Answer 8

Mesonephros

Question 9

•
Functional adult kidney and ureter of older embryo, reptiles, birds and mammals

Answer 9

Metanephros

Question 10

Metanephros Originates from two sources;

Answer 10

ureteric bud and metanephrogenous mass.

Question 11

Slender stern of the ureteric bud =

Answer 11

ureter

Question 12

Expanded cranial end of the ureteric bud is enduced by the metanephrogenous mess =

Answer 12

renal
pelvis.

Question 13

in large ruminants and pig, gives off branches, the major calyces .

Answer 13

renal pelvis

Question 14

Each major calyx gives off branches, the .

Answer 14

minor calyces

Question 15

Each major calyx gives off branches, the .

Answer 15

minor calyces

Question 16

Each minor calyx gives off several branches, the

Answer 16

papillary ducts.

Question 17

Each papillary ducts gives off branches, the

Answer 17

collecting tubules

Question 18

The papillary ducts and collecting tubules comprises the medulla of the

Answer 18

adult kidney

Question 19

Adjacent to collecting tubules, mesodermal cells proliferate to form cell cords that canalize and
elongate, becoming S-shaped and eventually nephrons.

Answer 19

metanephric tubules

Question 20

develop from deep to superficial in the kidney

Answer 20

Nephrons

Question 21

Urinary bladder develops from , the expanded proximal part (intraembryonic) of allantoic
stalk)

Answer 21

urachus

Question 22

he cranial end of the (ventral part of the cloaca separated from the
dorsal parts , rectum and anal canal , by a urorectal septum .

Answer 22

urogenital sinus

Question 23

develops from the urogenital sinus

Answer 23

Urethra

Question 24

(cystic /polycystic kidneys) - may result from ureteric atresia or from failure of
nephrons to communicate with collecting tubules

Answer 24

Hydronephrosis

Question 25

(urachal fistula)- results from a failure of the allantoic stalk to close at birth. Also,
vesicourachal diverticulum (urachus persisting as a blind pouch) is a sourced of chronic cystitis
and chronic dribbling of urine at the umbilicus

Answer 25

Patent urachus

Question 26

• entry of the ureter into the urethra or vagina instead of the urinary bladder that
  results in urinary bladder infection or incontinence (urine dribbling) because urine is deposited
  beyond the urinary sphincters

Answer 26

Ectopic ureter

Question 27

rectovesicular; rectovestibular; rectourethral - Due to faulty separation of the
cloaca into rectum and urogenital sinus, a fistulous tract may remain that leads to abnormal
elimination of urine and feces and urinary tract infection

Answer 27

Urorectal fistula: