Topic 11: TAXATION

Question 1

The tax system during Spanish colonization where labor services were mandatory for Filipino males.

Answer 1

Polo y Servicios

Question 2

The law passed during the American period to regulate land titles and address land ownership issues.

Answer 2

Land Registration Act of 1902

Question 3

The primary purpose of taxation according to Philippine fiscal policy.

Answer 3

To defray government expenses and promote citizen welfare

Question 4

The reform introduced during the Commonwealth period that abolished the cedula tax.

Answer 4

National Internal Revenue Code

Question 5

The tax reform program that introduced VAT under President Corazon Aquino.

Answer 5

1986 Tax Reform Program

Question 6

The tax reform program under President Ramos aimed at modernizing the tax system.

Answer 6

Comprehensive Tax Reform Program

Question 7

The colonial administration that introduced income tax in the Philippines.

Answer 7

American Colonial Period

Question 8

The type of tax that was dominant under the Marcos regime.

Answer 8

Indirect taxes

Question 9

The priority reform in property valuation under President Ferdinand Marcos Jr.

Answer 9

Real Property Valuation and Assessment Reform

Question 10

The 1913 legislation that reduced tariffs on American products in the Philippines.

Answer 10

Underwood-Simmons Tariff Act

Question 11

The tax system reform that introduced a progressive tax on luxury goods.

Answer 11

Commonwealth Period Tax Reforms

Question 12

The tax introduced to generate revenue for government programs in 1932.

Answer 12

National Lottery

Question 13

The reform enacted during President Duterte’s administration to lower personal income tax rates.

Answer 13

Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion (TRAIN)

Question 14

The primary source of revenue during Japanese occupation.

Answer 14

Amusements, business licenses, and manufacturing

Question 15

The year the Philippines gained independence and fiscal policy transitioned.

Answer 15

1946

Question 16

The agency responsible for tax collection and policy reforms in the Philippines.

Answer 16

Department of Finance (DOF)

Question 17

The tax reform during the Marcos regime aimed at promoting indirect taxation.

Answer 17

Regressive Tax Policy

Question 18

The colonial power that replaced urban taxes with land taxes.

Answer 18

American Colonial Government

Question 19

The key taxation reform introduced in 1940 during the Commonwealth era.

Answer 19

Residence tax

Question 20

The revenue law that merged tax collection with customs duties during World War II.

Answer 20

Bureau of Internal Revenue Law

Question 21

TRUE or FALSE
The polo system required Filipinos to serve for 40 days annually during Spanish colonization.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

TRUE or FALSE
Income tax was introduced in the Philippines under Japanese colonization.

Answer 22

False (It was introduced under the Americans.)

Question 23

TRUE or FALSE
The Value Added Tax was a feature of the Comprehensive Tax Reform Program.

Answer 23

False (It was introduced during President Corazon Aquino’s administration.)

Question 24

TRUE or FALSE
President Duterte’s TRAIN law simplified tax collection.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

TRUE or FALSE
Indirect taxes were the main source of revenue during President Marcos’ term.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

TRUE or FALSE
The Underwood-Simmons Tariff Act promoted free trade between the Philippines and the U.S.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

TRUE or FALSE
Japanese forces exempted their goods from taxes during World War II.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

TRUE or FALSE
The Commonwealth government implemented a progressive tax system on luxuries.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

TRUE or FALSE
Taxation remained regressive during President Ramos’ administration.

Answer 29

False

Question 30

TRUE or FALSE
Direct taxes dominated fiscal policy during the American era.

Answer 30

True