Topic 10- Introduction to Equilibria Flashcards
Dynamic Equilibrium
A reaction which proceeds in the forwards and the backwards direction at the same time.
- Rate of forwards and reverse reactions are equal
- Concentrations or reactants and products are equal
Le Chetalier`s principle
If a factor is changes that affects a system at equilibrium, the position of equilibrium will move to oppose the change.
Effect of increasing concentration of a reactant
Moves the position of equilibrium from left to right to oppose the change and remove added reactant. (increasing conc. of product)
Effect of increasing concentration of product
Moves the position of equilibrium from right to left to oppose the change and remove added product. (decreasing product formed)
Effects of decreasing concentration of a reactant
Moves position of equilibrium from right to left to oppose the change and make more reactant.
Effects of decreasing concentration of a product
Moves the position of equilibrium from left to right to oppose the change and make more of the product.
Changes in temp.
Changes in temp. affect the position of equilibrium based on whether reaction is endothermic or exothermic
Increasing temp in an ENDOTHERMIC REACTION
Moves position of the equilibrium in the direction of the forwards endothermic reaction to absorb the heat.
- Higher yield/conc. of products.
Decreasing temp in an ENDOTHERMIC REACTION
Moves the position of the equilibrium in the reverse, exothermic direction, to release heat.
- Lower yield/conc. of products
Increasing temp in an EXOTHERMIC REACTION
Moves the position of equilibrium in the reverse, endothermic direction, to absorb the heat.
- Lower yield/conc. of products
Decreasing temp in an EXOTHERMIC REACTION
Moves the position of equilibrium in the forwards exothermic direction, to release more heat.
- Higher yield/conc. of products
Increasing pressure when REACTANTS have fewer gas moles.
Moves the position of equilibrium in the direction of the reactants- to oppose increase in pressure.
- Low yield/conc. of products
Decreasing pressure when REACTANTS have fewer gas moles
Moves position of equilibrium in the direction of products- to oppose increase in pressure.
- High yield/conc. of products
Increasing pressure when PRODUCTS have fewer moles
Moves position of equilibrium in the direction of products- to oppose the change in pressure.
- High yield/conc. of products
Decreasing pressure when PRODUCTS have fewer moles
Moves position of equilibrium in the direction of reactants- to oppose the change in pressure.
- Low yield/conc. of products
