Topic 10: Devolution

Question 1

1. Explain and analyse 3 ways that devolution has impacted the UK Government:

Answer 1

1. Policy divergence – Different policies in devolved regions (e.g., Scotland’s tuition fees policy).
2. Reduced central authority – Westminster no longer controls all areas of governance in Scotland, Wales, and NI.
3. Increased demands for independence – SNP pushing for a second independence referendum.

Question 2

2. Explain and analyse 3 benefits of devolution:

Answer 2

1. Closer to the people – Policies tailored to local needs (e.g., Wales’ COVID restrictions).
2. Improved representation – Scotland addressing distinct cultural and legal needs.
3. Innovation in policy – Different regions can experiment with solutions (e.g., minimum alcohol pricing in Scotland).

Question 3

3. Explain and analyse 3 arguments in favour of an English Parliament:

Answer 3

1. Addressing the West Lothian question – English MPs lack equivalent powers.
2. Enhanced accountability – English-specific issues get clearer focus.
3. Balancing devolution – Equally empowering all UK nations.

Question 4

4. Explain and analyse 3 arguments that greater devolution is required across the UK political system:

Answer 4

1. Uneven powers – Scotland has more powers than Wales.
2. Demand for local representation – Yorkshire Devolution Movement highlights regional calls for authority.
3. Reduce centralisation – Address Westminster’s perceived dominance.

Question 5

5. Explain and analyse 3 roles, powers, or responsibilities of the devolved governments:

Answer 5

1. Scotland – Control over education, e.g., university tuition.
2. Wales – Health policies, e.g., banning smoking in outdoor public spaces.
3. Northern Ireland – Assembly responsible for policing and justice since 2010.