topic 1-localisation of the brain Unit 3 Flashcards
what are the two parts of the nervous system?
Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
What does the CNS and PNS do?
CNS: the brain and the spinal cord
PNS: Somatic Nervous system: voluntary movement of skeletal muscles
Automatic: The communication between CNS and non-skeletal muscles
What are the different parts of the brain and their functions?
The Cerebral Cortex: outer area of the brain
Cerebrum: Seperated into left and right hemispheres
Frontal lobe: Problem solving, language, planning, movement
Parietal lobe: Helps percieve your own body and the space around you
Temporal lobe: processes auditory information
Occipital lobe: Controls vision
What and where are the different areas of the brain that language is processed?
Brocas area: helps understand grammar
Wernicke’s area: interprest meaning in speach and creates grammatically correct speech
Geschwind’s territory: The connection between Broca and Wernicke’s area, what words sounds like or represent
Where is voluntary movement coordinated in the brain?
Primary motor cortex, cerebellum and basal ganglia
Where does emotion occur in the brain?
The limbic system (where memory, emotion and motivation occur)
Prefrontal cortex: -The part of the cerebral cortex that covers the brain, connects brain regions in emotional processing and production
-modify emotions.
What parts of the brain are in the limbic system?
Hippocampus, hypothalamus, amygdala
What’s the difference between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters?
Excitatory: Causes neuron to fire, glutamate can excite every neuron in the brain and nervous system
Inhibitory: Prevents neurons from firing, Gaba does this effect and regulates anxiety
Whats Acetylcholine and its physical and psychological effect?
-think of alziehmers
Physical: Controls REM sleep, responsible for muscles that control breathing, MEMORY
Psychological: helps the qualty of communication between neurons in the brain (with learning)
-involved with neuroplasticity
Whats Epinephrne and its physical and psychological effect?
-Its adrenaline
Physical: increased heart rate, heightened blood pressure and respiratory rate
Psychological: Released in fearful situations to protect ourselves
Whats Norepinephrine and its physical and psychological effect?
Physical: Triggers the release of glucose into our blood stream, iincreases blood flow to muscles
Psychological: increases alertness and arousal, helps us concentrate and regulates our moods
Whats Dopamine and its physical and psychological effect?
-its pleasure
Physical: It explains why we engain in fun activities, how we eat, move, learn. It explains addictive behaviour (with drugs/a;chohol, cigarettes)
Psychological: Controls the brains reward and pleasure centers
Whats Seotonin and its physical and psychological effect?
-Feel good chemical
Physical: Helps regulate mood, social behaviour, appetite, sleep, memory and sexual functioning
Psychological: low levels of serotonin can lead to depression
Parkinsons (symptoms, treatments, caused)
symptoms: slowness of movement
treatments: drugs that provide dopamine
causes: lack of dopamine
without dopamine the neurons responsible for movement fire uncontrollably which prevents sufferers from controls tehir movements
Alziehmers (symptoms, treatments, caused)
symptoms: gradual and severe memory loss, confusion, disordered thinking and depression
treatments: mediactions designed to replace loss amounts of acetylcholine
causes: genetic or neurological
