Topic 1 - Atomic Structure And The Periodic Table Flashcards
What is the structure of an atom
Nucleus in the middle (containing protons and neutrons)
Electrons around the nucleus
Where is the nucleus in an atom?
In the middle of the atom
What charge does the nucleus have
Positive charge because protons are positively charged and neutrons have no charge
What charge do electrons have
Negative charge
What determines the size of the electrons’ orbits around the atom
How big the atom is
Do atoms have a mass
Virtually no mass
Number of protons equals what?
Number of electrons
Protons are…
Heavy and positively charged
1 = relative mass \+1 = relative charge
Neutrons are…
Heavy and neutral
Relative charge = 0
Relative mass = 1
Electrons are…
Tiny and negatively charged
Charge = -1 Mass = 1/2000
What is the group of the alkali metals?
1
What is the group of the halogens?
7
Group of noble gases
0/8
Where are the transition metals?
Centre of table
Define elements
They consist only one type of atom
What makes elements different?
The contain different numbers of protons
What does the atomic number show?
Number many protons
What does the mass number show of an element?
Protons plus neutrons in the atom
What are the same out of: protons, electrons, neutrons
Number of protons and electrons are equal
What is an isotope?
Different atomic forms of the same element, which have the same number of protons, and different numbers of neutrons
What are the elements in order of today?
Their relative atomic number
Who arranged the first periodic table?
Mendeleev, a Russian scientist
How did mendeleev arrange the table?
According to their relative atomic mass
What are the periods arranged in now?
Order of increasing atomic number
The period number is the same as…
The number of electron shells
Elements in the same group have the same number…
Of electrons in their outer shell
