Periodic Table Groups Flashcards
What has the highest melting point of group 1?
Lithium
Do alkali have a low or high boiling point compared to other most other metals?
Low melting and boiling points
Do densities of group 1 generally increase or decrease as you go down the group?
Increase
As you go down group 1, do the metals get harder or softer? Guve an example.
They get harder. Lithium - at the top of the group - is the softest in this group.
How do alkali metals react with water?
Vigorously.
They give off hydrogen gas, and metal hydroxide is produced.
The speed and violence of the reaction of water with alkali metals increases or decreases as you go down the group?
It increases
Why does reactivity of the alkali increase as you go down the group?
ALL ALKALI METALS HAVE AT LEAST ONE ELECTRON ON OUTER SHELL
This one electron is lost in the reaction
The alkali metal forms a +1 ion
As you go down group 1, the number of electron shells increase. E.g. Lithium has 2, sodium has 3 ect.
The outmost electron is further from nucleus, making the attraction between negative electron and positive nucleus less/weaker
Electron can be removed easier, making atom more reactive
Do halogens have low pr high boiling points?
Low - a typical property of non-metals
What halogen has the lowest boiling and melting point?
Fluorine
At room temperature, what is fluorine and its colour?
Gas and pale yellow
At room temperature, what is chlorine and its colour?
Gas and pale green
At room temperature, what is bromine and it colour?
Liquid – orangey/brown
At room temperature, what is iodine and its colour?
Grey and solid
Elements get lighter or darker as you go down the group?
Darker
Halogens get more/less reactive as they go down the group?
Less
Halogens react with metals to create…
Salts called metal halides
Uses of halogens
They are bleaching agents – remove colours of dyes.
Kills bacteria – added to drinking water in LOW concentrate
Pools
What is displacement?
When a more reactive halogen displaces a less reactive halogen from a solution of one of its salts
What does inert mean?
Chemically un reactive, ie noble gases
Common properties of noble gases
Non metals
Very unreactive
Colourless
Exist as single atoms
Uses of noble gases
Helium - balloons
Argon - light bulbs
Neon - advertising signs
Do noble gases have low or high boiling points?
Low
Do boiling points decrease or increase as you go down group 0?
Increase
