Topic 1 Anatomy And Physiology Respiratory System

Question 1

Inhaled air:
Nitrogen 78%
Oxygen 21%
Carbon dioxide 0.04%

Question 2

What happens to nitrogen when changing from inhaled to exhaled air

Answer 2

Nitrogen percentage does not change as none is used and removed from body

Question 3

What happens to oxygen levels as you go from inhaled to exhaled air

Answer 3

Oxygen levels decrease as some is being used by body for energy production

Question 4

What happens to carbon dioxide levels as you go from inhaled to exhaled air

Answer 4

Carbon dioxide levels increase as you remove carbon dioxide as a product for energy production

Question 5

Difference between inhaled and exhaled air
Nitrogen has ____
Oxygen has _____
Carbon dioxide has _____
Stayed same
Increased
Decreases

Answer 5

Nitrogen has stayed same
Oxygen has decreased
Carbon dioxide has increased

Question 6

State 2 reasons why levels of nitrogen remain same in inhaled and exhaled air(2)

Answer 6

Nitrogen is not used by body so doesn’t decrease
Nitrogen is not by product of any processes in body so does not increase

Question 7

You have 2 lungs (left and right)
Lungs allow movement of air in and out the body
Air enters body during breathing in
Air leaves body during breathing out

Question 8

Air travels to each of the lungs via the ___

Answer 8

Bronchi(plural)
Bronchus

Question 9

The airway passages get smaller from the bronchi called the _____

Answer 9

Bronchioles

Question 10

After the bronchioles the air is brought to the ____

Question 11

What process occurs at the alveoli

Answer 11

Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide by diffusion

Question 12

During breathing in the diaphragm flattens out to….

Answer 12

Make more space in the chest so lungs can fill up with air

Question 13

Whilst breathing out the diaphragm relaxes and sits back up to….

Answer 13

Make lungs smaller to force air out

Question 14

During exercise the rate and depth of breathing increases, what does the help with

Answer 14

Allow carbon dioxide to be removed at a faster rate and oxygen to reach working muscles at a faster rate

Question 15

Gases more from an area of 1)____ to 2)____ concentration

Answer 15

1) high
2) low

Question 16

What are the alveoli surrounded by

Answer 16

Capillaries containing blood

Question 17

Oxygen movement in gas exchange
Alveoli:
Capillaries:
Oxygen moves from high pressure in the _____ to the _____

Answer 17

Oxygen movement in gas exchange
Alveoli:high conc
Capillaries: low conc
Oxygen moves from high pressure in alveoli to the capillaries

Question 18

Once blood in capillaries gain oxygen what do they do with it

Answer 18

Transport it around the body

Question 19

Carbon dioxide movement in gas exchange
Alveoli:
Capillaries:
Carbon dioxide moves from high pressure in the _____ to the _____

Answer 19

Alveoli:low conc
Capillaries:high conc
Carbon dioxide moves from high pressure in the capillaries to the alveoli

Question 20

How does carbon dioxide end up in the capillaries and what happens once it enters the alveoli

Answer 20

Carbon dioxide is a product of energy production and once it reaches the alveoli it is breathed out

Question 21

How does gas exchange vary in aerobic activity

Answer 21

Increase in breathing rate and gas exchange to meet demands of more oxygen in working muscles

Question 22

How does gas exchange vary in anaerobic exercise

Answer 22

Increased breathing rate which allows greater gas exchange to aid recovery

Question 23

What will the concentration be in the blood of oxygen just after it has left the alveoli and give a reason

Answer 23

Concentration of oxygen in the blood will be high because gas exchange has just occurred and oxygen more oxygen has entered blood to be transported to rest of body

Question 24

What is tidal volume

Answer 24

The normal amount of air inhaled o me exhaled in a normal breath

Question 25

What is vital capacity

Answer 25

The maximum amount of air your lungs can exhale after the maximum amount they can inhale

Question 26

What is lung volume

Answer 26

Capacity of the lungs/how much air they can hold

Question 27

Why is breathing rate and depth less at rest than when exercising

Answer 27

Less oxygen needs to be breathed in
Less carbon dioxide needs to be breather out as less is produced

Question 28

Why do you need more air in your lungs and out during exercise

Answer 28

Demand for oxygen increases as you need more for energy production
You need to breather out more carbon dioxide produced during energy production

Question 29

When you breath more deeply what increases

Answer 29

Tidal volume

Question 30

In what 2 ways does your breathing change to meet demands of exercise

Answer 30

Breathing rate
Breathing depth

Question 31

What is expiratory reserve volume

Answer 31

Maximum volume that can be exhaled

Question 32

What is inspiration reserve volume

Answer 32

Maximum volume that can be inhaled