Topic 1 Anatomy And Physiology Energy And Effects Of Exercise

Question 1

What type of exercise uses oxygen to produce energy

Answer 1

Aerobic respiration
Anaerobic respiration doesn’t use oxygen

Question 2

What are some activities using anaerobic and aerobic respiration

Answer 2

Anaerobic(high intensity short duration);
100m sprint
Shot put
Javelin

Aerobic(long duration moderate or low intensity);
Long distance running
Cycling

Question 3

Fats are an energy source for ____ respiration
Aerobic
Anaerobic
Aerobic and anaerobic

Answer 3

Aerobic

Question 4

Carbohydrates are an energy source for ____ respiration
Aerobic
Anaerobic
Aerobic and anaerobic

Answer 4

Aerobic and anaerobic

Question 5

Fats require 1)____ to break down into glucose
Are 2)_____ to break down
Once broken give 3)_____ quantities of energy

Answer 5

1)oxygen
2)slow
3)large

Question 6

Aerobic or anaerobic energy equation?
Glucose+oxygen—>carbon dioxide+water+heat+energy

Answer 6

Aerobic

Question 7

Aerobic or anaerobic energy equation?
Glucose —>lactic acid +energy

Answer 7

Anaerobic

Question 8

-Carbohydrates 1)do/do not require oxygen to break down into glucose
-2)Do/do not give as much energy as fats
-are easier to break down therefore release 3)more/less quickly than fats

Answer 8

1)do not
2)do not
3)more

Question 9

Lactic acid is a product of which type of respiration

Answer 9

Anaerobic

Question 10

What does lactic acid do to muscles and how is it removed

Answer 10

It causes muscle tissues to become tired and fatigued without oxygen and drop performance but once the performer starts resting after exercise the oxygen the breath will start to remove the lactic acid

Question 11

Explain why a 1500 metre runner cannot maintain same speed over 1500 m as a sprinter can over 400 metre(4)

Answer 11

1500m too long distance for all energy to be produced anaerobically
Anaerobic respiration only produces limited energy
The runner will soon have lactic acid build up and become tired and fatigued
400m runner will be able to keep up speed throughout race of shorter distance

Question 12

What does anaerobic energy production lead to in the body

Answer 12

Muscle fatigue
Lactate accumulation

Question 13

How does muscle fatigue and lactate accumulation happen

Answer 13

Muscle fatigue due to increased acidity in the cells due to reactions releasing energy
Lactate accumulation because of lack of oxygen

Question 14

What is an oxygen deficit

Answer 14

When there is not enough energy to work aerobically for long so the muscles start to produce energy anaerobically

Question 15

After an oxygen deficit extra oxygen is needed in recovery than normal to do what (3 things)

Answer 15

Replenish myoglobin stores with oxygen
Break down lactic acid into carbon dioxide and water
Allow energy stores is muscles to be replenished

Question 16

What does higher levels of acidity do to muscle cells

Answer 16

Increased acidity interrupts normal processes of energy production meaning you have to reduce the intensity to allow muscles time to recover

Question 17

What is lactate accumulation

Answer 17

Build up of lactate in muscles that causes muscle fatigue and drop in performance

Question 18

What 4 things increase in the cardiovascular system during exercise

Answer 18

Heart rate
Stroke volume
Blood pressure
Cardiac output

Question 19

What 4 things increase in the respiratory system during exercise

Answer 19

Depth of breathing
Breathing rate
Tidal volume
Gas exchange

Question 20

As breathing rate and depth rate increases it draws air onto the body ____
Faster
Slower
At Same pace

Answer 20

Faster

Question 21

Gas exchange occurs more quickly and increase in bloodflow means blood picks up more1) _____ from lungs and transports it quicker to the 2)______

Answer 21

Oxygen
Muscles

Question 22

Stroke volume * heart rate =?

Answer 22

Stroke volume * heart rate = cardiac output