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Pe Gcse Component 1 Fitness And Body Systems > Topic 1 Anatomy And Physiology Cv System > Flashcards

Topic 1 Anatomy And Physiology Cv System Flashcards

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1
Q

What type of blood vessel is only one cell thick?

A

Capillaries

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2
Q

What blood vessel has the thickest walls

A

Arteries have the thickest walls

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3
Q

What blood vessel has large lumen/internal diameter

A

Veins have large lumen
Capillaries and arteries have small lumen

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4
Q

What process happens at capillaries due to their thin walls

A

Thin walls allow them to do GAS EXCHANGE at the alveoli with blood at VERY LOW PRESSURE

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5
Q

1)Arteries carry blood____ from the heart
2)Veins carry blood ____ the heart

A

1)away
2)towards

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6
Q

Arteries carry blood towards muscles during exercise ,what does this say about their pressure

A

Means the carry blood at a high pressure as during the exercise muscles require more oxygen so more bloodflow

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7
Q

Veins carry blood towards heart after being used by muscles at low pressure,what do they have to prevent back flow

A

Valves

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8
Q

What type of blood vessel holds blood at high pressure?

A

Arteries

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9
Q

What does the cardiovascular system consist of

A

Blood
Blood vessels
The heart

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10
Q

What 3 things are transported in blood

A

Carbon dioxide
Oxygen
Nutrients

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11
Q

Why is transport of oxygen in the blood important

A

Oxygen carried to muscles and vital organs to use in energy production for exercise

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12
Q

What is the importance of transport of CO2 in the blood

A

Carbon dioxide is a by product of energy production and is taken away from the muscles to breath out

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13
Q

What type of cell in they blood helps with clotting open wounds

A

Platelets

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14
Q

What does vasodilation mean

A

Dilate -(open)
When blood vessels increase in diameter when temp increases to increase blood flow and reduce temp and lose more heat

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15
Q

What does vasoconstriction mean

A

Constrict-(close)
When blood vessels decrease in diameter when temp decreases to decrease bloodflow so less heat is lost and increase temp

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16
Q

Explain how the cv system helps regulate body temp when an exercisers environment starts to get cold(2)

A

Blood vessels start to vasoconstrict
To reduce heat lost by radiation and increase body temp

17
Q

What is vascular shunting

A

When blood is diverted away from inactive areas to working muscles during exercise

18
Q

What happens during vasoconstriction

A

Blood vessels are squeezed to make them smaller

19
Q

What is an example of an inactive area during exercise and what happens to blood supply to this area during exercise

A

Digestive system is inactive during exercise and blood supply decreases to these areas during exercise and vessels vasoconstrict

20
Q

What is an example of an active area during exercise and what happens to blood supply to this area during exercise

A

Any voluntary muscles used during exercise like legs in football are active areas and blood supply increases to this area during exercise and blood vessels vasodilate

21
Q

Why is vascular shunting important

A

Increasing blood supply to active areas and decreasing to inactive areas mean the muscles will receive more nutrients and oxygen from blood to perform exercise more efficiently

22
Q

Reduces blood flow to specific areas of the body is achieved through A)_______
There is a need for B)_____ to the muscles during exercise
1Vascular shunting 2digestion 3cardiac output
4increased blood flow

A

A)vascular shunting
B)increased blood flow

23
Q

What are the 4 main components of blood

A

Red blood cells
White blood cells
Platelets
Plasma

24
Q

What does the plasma do

A

Transports the blood cells platelets and nutrients to different parts of the body

25
Q

What do platelets do

A

Prevent bleeding and clog cuts

26
Q

What do white blood cells do

A

Help fight infection and help performers stay free from illnesses

27
Q

What do red blood cells do

A

Carry oxygen by attaching to haemoglobin and transported to working muscles and remove carbon dioxide

28
Q

Explain why plasma is so important to sports performance (3)

A

1 plasma is the liquid part of the blood
2 because it is liquid it allows transportation of anything in it
3therefore plasma can allow transportation of red blood cells to working muscles during physical activity to provide with oxygen

Pe Gcse Component 1 Fitness And Body Systems (5 decks)

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