topic 1 2018 reise Flashcards
what is the job of the lungs
to transfer oxygen to the blood and to remove waste carbon dioxide from it
what do the lungs contain where gas exchange takes place
alveoli
what are alveoli specialised to do
maximise the diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide
4 features of alveoli
- a huge surface area
- a moist lining for dissolving gases
- very thin walls
- a good blood supply
why do alveoli have a moist lining
for dissolving gases
what is the small intestine covered in
villi
what do villi do
increase the surface area in a big way so that digested food is absorbed much more quickly into the blood
3 features of villi
- large surface area
- good blood supply
- a single layer of surface cells
which 3 places are large food molecules broken down into smaller ones
the mouth, stomach and small intestine
by what 2 methods does digested food move into the blood by
diffusion and active transport
what are the 2 types of cells
prokaryotic and eukaryotic
what are eukaryotic cells
they are complex cells
2 examples of eukaryotic cells
animal and plant cells
what does the nucleus contain
genetic material (DNA) and controls the cells activities
what is the cytoplasm
gel like substance where most of the chemical reactions happen
what does the cytoplasm contain and what do they do
enzymes that control these chemical reactions
what does the cell membrane do
holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out of the cell
what do mitochondria do
these are where most of the reactions for aerobic respiration take place
what is respiration
it transfers energy that the cell needs to work
what are ribosomes
these are where proteins are made in the cell
what 3 extra features does a plant cell have than an animal cell
vacuole, cell wall, chloroplasts
