Topic 1 Flashcards
refers to the branch of chemistry that deals with the application of chemical theories and principles in the solution of legal problems in relation to the administration of justice.
Forensic Chemistry
Orfila established numerous basic principles of modern toxicology and is probably the first person to conduct experiments on the effects of poisons.
Mathieu Joseph Bonaventure Orfila (1787-1853),
a Spaniard who worked at the University of Paris in the early 19th century, is regarded as the father of modern toxicology.
Mathieu Joseph Bonaventure Orfila (1787-1853),
He pursued a career in medicine, was appointed professor of Medical Jurisprudence and was a professor of Chemistry in the School of Medicine, before serving as the dean of the faculty at the University of Paris.
Mathieu Joseph Bonaventure Orfila (1787-1853),
The first medical textbook printed including pertinent instructions related to medico-legal practice by Spanish physician, Dr. Rafael Genard y Mas a Chief Army Physician, the book entitled “Manual de Medicina Domestica”.
1858
Teaching of forensic medicine was included as an academic subject in the foundation of the School of Medicine of the Real y Pontifica Universidad de Santo Tomas on March 31.
1871
By virtue of the Royal Decree No. 188 of the king of Spain, the position of Medico Titulares was created and made in charge of public sanitation and at the same time medico-legal in the administration of justice.
March 31, 1876
Creation of a committee to study mineral waters of Luzon by Gen. Joaquin Jovellar and Anacleto del Rosario as the chemist.
December 15, 1884
Laboratorio Municipal de Manila was created that has the following functions;
Analysis of:
Food
Water
Materials from standpoint of Public Health and Legal Medicine Specimens for Clinical Purpose
September 13, 1887
Appointment of Anacleto del Rosario as Director
June 17, 1888
Rules regulating the services of “Medico Titulares y Forences”Creation of Laboratorio Medico – legal under Judicial branch of government, under the direction of a physician assisted by a pharmacist – chemist, Ulpiano Rodriguez as first chemist.
1894
Antonio Luna established a clinical laboratory that has the function of Chemical Analysis paralyzed in 1896 because of the revolution.
Medico – legal laboratory was established in the City of Manila and extended at the same time its services to the provinces.
1895
Preservation of the Spanish Forensic Medicine System by the American Civil Government.
1898
Establishment of the first Crime Laboratory by the U.S. Army. First scientific laboratory on the banks of Pasig River under Lt. R.P. Strong, an American who took charge for 2 years.
1899
Actual scientific work begun under the initiative of Dean C. Worcester. Philippine Commission created the provincial, insular and municipal Board of Health, as provided in Act. No. 157, 307 and 308, in the Philippines and assigned to the respective inspectors and presidents of the same, medico – legal duties of the ― Medico Titulares of the Spanish regime. The Philippine Legislature maintained the pre– existing medico – legal system in full force in the Administrative Code.
1901
Bureau of Government Laboratories (BGL) was created by virtue of Act No. 156 by the Civil Commission, and its purpose is to;
Perform biological and chemical analysis
Reproduction of vaccines and sera
Dr. Paul C. Freer became the first director on June 21 but assumed position on September 21.
July 1, 1901
The University of the Philippines created the Department of Legal Medicine and Ethics with the head having salary of Php. 4,000.00 per annum, half – time basis, with Dr. Sixto de Los Angeles as the chief.
1919
The head of the Department of Legal Medicine and Ethics became the Chief of the Medico – legal department of the Philippine General Hospital without pay.
January 10, 1922
The Philippine Legislature enacted Act. No. 1043 which is incorporated in the Administrative Code as Section 2465 provides that the Department of Legal Medicine, University of the Philippines, became branch of the Department of Justice.
March 10, 1922
Legal Medicine as branch of the DOJ and at the same time an integral part of UP under Act No. 3043.
October 14, 1924
Commonwealth Act. No. 181 was passed creating the Division of Investigation under the Department of Justice. The Medico – Legal Section was made an integral part of the Division with Dr. Gregorio T. Lantin as the chief.
December 10, 1937
Department of Legal Medicine was Abolished and was turned over to the medico – legal section of the DI.
March 31, 1938
The Department of Legal Medicine of the College of Medicine, University of the Philippines was abolished and its functions were transferred to the Medico – Legal Section of the Division of Investigation under the Department of Justice.
March 3, 1939
Philippine Constabulary having its own medico – legal office with chemical laboratory assisting in the investigation of crimes within their jurisdiction.
October 1939
President Jose P. Laurel consolidated by E.O. all different Law Enforcing Agencies.
Creation of the Bureau of Investigation (NBI) on May 8, 1944 under R.A. 157.
July 4, 1942
Ballistics, Photography and Fingerprint record unit was changed to Criminal Laboratory branch of the Constabulary headed by Capt. Agapit Figueroa.
1947
Republic Act. No. 157, creating the Bureau of Investigation was passed.
June 1947
Republic Act No. 409 which was later amended by Republic Act No. 1934 provides for the creation of the Office of the Medical Examiners and Criminal Investigation Laboratory under the Police Department
of the City of Manila.
June 18, 1949
Medico – legal section was created under Col. Jesus T. Mendoza and new sections are added like;
Mobile Unit
Lie Detection Section
Physical Identification Section
1951
Technical Laboratory branch got its independent status designed as Philippine Constabulary Forensic Laboratory.
Philippine Constabulary Laboratory soon became the PNP Crime Laboratory with the abolition of the
Philippine Constabulary.
1959
Presidential Decree No. 856 was promulgated, and provides the following:
1. Person authorized to perform autopsies: a) health officers, b) medical officers of law enforcement agencies, and c) members of the medical staff of accredited hospitals.
December 23, 1975
