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Science Topic 1 - 12 > Topic 1 > Flashcards

Topic 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Why is Scientific knowledge subjected to change?

A

New observations made / new evidence found

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2
Q

What are the steps of the scientific method?

A
  1. Identify problem
  2. Conduct research
  3. Formulate hypothesis
  4. Test hypothesis
  5. Collect data and analyse
  6. Draw conclusion
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3
Q

Defenition of ¨Accuracy¨

A

Closeness of measurement to true value

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4
Q

Defenition of ¨Precision¨

A

Closeness of agreement between meausred values

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5
Q

SI unit for length, mass, time, temperature, electric current?

A

Metre(m), kilogram(kg), second(s), kelvin(K), ampere(A)

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6
Q

Prefixes(e.g micro), and their standard form

A

Micro- 1x10-6
Milli- 1x10-3
Deci- 1x10-2
Centi-1x10-1
Kilo-1x103
Mega-1x106

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7
Q

Parts of a bunsen burner and their functions

A
  1. Barrel- raise height of flame for burning
  2. Collar- regulate air entering
  3. Gas get- enable gas to escape gas supply and draw in air
  4. Air hole- allow air to enter
  5. Gas tap- control flow of gas
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8
Q

State and explain the characteristics of a non-luminous flame

A

Very hot, steady, blue, produce little soot
There is complete combustion because of excess oxygen

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9
Q

State and explain the characteristics of a luminous flame

A

Not very hot, unstady, orange, produce lots of soot
Incomplete combustion because of limited supply of oxygen

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10
Q

State the different parts of a flame and their colours

A

In top to bottom format:
Complete combustion (colourless)
Partial combustion (blue)
Unburnt gas ( dark blue)

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11
Q

Defenition of ¨length¨

A

Distance between to specific points

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12
Q

How to ensure accurate measurements of length

A

Ensure eye positioned vertically above the mark to prevent parallax error

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13
Q

Why is the tip at the zero mark on a ruler made of metal

A

Prevent wear and tear to ensure accurate measurements from zero mark

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14
Q

Function of internal calipers

A

Measure internal diameter

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15
Q

Function of external calipers

A

Measure external diamter

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16
Q

Precision and parts of digital calipers

A

Precision up to 0.01mm, recorded to 0.1mm

Insider jaw
Outside jaw
Locking screw- ensure jaws do not move
Digital display
Zero button
Scale
Tip- measure depth

17
Q

Precision and parts of digital micrometer screw gauge

A

Precision up to 0.001mm, recorded to 0.01mm
Anvil + spindle- measure diamter
Digital display
Zero button
Scales
Thimble
Ratchet- adjust spindle to be in contact with object

18
Q

Defenition of ¨area¨, and its SI unit

A

Size of a surface
SI unit: m2

19
Q

How to measure area more accurately

A

Use smaller unit square

20
Q

Defenition of ¨volume¨, and its SI unit

A

Amount of space and object takes up
SI unit: m3

21
Q

How to record level of solution in measuring cylinder

A

Place eyes at the same level of the bottom of meniscus, record to precision of half of smallest interval
*For dark coloured solution, read top of meniscus

22
Q

Defenition of ¨mass¨

A

Amount of matter in a substance

23
Q

What instruments are used to measure mass

A

Beam balance or electronic balance

24
Q

What instruments are used to measure mass

A

Beam balance or electronic balance

25
Q

Defenition of ¨weight¨, its SI unit, formula and what instruments are used to measure weight

A

Force of gravity acting on an object
SI unit: newton
w = m x g
Spring balance or compression balance

26
Q

Defenition of ¨density¨, its SI unit, and formula

A

An objects mass per unit volume
SI unit: kg/m3 or g/cm3 (1000kg/m3 = 1g/cm3)
p = m/v

27
Q

Do objects with higher densities float or sink

A

Higher density- sink
Lower density- float

28
Q

Defenition of ¨oscillation¨

A

to and fro movement of bob

29
Q

Defenition of ¨period¨

A

time take for 1 oscillation
T= time taken for x oscillation/x or T2=4π2 x L/g

30
Q

Defenition of ¨frequency¨ and its SI unit

A

Number of oscillations in 1 second\
SI unit: hertz(h)

31
Q

Defenition of ¨amplitude¨

A

Max displacement of bob from its rest position

32
Q
  1. Why starting position of bob is <10 degrees?
  2. Why start counting after few oscillations?
A
  1. Ensure bob won´t swing out of plane
  2. Ensure oscillations are stable
33
Q

What affects/doesn´t affect period of oscillation

A

Mass doesn´t affect
Length affect
Grav. field strenght affects

34
Q

Defenition of ¨rate¨

A

Comparison of 2 physical quantities

35
Q

Defenition of ¨distance¨

A

Total length covered

36
Q

Defenition of ¨displacement¨

A

Straight-line distance covered

37
Q

Defenition of ¨speed¨

A

Rate of change of distance

38
Q

Defenition of ¨velocity¨

A

Rate of change of displacement in a specific direction

Science Topic 1 - 12 (6 decks)

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