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Pharmacy School 2015-16 > Top 50 Closeout Drugs > Flashcards

Top 50 Closeout Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Atorvastatin

A

Lipitor | Statin | Nausea/dyspepsia, myalgia, may increase enzyme levels during LFT (ask if follow-up is scheduled)

Take at night | Avoid grapefruit juice | Lifestyle modifications

*generally well tolerated

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2
Q

Lovastatin

A

Mevacor | Statin | Nausea/dyspepsia, myalgia, may increase enzyme levels during LFT (ask if follow-up is scheduled)

Take at night | Avoid grapefruit juice | Lifestyle modifications

*generally well tolerated

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3
Q

Pravastatin

A

Pravachol | Statin | Nausea/dyspepsia, myalgia, may increase enzyme levels during LFT (ask if follow-up is scheduled)

Take at night | Less reaction with grapefruit | Lifestyle modifications

*generally well tolerated

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4
Q

Simvastatin

A

Zocor | Statin | Nausea/dyspepsia, myalgia, may increase enzyme levels during LFT (ask if follow-up is scheduled)

Take at night | Avoid grapefruit juice

*generally well tolerated

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5
Q

Atenolol

A

Tenormin | Beta-blocker | Hypertension |
Exercise intolerance, sexual dysfunction, fatigue, depression, dizziness

Monitor HR/BP | do not discontinue abruptly | lifestyle modifications (weight, moderate alcohol, exercise, DASH diet, no smoking, low sodium)

*let doctor know if you are feeling tired all of the time

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6
Q

Metoprolol Tartrate

A

Lopressor | Beta-blocker | Hypertension |
Exercise intolerance, sexual dysfunction, fatigue, depression, dizziness

Monitor HR/BP | do not discontinue abruptly | lifestyle modifications (weight, moderate alcohol, exercise, DASH diet, no smoking, low sodium)

*let doctor know if you are feeling tired all of the time

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7
Q

Metoprolol Succinate

A

Toprol XL | Beta-blocker | Hypertension |
Exercise intolerance, sexual dysfunction, fatigue, depression, dizziness

Monitor HR/BP | do not discontinue abruptly | lifestyle modifications (weight, moderate alcohol, exercise, DASH diet, no smoking, low sodium)

*let doctor know if you are feeling tired all of the time

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8
Q

Carvedilol

A

Coreg | Beta-blocker | Hypertension |
Exercise intolerance, sexual dysfunction, fatigue, depression, dizziness

Monitor HR/BP | do not discontinue abruptly | lifestyle modifications (weight, moderate alcohol, exercise, DASH diet, no smoking, low sodium)

*let doctor know if you are feeling tired all of the time

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9
Q

Amlodipine

A

Norvasc | Calcium Channel Blocker | Hypertension| Edema, fatigue, constipation

Monitor BP/HR | dizziness | lifestyle modifications (weight, moderate alcohol, exercise, DASH diet, no smoking, low sodium)

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10
Q

Diltiazem

A

Cardizem, Dilacor, Tiazac | Calcium Channel Blocker | Hypertension| Edema, fatigue, constipation

Monitor BP/HR | dizziness | lifestyle modifications (weight, moderate alcohol, exercise, DASH diet, no smoking, low sodium)

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11
Q

Verapamil

A

Calan, Verelan | Calcium Channel Blocker | Hypertension| Edema, fatigue, constipation

Monitor BP/HR | dizziness | lifestyle modifications (weight, moderate alcohol, exercise, DASH diet, no smoking, low sodium)

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12
Q

Lisinopril

A

Zestril, Prinivil | ACE Inhibitor | Hypertension | Cough, dizziness, rarely angiodema

Monitor electrolytes | hypotension on first dose may be worse if dehydrated | Monitor BP/HR | dizziness | lifestyle modifications (weight, moderate alcohol, exercise, DASH diet, no smoking, low sodium)

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13
Q

Enalapril

A

Vasotec | ACE Inhibitor | Hypertension | Cough, dizziness, rarely angiodema

Monitor electrolytes | hypotension on first dose may be worse if dehydrated | Monitor BP/HR | dizziness | lifestyle modifications (weight, moderate alcohol, exercise, DASH diet, no smoking, low sodium)

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14
Q

Benazepril

A

Lotensin | ACE Inhibitor | Hypertension | Cough, dizziness, rarely angiodema

Monitor electrolytes | hypotension on first dose may be worse if dehydrated | Monitor BP/HR | dizziness | lifestyle modifications (weight, moderate alcohol, exercise, DASH diet, no smoking, low sodium)

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15
Q

Losartan

A

Cozaar | Angiotensin Receptor Blocker | Hypertension | Dizziness, angiodema (rare)

Monitor electrolytes | hypotension on first dose may be worse if dehydrated | Monitor BP/HR | dizziness | lifestyle modifications (weight, moderate alcohol, exercise, DASH diet, no smoking, low sodium)

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16
Q

Olmesartan

A

Benicar | Angiotensin Receptor Blocker | Hypertension | Dizziness, angiodema (rare)

Monitor electrolytes | hypotension on first dose may be worse if dehydrated | Monitor BP/HR | dizziness | lifestyle modifications (weight, moderate alcohol, exercise, DASH diet, no smoking, low sodium)

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17
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide

A

Hydrodiuril, Microzide | Thiazide diuretic | Hypertension | Urination, photosensitivity, rash

Monitor electrolytes | potassium wasting | Monitor BP/HR | dizziness | lifestyle modifications (weight, moderate alcohol, exercise, DASH diet, no smoking, low sodium)

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18
Q

Chlorthalidone

A

Hygroton | Thiazide diuretic | Hypertension | Urination, photosensitivity, rash

Monitor electrolytes | potassium wasting | Monitor BP/HR | dizziness | lifestyle modifications (weight, moderate alcohol, exercise, DASH diet, no smoking, low sodium)

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19
Q

Furosemide

A

Lasix | Loop diuretic | Hypertension | Urination, photosensitivity, rash

Monitor electrolytes | potassium wasting | Monitor BP/HR | dizziness | lifestyle modifications (weight, moderate alcohol, exercise, DASH diet, no smoking, low sodium)

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20
Q

Triamterene/hydrochlorothiazide

A

Maxzide, Dyazide | Potassium sparing diuretic | Hypertension | Urination, photosensitivity, rash

Monitor electrolytes | potassium sparing | Monitor BP/HR | dizziness | lifestyle modifications (weight, moderate alcohol, exercise, DASH diet, no smoking, low sodium)

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21
Q

Spironolactone

A

Aldactone | Potassium sparing diuretic | Hypertension | Urination, photosensitivity, rash

Monitor electrolytes | potassium sparing | Monitor BP/HR | dizziness | lifestyle modifications (weight, moderate alcohol, exercise, DASH diet, no smoking, low sodium)

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22
Q

Warfarin

A

Coumadin | Vitamin K Antagonist/Anticoagulant | Thrombosis/Embolism | INR too high you will bleed, too low you will clot

Consistent diet but avoid foods high in vitamin K | Avoid NSAIDs | Watch drug, food and herb interactions | keep ALL INR appointments

*Warfarin interacts with many drugs so encourage patient to talk to provider about any new medications at once

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23
Q

Clopidogrel

A

Plavix | Antiplatelet | Atrial Fibrillation | Increased risk of bleed, rash, pruritus

Avoid use with omeprazole (ask provider first)

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24
Q

Metformin

A

Glucophage | Biguanide | Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus | N/V, diarrhea, flatulence

Monitor AIC, renal function | lifestyle modifications | unlikely to cause hypoglycemia

*if side effects do not reside, talk with doctor about changing dosing

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25
Q

Regular Insulin

A

Humulin R, Novolin R | Insulin | Type 1 or 2 Diabetes Mellitus | Hypoglycemia, weight gain

Encourage home BG monitoring | Ensure patient knows what to do if hypoglycemic | Proper pen/vial technique and storage

*ask patient if they are aware of signs of low BG

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26
Q

Lispro

A

Humalog | Insulin | Type 1 or 2 Diabetes Mellitus | Hypoglycemia, weight gain

Encourage home BG monitoring | Ensure patient knows what to do if hypoglycemic | Proper pen/vial technique and storage

*ask patient if they are aware of signs of low BG

**rapid acting

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27
Q

Aspart

A

Novolog | Insulin | Type 1 or 2 Diabetes Mellitus | Hypoglycemia, weight gain

Encourage home BG monitoring | Ensure patient knows what to do if hypoglycemic | Proper pen/vial technique and storage

*ask patient if they are aware of signs of low BG

**rapid acting

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28
Q

Glargine

A

Lantus | Insulin | Type 1 or 2 Diabetes Mellitus | Hypoglycemia, weight gain

Encourage home BG monitoring | Ensure patient knows what to do if hypoglycemic | Proper pen/vial technique and storage

*ask patient if they are aware of signs of low BG

**long-acting (24hrs)

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29
Q

Cyclobenzaprine

A

Flexeril | Muscle relaxant | Dry mouth, hypotension, dizziness, sedation

Avoid other CNS depressants | Avoid abrupt withdrawal if taken regularly

*make sure patient knows to take only as needed

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30
Q

Tizanidine

A

Zanaflex | Muscle relaxant | Dry mouth, hypotension, dizziness, sedation

Avoid other CNS depressants | Avoid abrupt withdrawal if taken regularly

*make sure patient knows to take only as needed

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31
Q

Tramadol

A

Ultram | Analgesic | Pain | Sedation, constipation, risk of abuse

Abuse/dependence | Avoid other CNS depressants | Watch APAP max dosing (4000mg)

*not an opioid but acts like one

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32
Q

Oxycodone IR

A

OxyIR | Opioid Analgesic | Pain | Sedation, constipation, risk of abuse

Abuse/dependence | Avoid other CNS depressants | Watch APAP max dosing (4000mg)

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33
Q

Oxycodone CR

A

Oxycontin | Opioid Analgesic | Pain | Sedation, constipation, risk of abuse

Abuse/dependence | Avoid other CNS depressants | Watch APAP max dosing (4000mg)

34
Q

Oxycodone/APAP

A

Percocet | Opioid Analgesic | Pain | Sedation, constipation, risk of abuse

Abuse/dependence | Avoid other CNS depressants | Watch APAP max dosing (4000mg)

35
Q

Hydrocodon/APAP

A

Norco, Lortab, Vicodin | Opioid Analgesic | Pain | Sedation, constipation, risk of abuse

Abuse/dependence | Avoid other CNS depressants | Watch APAP max dosing (4000mg)

36
Q

Fentanyl Patch

A

Duragesic | Opioid Analgesic | Pain | Sedation, constipation, risk of abuse

Abuse/dependence | Avoid other CNS depressants | Watch APAP max dosing (4000mg)

  • dispose in toilet after folding
  • *do not use heating blankets or hot pads
  • **exercise may increase absorption
  • ***can shower with patch on
  • **place on upper body, rotate sites
37
Q

Fluoxetine

A

Prozac | SSRI | Depression | Nausea, headache, restlessness

Do not discontinue abruptly | AM or PM depending on how it affects individual patient (fluoxetine generally taken in AM) | can increase suicidal ideation | may take up to 6 weeks to see full effects | most cause sexual dysfunction

*potential increased risk of bleeds in those on anticoagulants

38
Q

Paroxetine

A

Paxil | SSRI | Depression | Nausea, headache, restlessness

Do not discontinue abruptly | AM or PM depending on how it affects individual patient | can increase suicidal ideation | may take up to 6 weeks to see full effects | most cause sexual dysfunction

*potential increased risk of bleeds in those on anticoagulants

39
Q

Sertralien

A

Zoloft | SSRI | Depression | Nausea, headache, restlessness

Do not discontinue abruptly | AM or PM depending on how it affects individual patient | can increase suicidal ideation | may take up to 6 weeks to see full effects | most cause sexual dysfunction

*potential increased risk of bleeds in those on anticoagulants

40
Q

Citalopram

A

Celexa | SSRI | Depression | Nausea, headache, restlessness

Do not discontinue abruptly | AM or PM depending on how it affects individual patient | can increase suicidal ideation | may take up to 6 weeks to see full effects | most cause sexual dysfunction

*potential increased risk of bleeds in those on anticoagulants

41
Q

Bupropion

A

Wellbutrin, Zyban (smoking cessation) | NE and Dopamine reuptake inhibitor | depression | dry mouth, insomnia, agitation, headache, weight loss, tachycardia

Do not discontinue abruptly | AM or PM depending on how it affects individual patient | can increase suicidal ideation | may take up to 6 weeks to see full effects

Less sexual dysfunction | CI in seizure disorder (if taking over 300mg)

42
Q

Venlafaxine

A

Effexor | SNRI | Depression | HTN, increased sweating as result of HTN

Titrate to minimize SE | Do not discontinue abruptly | AM or PM depending on how it affects individual patient | can increase suicidal ideation | may take up to 6 weeks to see full effects | increased risk of bleeding in those taking anticoagulant

43
Q

Lorazepam

A

Ativan | Benzodiazepine | Anxiety | anterograde amnesia, somnolence/dizziness, abuse/withdrawal

Avoid other CNS depressants | if taken regularly, taper off slowly | prn

44
Q

Alprazolam

A

Xanax | Benzodiazepine | Anxiety | anterograde amnesia, somnolence/dizziness, abuse/withdrawal

Avoid other CNS depressants | if taken regularly, taper off slowly | prn

45
Q

Zolpidem

A

Ambien | Sedative/hypnotic | insomnia | daytime somnolence, dizziness, parasomnias

Take right before bed | plan for full 8 hours of sleep | potential dependence

46
Q

Methylphenidate

A

Ritalin, Concerta | CNS stimulant | ADHD | Nausea, loss of appetite, insomnia/irritability, HA

Monitor BP/HR (height and weight for kids) | Potential for dependency and abuse | ask about follow-up appointments | patient will need new Rx for more

47
Q

Amphetamine Salt Combination (Dextroamphetamine/Amphetamine)

A

Adderall | CNS stimulant | ADHD | Nausea, loss of appetite, insomnia/irritability, HA

Monitor BP/HR (height and weight for kids) | Potential for dependency and abuse | ask about follow-up appointments | patient will need new Rx for more

48
Q

Gabapentin

A

Neurontin | Antiepileptic | Seizures | Drowsiness/sedation, dizziness, edema, ataxia, “fuzzy headed” at increased doses

Various indications | caution with other CNS depressants

49
Q

Albuterol HFA

A

ProAir, Ventolin, Proventil | SABA | Asthma | HA, tremor, shakiness, tachycardia, lightheadedness

Instruct on inhalation technique | for rescue! | if using more than 2x/week reevaluate therapy

50
Q

Fluticasone HFA

A

Flovent | Corticosteroid | Asthma | Thrush/URI, cough/hoarseness, HA

Rinse mouth after every use | use every day | instruct on proper inhalation technique

51
Q

Fluticasone + Salmeterol

A

Advair | Corticosteroid + LABA | Asthma | Thrush/URI, cough/hoarseness, HA

Rinse mouth after every use | use every day | instruct on proper inhalation technique

52
Q

Tiotropium

A

Spiriva Handihaler | Anticholinergic | COPD | Dry mouth, cough/hoarseness, bitter taste, URI

Instruct on proper technique

53
Q

Ipratoprium/Albuterol

A

Combivent Respimat | Anticholinergic | COPD | Dry mouth, cough/hoarseness, bitter taste, URI

Instruct on proper technique

54
Q

Prednisone

A

Deltasone | Oral Corticosteroid | Asthma/COPD | Insomnia/agitation, fluid retention, can increase BG and BP at high doses

Take early in the day | sometimes taper dose | typically take tablets together

55
Q

Triamcinolone

A

Kenalog | Topical corticosteroid | Allergic rhinitis | skin atrophy, burning, contact dermatitis

Apply sparingly | do not occlude unless instructed to | do not use longer than 10-14 days to avoid AE (unless told otherwise)

56
Q

Amoxicillin

A

Amoxil, Trimox | Beta-lactam | Infection

Beware of PCN allergy

Take how prescribed and finish whole course | may cause nausea and mild diarrhea; take with food to avoid | predisposed to yeast infection | may interact with oral contraceptives | c.dif risk - use probiotics

57
Q

Amoxicillin w/ Clavulanate

A

Augmentin | Beta-lactam | Infection

Beware of PCN allergy | diarrhea more common

Take how prescribed and finish whole course | may cause nausea and mild diarrhea; take with food to avoid | predisposed to yeast infection | may interact with oral contraceptives | c.dif risk - use probiotics

58
Q

Cephalexin

A

Keflex | Beta-lactam | Infection

Beware of PCN allergy

Take how prescribed and finish whole course | may cause nausea and mild diarrhea; take with food to avoid | predisposed to yeast infection | may interact with oral contraceptives | c.dif risk - use probiotics

59
Q

Ciprofloxacin

A

Cipro | Fluoroquinolone | Infection | tendonopathy (Achilles), photosensitivity, peripheral neuropathy, QT prolongation

Avoid taking with antacids, multivitamins, and dairy products

Take how prescribed and finish whole course | may cause nausea and mild diarrhea; take with food to avoid | predisposed to yeast infection | may interact with oral contraceptives | c.dif risk - use probiotics

60
Q

Doxycycline

A

Vibramycin | Tetracycline | Infection | Photosensitivity, rash

Not for those under 8 due to teeth yellowing | avoid taking mineral supplements and antacids within 2 hours of taking | take with plenty of water, can upset stomach

Take how prescribed and finish whole course | may cause nausea and mild diarrhea; take with food to avoid | predisposed to yeast infection | may interact with oral contraceptives | c.dif risk - use probiotics

61
Q

Clindamicin

A

Cleocin | Lincosamide | Infection | NVD

Take how prescribed and finish whole course | may cause nausea and mild diarrhea; take with food to avoid | predisposed to yeast infection | may interact with oral contraceptives | c.dif risk - use probiotics (DO NOT recommend loperamide)

62
Q

Azithromycin

A

Zithromax | Macrolide | Infection | QT prolongation, GI upset

Take with or without food | Do not take with antacids

Take how prescribed and finish whole course | may cause nausea and mild diarrhea; take with food to avoid | predisposed to yeast infection | may interact with oral contraceptives | c.dif risk - use probiotics

63
Q

Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim

A

Bactrim, Septra | Sulfonamide | Infection | Photosensitivity, rash

Drink lots of floods to avoid crystalluria | potential allergy

Take how prescribed and finish whole course | may cause nausea and mild diarrhea; take with food to avoid | predisposed to yeast infection | may interact with oral contraceptives | c.dif risk - use probiotics

64
Q

Polyethylene Glycol

A

GoLytely | Bowel prep osmotic laxative | prior colonoscopy | diarrhea, nausea, increased thirst

Avoid dark colors | do not plan to leave house | read packet of info from prescriber | product only good for 48 hours once water added

65
Q

Latanoprost

A

Xalatan | Prostanoid receptor agonist | elevated intraocular pressure | mild irritation, blurred vision, eyelash growth, iris color change

Show patient how to administer; qd pm

66
Q

Tobramycin

A

Tobrex | Aminoglycoside antibiotic | Ocular infection | mild irritation, blurred vision

Counsel on administration technique

67
Q

Gentramicin

A

Gentak | Aminoglycoside antibiotic | Ocular infection | mild irritation, blurred vision

Counsel on administration technique

68
Q

Erythromycin

A

Romycin, Ilotycin | Aminoglycoside antibiotic | Ocular infection | mild irritation, blurred vision

Counsel on administration technique (ointment)

69
Q

Ethinyl Estradiol/Norgestimate

A

Oral contraceptive | breast tenderness, weight gain, HA/migraine, increased clot risk

Take every day | if miss 2, see insert | start first day of menstrual cycle | no smoking

70
Q

Ethinyl Estradiol/levonorgestrel

A

Amethia, Oral Orsythia, Lutera | contraceptive | breast tenderness, weight gain, HA/migraine, increased clot risk

Take every day | if miss 2, see insert | start first day of menstrual cycle | no smoking

71
Q

Ethinyl Estradiol/norethindrone

A

Oral contraceptive | breast tenderness, weight gain, HA/migraine, increased clot risk

Take every day | if miss 2, see insert | start first day of menstrual cycle | no smoking

72
Q

Ethinyl Estradiol/drosperinone

A

Zarah, Ocella, Yasmin, Yaz | Oral contraceptive | breast tenderness, weight gain, HA/migraine, increased clot risk

Take every day | if miss 2, see insert | start first day of menstrual cycle | no smoking

73
Q

Acyclovir

A

Zovirax | Antiviral | Herpes, Varicella | up to 5x/day | malaise, headache, NVD

Works best at first sign of outbreak | fluid intake | with or without food

74
Q

Valacyclovir

A

Zovirax | Antiviral | Herpes, Varicella, HIV | bid-tid | malaise, headache, NVD

Works best at first sign of outbreak | fluid intake | with or without food

75
Q

Alendronate

A

Fosamax | bisphosphonate | 1x/week for osteoporosis | NV, heartburn, atypical femur fracture (rare) and osteonecrosis of jaw (rare)

Take on empty stomach with full glass of water in morning | avoid lying down for 30 minutes (heartburn) | calcium and vitamin D

76
Q

Levothyroxine

A

Synthroid, Levoxyl | Thyroid hormone replacement | no SE if euthyroid; if dose too high, tachycardia, sweating and weight loss

Take on empty stomach | monitor TSH | take in morning

77
Q

Tamsulosin

A

Flomax | Alpha-blocker | BPH | dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, fatigue, HA

Monitor BP

78
Q

Sildenafil

A

Viagra | Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor | ED | HA, flushing, color vision change, dyspepsia, priapism

CI with nitrates | limit 1 dose/day

79
Q

Vardenafil

A

Levitra | Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor | ED | HA, flushing, color vision change, dyspepsia, priapism

CI with nitrates | limit 1 dose/day

80
Q

Tadalafil

A

Cialis | Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor | ED | HA, flushing, color vision change, dyspepsia, priapism

CI with nitrates | limit 1 dose/day

*take 30-60 minutes prior to sex

81
Q

Epinephrine Pen

A

EpiPen, Adrenaclick, AuviQ | Epinephrine

Tell patients to get comfortable with technique | still need to seek medical attention | always keep on hand and check expiration date

Pharmacy School 2015-16 (34 decks)

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