Top 3 - Infection and Response Flashcards
How does bacteria make us feel ill?
Bacteria produces toxins (poisons) which damage your cells and tissues.
Give one way that fungi can cause disease.
By penetrating the human skin.
Symptoms of Gonorrhoea.
Pain when urinating
Thick yellow or green discharge from penis or vagina
Destroying Vectors is?
Getting rid of the organism that causes the disease it will stop spread of it. For example killing a insect with insecticide or destroying their habitat.
What does the stomach produce to combat pathogens?
The stomach produces hydrochloric acid.
Three ways WBC can defend against pathogens.
Consume them then digest them - Phagocytosis
Produce antibodies to specifically target new pathogens
Produce Antitoxins to counter act toxins
Why is it difficult to produce a drug that doesn’t damage too many body tissues?
Because viruses reproduce using your body cells which makes it very difficult to develop new drugs that destroy just the virus without killing the body’s cells.
What two main things are tested on in preclinical drug tests?
Test the drug on human cells and tissues
Test the drug on live animals
What is a monoclonal antibody.
A monoclonal antibody is an antibody that are produced from lots of clones of a single WBC. This means all the antibodies are identical and will only ever target one specific protein antigen.
What do plants use magnesium ions for?
It is needed for making chlorophyll
One identification of a diseased plant
Spots on the leaves.
What are physical, chemical and mechanical defences?
Physical is more cell based like the waxy cuticle providing a barrier to stop pathogens entering
Chemical is chemical based like poison in a foxglove
Mechanical is more the plants physiology like thorns on a rose.
