Top 2 - Organisation Flashcards
What is a tissue?
A tissue is a group of similar cells that work together to carry out a particular function.
Explain what is meant by the term ‘organ system’
An organ system is a group of organs working together.
Why can enzymes be described as biological catalysts?
Enzymes reduce the need for high temperatures and we only have enzymes to speed up the useful chemical reactions in the body.
What does it mean when an enzyme is ‘denatured’?
This is the changing of the shape of the active site in the enzyme, so the substrate won’t fit anymore.
What is amylase?
An enzyme, found in saliva and pancreatic fluid, that converts starch and glycogen into simple sugars.
List three place where amylase is made in the human body.
Pancreas
Salivary Glands
Small intestine
What is the role of lipase’s?
They break down Glycerol and Fatty Acids
Where is bile stored?
Gall Bladder
Name the solution you use to test for the presence of lipids in a food sample.
Sudan 3 stain solution
What colour will the iodine go in the 2cm³ food solution
when starch is present?
Bluey-Black
How do you test for sugars?
Get your 2cm³ of food solution and add 10 drops Benedict solution and if sugar is present it will turn depending on the amount of sugar, green (little), yellow (more) and brick red (a lot).
Name the tubes that split off from the trachea.
Bronchioles, then Bronchi
Why does the heart have valves?
The heart has valves to prevent the back flow and blood.
Four cambers of the heart.
Right Atrium, Right Ventricle, Left Atrium, Left Ventricle.
How does your hearts PaceMaker work?
A group of cells in the right atrium wall act as the PaceMaker and send out small electrical impulses which the spread to the surrounding muscle cells and makes them contract.
Why do red blood cells not have a nucleus?
RBC do not have a nucleus because it is unnecessary and they need as much room inside them as they can for haemoglobin and therefore oxygen.
What is a statin and what is an advantage of them?
A statin is a drug that can reduce the amount of ‘bad’ cholesterol present in the bloodstream. They will slow down fat deposits forming.
Give an example of where different type of diseases might interact in the body.
In the bloodstream.
List the tissues that make up a leaf.
Epidermal Tissue Palisade Mesophyll Spongy Mesophyll Xylem Phloem Meristem Tissue
Function of Xylem and Phloem
Phloem = Food Xylem = Water
Define Transpiration
The passage of water through a plant from the roots through the system of a plant into to the atmosphere.
What four things effect Transpiration?
Light intensity
CO2 levels in atmosphere around plant
Temperature
Humidity
How do you measure the rate of Transpiration?
Chop half of the stem of a plant at a 45° angle and leave in water beaker to count the bubbles produced from the stem for 5 mins recording the number at 1 min intervals, with a light directed at the beaker.
