Top 200 drugs Flashcards
Kinrix
DTaP / IPV vaccine
Vimovo
Naproxen + esomeprazole
Giazo
Balsalazide
Mild UC tx
Tablet
Induction: Approved in males only 3.3 (3x1.1 g tablets) PO BID for up to 8 weeks
CI: Salicylate allergy
Warning: Gastric retention (due to pyloric stenosis) can delay release of the drug in the colon, acute intolerance syndrome, caution in patients with renal and hepatic impairment
SE: HA, abdominal pain, N/V/D
Monitoring: Renal fct, LFT, sx of IBD
Colazal capsules can be opened and sprinkled on applesauce, beads are not coated, so mixture can be chewed if needed , when used this way, it can cause staining of the teeth/tongue
Mevacor
Lovastatin
Hypercholesterolemia
20-80 mg with evening meal
CI: liver dx, pregnancy, breastfeeding, CYP3A4 inhibitor
Warning: rhabdomyolysis (higher with dose, age, renal impairment, inhibitor), hepatotoxicity, hyperglycemia
SE: muscle pain, diarrhea, cognitive impairment
Monitoring: LFT, lipid panel every 3 months then annually
Osmitrol
Mannitol
For hemorrhagic stroke
Deltasone
Prednisone
Steroid for the flare episodes in UC/CD tx
Tablet
5-60 mg QD
CI: Infections, live vaccines
SE: Short-term: ↑ appetite, weight gain, Fluid retention, Insomnia, Emotional instability, GI, ↑ BG and BP
Long-term: Adrenal suppression (Cushing’s syndrome), Immunosuppression, BG, BP, Cataracts, Osteoporosis
ADT (alternate day therapy) ↓ adrenal suppression
If > 2 weeks => taper to avoid withdrawal sx
If LT require => bone density, Vitamin D and Ca, Biphosphonate
Andexxa
Andexanet alpha
Antidote for Factor Xa inhibitors Eliquis and Xarelto
Bydureon
Exenatide ER GLP-1 agonist 2 mg SC once weekly Not in ESRD or CrCl < 30 BB: thyroid cancer CI in thyroid or endocrine cancer Warnings: pancreatitis, serious injection reaction, not recommended if severe GI disorder SE: nausea, weight loss
Veltassa
Patiromer
Non absorbed cation exchange resin used in hyperkalemia
Powder for oral suspension
8.4 g PO QD Max 25.2 g/day
Warnings: Can worsen GI motility, Hypomagnesemia, Bind other medication => 3h before or after
SE: N/V/C
Monitoring: K, Mg
Store powder in the fridge, max 3 months at room temp
Durlaza
Aspirin
Anti platelet aggregation
Caspule ER do not crush
Soltamox
Tamoxifen
SERM used in breast cancer
20 mg PO QD
BB: ↑ risk of uterine or endometrial cancers, ↑ risk of thromboembolic events such as VTE, PE, stroke
CI: Do not use with warfarin, hx of DVT/PE
SE: DVT/PE, menopausal symptoms, hot flashes, flushing, edema, weight gain, hypertension, mood changes, amenorrhea, vaginal bleeding/discharge
Not recommended in pregnancy and breast feeding
Bethkis
Tobramycin inhalation solution
Chronic pulmonary infection in CF
300 mg / 4 ml ampule single use
300 mg via nebulizer BID (28 days on/28 days off)
SE: Ototoxicity, tinnitus, voice alteration, mouth and throat pain, dizziness, bronchospasm
Do not mix with any other drugs in nebulizer
Pt at least 6 yo
Keep in the fridge / protect from light (pouch)/ room temp for max 28 days
Use with PARI LC Plus nebulizer or De Vilnius Pulmo-aide air compressor
Cafergot
Ergotamine 1 mg + caffeine 100 mg
Migraine
2nd line after triptan
2T at onset then 1 T every 30 min max 6T
BB: do not use with 3A4 inhibitors (life-threatening peripheral vasoconstriction)
CI: cardiac problems, uncontrolled hypertension, renal/ hepatic impairment, MAOI within 2 weeks, serotoninergic within 24hrs
Warnings: cardiovascular effects, cerebrovascular effects, ergotism (severe vasoconstriction with gangrene), severe drug interact
Infanrix
DTaP vaccine
Routine childhood vaccine for kids younger than 7 yo
5 doses: 2,4,6, 12-18 months and 4-6 yo
CI: Encephalopathy within 7 days
Warning: GBS within 6 weeks of previous DTaP vaccine, infantile spasms, uncontrolled seizure
TOBI podhaler
Tobramycin inhalation powder
Chronic pulmonary infection in CF (pseudomonas aeruginosa)
Jantoven
Warfarin
OAC
AFib, VTE Tx/Px, bioprosthetic and mechanical mitral valve, mechanical aortic valve, antiphospholipid syndrome (7 indications)
10 mg QD dor 2 days (after see INR) or 5 mg in specific conditions (elderly, malnourrished, interactions, liver dx, HF, ↑ risk for bleeding)
BB: Major or fatal bleeding
CI: Pregnancy (except with mechanical heart valves at high risk for thromboembolism), hemorrhagic tendencies, blood dyscrasias, uncontrolled HTN, noncompliance, recent or potential surgery of the eye or CNS, major regional lumbar block anesthesia or traumatic surgery resulting in large open surfaces, pericarditis or pericardial effusion, bacterial endocarditis, (pre-)eclampsia, threatened abortion
Warnings: Tissue necrosis/gangrene, HIT (CI as monotherapy in the initial tx of active HIT), systemic atheroemboli and cholesterol microemboli, presence of 2C9*2 or *3 alleles and/or polymorphism of VKORC1 gene may↑ bleeding risk (routine genetic testing is not currently recommended)
SE: Bleeding, skin necrosis, purple toe syndrome
Monitoring: INR: INR 2-3 (target 2.5) for most indications (DVT, Afib, bioprosthetic mitral valve, mechanical aortic valve, antiphospholipid syndrome), INR 2.5-3.5 for mechanical valve (mitral, 2 heart valves) / high risk indications, Measure INR after 2 or 3 initial doses, adjust to reach the goal, When stable and within the goal, monitor INR every 12 weeks (3 months) instead of every month
Hct, Hbg, signs of bleeding
Antidote = vitamin K, dental cleanings and single tooth extraction do not generally require a change in warfarin dosing, if INR is in therapeutic range
Activase
Alteplase
Fibrinolytic for ischemic stroke management
0.9 mg/kg (max 90 mg); give 10% of the dose as a bolus over 1 mon than infuse remainder over 60 min
Dosing différent for MI and PE
Fibrinolytic for STEMI when PCI not possible
100 mg IV (15 mg bolus + 50 mg over 30 min + 35 mg over 1h)
Humira
Adalimumab
Anti-TNF alpha (RA, UC, CD)
BB: serious infection including TB, cancer
CI: active infection
Warnings: demyelination, seizure, HepB reactivation, hepatotoxicity, DILE, do not use with other DMARDS or live vaccines
Fragmin
Dalteparin
AC (parenteral)
Ascriptin
Aspirin
Anti platelet aggregation
Canasa
Mesalamine
Suppository
Mild UC tx
Induction: 1 g rectally QHS, retain for at least 1-3 hrs
CI: Hypersensitivity to salicylates or aminosalicylates
Warnings: Acute intolerance syndrome (cramping, acute abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea), caution in patient with renal or hepatic impairment, delayed gastric retention (due to pyloric stenosis), can delay release of oral products in the colon, hypersensitivity reactions (including myocarditis, pericarditis, nephritis, hematologic abnormalities and other internal organ damage), more likely with sulfasalazine than mesalamine, ↑ risk of blood dyscrasias in patients > 65 yo
Apriso contains phenylalanine, do not use in patients with PKU
Rowasa enema contains potassium bisulfite, a sulfite that may cause an allergic-type reaction
SE: Abdominal pain, nausea, HA, flatulence, eructation, pharyngitis
Monitoring: Renal fct, CBC, sx of IBD
Mesalamine is better tolerated than other aminosalicylates
Rectal mesalamine is more effective than oral mesalamine and rectal steroids for distal dx/proctitis in UC, can use oral and topical formulation together
Swallow capsules and tablets whole, do not crush, chew or break due to delayed-release coating
Apriso: do not use with antacids (dissolution pH-dependent)
Genvoya
Elvitegravir + cobicistat + emtricitabine + tenofovir alafenamide
NP thyroid
Thyroid desiccated USP
Aloprim
Allopurinol Gout (chronic urate lowering therapy) Tablet and injection 100 mg QD titrage slowly to UA 6mg/dL (>300 mg divided dose Renal adj Warnings: hypersensitivity (HLA-B*5801 asian), hepatotoxicity, myelosuppression SE: rash, N/V/D Monitor: CBC, LFT, renal fct
Truvada
Emtricitabine 200 mg + Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 300 mg
Used in Preexposure Px
Nature-Thyroid
Thyroid desiccated
Maxalt
Rizatriptan
Zerit
Stavudine
HIV / NRTI
Capsule, Oral solution (30 days in fridge, Shake well)
≥ 60 kg: 40 mg PO BID, < 60 kg: 30 mg PO BID
Renal adj CrCl≤50
BB: Pancreatitis (sometimes fatal) has occurred during combination therapy with didanosine
Warnings: Neurologic Sx including motor weakness (mimic Guillain-barre syndrome) and hepatotoxicity
SE: HA, N/V/D, peripheral neuropathy (reversible), ↑ LFT, hyperbilirubinemia, lipoatrophy, pancreatitis, insulin resistance/diabetes, hyperlipidemia
Monitoring: LFT, renal fct, Sx peripheral neuropathy, lipids
Avoid stavudine / didanosine combination ↑ risk of peripheral neuropathy, pancreatitis, lactic acidosis
Do not combine with zidovudine, antagonist reaction as both are thymidine analogd: d4T and AZT
Lipoatrophy: stavudine > zidovudine > other NRTIs
Vytorin
Ezetimibe + simvastatin
10/10, 10/20, 10/40, 10/80
Take in the evening (with or without food)
CRCl< 60, do not use more than 20 mg of simvastatin
Adacel
Tdap vaccine
1 dose if no record of DTaP
+ no full program DTaP, pregnancy (each), child-care providers, healthcare provider
Sitavig
Acyclovir
Antiviral agent used in Herpes labialis
Buccal tablets 50 mg
Single dose (50 mg) apply on gum region
Warning: TTP/HUS (Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura / hemolytic uremic syndrome) in immunocompromised PTs, nephrotoxicity
SE: N/V/D, Seizure, neutropenia, rash, pruritus
Edurant
Rilpivirine
HIV / NNRTI
CI: Concurrent use of PPIs, rifampin, rifapentine, carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, St John’s wort, dexamethasone (more than a single dose)
Warning: QT prolongation, serious skin reaction, multiorgan hypersensitivity reaction (DRESS), depressive disorders, hepatotoxicity
SE: Depressive disorders, mood changes, insomnia, HA, rash
Monitoring: LFT, rash, lipids, CNS effects, QT
Higher rate of failure with viral load > 100,000 copies / ml and /or CD4+ counts < 200 cell/mm2 at tx initiation
Protein supplement drinks should not be substituted for normal to high calorie meal (does not ↑ rilpivirine absorption)
Cortifoam
Hydrocortisone react foam UC Tx (Flares)
Cayston
Aztreonam inhalation solution
Chronic pulmonary infection in CF (pseudomonas aeruginosa)
Remicade
Infliximab
Anti-TNF alpha (RA, UC, CD)
BB: serious infection including TB, cancer
CI: active infection
Warnings: demyelination, seizure, HepB reactivation, hepatotoxicity, DILE, do not use with other DMARDS or live vaccines
Biktarvy
Bictegravir + emtricitabine + tenofovir alafenamide
HIV tx
Symdeko
Tezacaftor + Ivakaftor
Tezacaftor = CFTR Modulator - increase number of channels on cell surface
Ventavis
Iloprost
Prostacyclin analogue used in PAH
Dipentum
Olsalazine Mild UC tx Capsule Maintenance: 500 mg PO BID with food CI: Salicylate allergy SE: Diarrhea, abdominal pain Monitoring: CBC, LFT, renal fct, sx of IBD
Epivir
Lamivudine
HIV / NRTI
BB: Do not use Epivir-HBV (lower dose / 100 mg) => HIV resistance, Exacerbation of HBV when discontinue in HBV pt
SE: HA, N/V/D, Fatigue, Insomnia, Myalgia, ↑ LFT
Monitoring: LFTs, Renal function, HBV status
Savaysa
Edoxaban
OAC
Afib, VTE Tx (2 indications)
Quadracel
DTaP / IPV vaccine
Give IM
Store in fridge, shake before administration
Part of the série for DTaP (5 doses at 2,4,6,12-18 months, and 4-6 y) and IPV (4 doses at 2,4,6-18 months, and 4-6y)
Duzallo
Allopurinol + lesinurad
Gout, association of XOI and uricosuric (↑ uric acid elimination by ↓ its reabsorption in kidneys / always used in combination with XOI)
Ecotrin
Aspirin
Anti platelet aggregation
Havrix
Hepatitis A vaccine
2 doses (12 months and 6-18 months later)
Routine childhood vaccination or adult with high risk
Krystexxa
Pegloticase Gout (chronic urate lowering therapy)
Gilenya
Fingolimod
Oral immunomodulator used in MS (Multiple sclerosis)
Capsule
Can cause bradycardia => pt must be monitored for at least 6h after the 1st dose (ECG required at baseline and at the end of initial observation period or if tx course is interrupted, CI in most patients with Hx of CVD or stroke, Caution with other drugs that ↓ HR
Other significant AE: macular edema (monitor with eye exam), hepatotoxicity (monitor LFT), myelosuppression (monitor CBC)
Tirosint
Levothyroxine 1.6 mcg/kg/day (IBW) for healthy adults Elderly: 20-25% less: < 1mcg/kg/day CAD: 12.5-25mcg/day BB: not for obesity CI: uncorrected adrenal insufficiency Warning: low dose in CAD, osteoporosis SE: none if euthyroid (hyper or hypo) Monitor: TSH, Sx, FT4 in pregnancy, central hypothyroidism
PredniSONE Intensol
Prednisone oral solution
For UC/CD Tx
Emtriva
Emtricitabine
HIV / NRTI
200 mg PO QD (capsule)
240 mg PO QD (oral solution)
Renal adj: CrCl<50
Oral solution should be in the fridge or 3 months max at room temp
BB: exacerbation HepB when D/C, Truvada combination with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate used for Px => HIV test negative before start Tx and every 3 months confirmation
Pacerone
Amiodarone
Antiarrhythmic class III
VF, VT with/without pulse, ventricular arrhythmia, AFib (cardioversion/NSR)
BB: proarrhytmic, pulmonary toxicity, hepatotoxicity, LD in hospital
CI: iodine sensitivity, bradycardia, cardiogenic shock
Warning: thyroid, visual, neuropathy, blue skin, SKS/TEN
Monitor: cardio (HR, BP, ECG, electrolytes), thyroid, lungs, LFTs, eyes
Uceris
Budesonide tablet 6 mg (or rectal foam) UC tx (flares))
Ziagen
Abacavir
HIV / NRTI
300 mg BID or 600 mg QD
Renal adj CrCl <15
BB: hypersensitivity reactions (warning card), test HLA*B5701
CI: previous hypersensitivity, liver impairment
Warning: higher risk MI
Tivicay
Dolutegravir + emtricitabine
HIV / INSTI
25 mg
Lialda
Mesalamine
ER tablet
Mild UC tx
Induction: 2.4-4.8 g PO QD
Maintenance: 2.4 PO QD
CI: Hypersensitivity to salicylates or aminosalicylates
Warnings: Acute intolerance syndrome (cramping, acute abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea), caution in patient with renal or hepatic impairment, delayed gastric retention (due to pyloric stenosis), can delay release of oral products in the colon, hypersensitivity reactions (including myocarditis, pericarditis, nephritis, hematologic abnormalities and other internal organ damage), more likely with sulfasalazine than mesalamine, ↑ risk of blood dyscrasias in patients > 65 yo
Apriso contains phenylalanine, do not use in patients with PKU
Rowasa enema contains potassium bisulfite, a sulfite that may cause an allergic-type reaction
SE: Abdominal pain, nausea, HA, flatulence, eructation, pharyngitis
Monitoring: Renal fct, CBC, sx of IBD
Mesalamine is better tolerated than other aminosalicylates
Rectal mesalamine is more effective than oral mesalamine and rectal steroids for distal dx/proctitis in UC, can use oral and topical formulation together
Swallow capsules and tablets whole, do not crush, chew or break due to delayed-release coating
Apriso: do not use with antacids (dissolution pH-dependent)
Lexiva
Fosamprenavir
HIV /PI
Simponi
Golimumab
Anti-TNF alpha (RA, UC)
single-dose prefilled syringe or single-dose autoinjector
50 mg monthly SC
BB: serious infection including TB, cancer
CI: active infection
Warnings: demyelination, seizure, HepB reactivation, hepatotoxicity, DILE, do not use with other DMARDS or live vaccines
Viramune
Nevirapine
HIV / NNRTI
Tablet , Oral suspension
200 mg QD 14 days then 200 mg BID (or 400 mg Viramune XR QD)
Require titration (lead-in period) 14 days to ↓ rash and hepatotoxicity / titrate again if stop for > 2 weeks
BB: Hepatotoxicity (liver failure, death) ↑ risk the 1st 6 weeks of therapy but may be seen out to 18 weeks (or more), more common in women and with higher CD4+ counts
Serious skin reaction (SJS/TEN) ↑ risk during the 1st 18 weeks of therapy and intensive monitoring is required
CI: Moderate-to-severe hepatic impairment, use in post exposure prophylaxis regimens
SE: Rash (SJS/TEN), nausea, diarrhea, ↑ LFT
Monitoring: CBC, LFT, Rash
Do not initiate therapy in women with CD4+ > 250 cells/mm3 or in men with CD4+ > 400 cells/mm3 due to ↑ risk of hepatotoxicity
Pentacel DT
DTaP / IPV / Hib vaccine
Xofluza
Baloxavir Influenza tx Viral replication inhibition 40-79 kg: 40 mg PO once From 80 kg: 80 mg PO once
Trulicity
Dulaglitide
GLP-1 agonist (diabetes type 2)
Start 0.75 mg SC once weekly, then ↑ 1.5 mg SC once weekly
Provided with needle in single-dose pen, 14 days at room temperature
BB: Thyroid cancer
CI: Thyroid or endocrine cancer
Warnings: Pancreatitis, serious injection reaction, not recommended in severe GI disorder (including gastroparesis)
SE: Nausea, weight loss
Monitoring: BG, A1C, Renal function
Cortenema
Hydrocortisone enema UC Tx (Flares)
Ozempic
Semaglutide GLP1 agonist BB: thyroid cancer CI: thyroid, endocrin cancer Warnings: pancreatitis, serious injection reaction, not recommended in GI dx
Denavir
Penciclovir
Topical Tx herpes labialis (Rx)
Cream
apply every 2 hours awake for 4 days
Frova
Frovatriptan
CI: cerebrovascular dx, uncontrolled hypertension, ischemic heart dx, within 24 hrs other Tristan or ergotamine product
Warning: BP higher, serotonin syndrome
SE: paresthesia, Triptan sensation
Rowasa
Mesalamine
Enema
Mild UC tx
Induction: 4 g rectally QHS, retain in the rectum overnight, approximately 8 hr
Maintenance: 2 g rectally QHS or 4 g QHS every 2-3 days
CI: Hypersensitivity to salicylates or aminosalicylates
Warnings: Acute intolerance syndrome (cramping, acute abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea), caution in patient with renal or hepatic impairment, delayed gastric retention (due to pyloric stenosis), can delay release of oral products in the colon, hypersensitivity reactions (including myocarditis, pericarditis, nephritis, hematologic abnormalities and other internal organ damage), more likely with sulfasalazine than mesalamine, ↑ risk of blood dyscrasias in patients > 65 yo
Apriso contains phenylalanine, do not use in patients with PKU
Rowasa enema contains potassium bisulfite, a sulfite that may cause an allergic-type reaction
SE: Abdominal pain, nausea, HA, flatulence, eructation, pharyngitis
Monitoring: Renal fct, CBC, sx of IBD
Mesalamine is better tolerated than other aminosalicylates
Rectal mesalamine is more effective than oral mesalamine and rectal steroids for distal dx/proctitis in UC, can use oral and topical formulation together
Swallow capsules and tablets whole, do not crush, chew or break due to delayed-release coating
Apriso: do not use with antacids (dissolution pH-dependent)
Intelence
Etravirine
HIV / NNRTI
Tablet
200 mg BID after meals
Tablets can be dispersed in water to ease administration
SE: Nausea, rash (including SJS/TEN), ↑ cholesterol, LDL, TG, hyperglycemia, ↑ LFT, peripheral neuropathy
Monitoring: LFT, lipids, BG
Typically used in pt who are tx-experienced and have resistance to 1st line ART regimen
Recombivax HB
Hepatitis B vaccination
3 doses (at birth, 1-2 months, 6-18 months)
Routine childhood vaccination, adult with risk
D.H.E. 45
Dihydroergotamine
Migraine
Injection (IV, IM, SC) 1 mg at onset then repeat hourly with max 2 mg / day for IV, 3 mg/day IM, SC and max 6 mg per week
2nd line after triptan
BB: do not use with 3A4 inhibitors (life-threatening peripheral vasoconstriction)
CI: cardiac problems, uncontrolled hypertension, renal/ hepatic impairment, MAOI within 2 weeks, serotoninergic within 24hrs
Warnings: cardiovascular effects, cerebrovascular effects, ergotism (severe vasoconstriction with gangrene), severe drug interact
Nexterone
Amiodarone
Antiarrhythmias class IIII
VF, VT with/without pulse, Ventricular arrhythmias, AFib (cardioversion/NSR)
BB: proarrhytmic, pulmonary toxicity, hepatotoxicity, LD in hospital
CI: iodine sensitivity, bradycardia, cardiogenic shock
Warning: thyroid, visual, neuropathy, blue skin, SKS/TEN
Monitor: cardio (HR, BP, ECG, electrolytes), thyroid, lungs, LFTs, eyes
Byetta
Exenatide GLP-1 agonist BB: thyroid cancer CI: thyroid, endocrin cancer Warnings: pancreatitis, serious injection reaction, not recommended in GI dx
Zurampic
Lesinurad Gout (chronic urate lowering therapy) Always with XOI 200 mg QD BB: acute renal failure if use alone CI: CrCl<30, ESRS, dialyse, kidney dx SE: HA, high SCr, renal failure, kidney stone Monitor: SCr, CrCl
Levalo
Pitavastatin
HMG-CoA resductase inhibitor for hypercholesterolemia
1-4 mg QD
CI: Liver dx, Pregnancy, breastfeeding, CYP3A4 inhibitors (Simvastatin, lovastatin), Cyclosporine (pitavastatin)
Warnings: Rhabdomyolisis (higher with dose, age, inhibitors, renal impairment, hypothyroidism), Hepatotoxicity, Hyperglycemia (↑A1C, FBG)
SE: Muscle pain, Diarrhea, Cognitive impairment
Monitoring: LFT, Lipid panel every 3 months then every year
Arthrotec
Diclofenac + misoprostol
Abelcet
Amphotericin B lipid complex
Antifungal broad spectrum / empiric usage - injection only - bind to ergosterol
5 mg/kg/ day
BB: !!! Conventional, deoxycholate: 0.1-1.5 mg/kg/day do not confuse with liposomal
Kaletra
Lopinavir + ritonavir
HIV / PI
Tablet, oral solution (80 mg lopinavir + 20 mg ritonavir / ml)
Naïve pt: 800 mg lopinavir + 200 mg ritonavir QD (or 400 mg/100 mg BID)
Experienced pt: 400/100 mg BID
Tablet: without regard to meals, swallow whole, store at room temp
Oral solution: with food, refrigerate, stable for 2 months at room temp, contain 42% of alcohol
Warnings: Pancreatitis, hepatotoxicity, QT and / or PR prolongation, caution in patients with CVD due to ↑ risk or MI
SE: N/V/D, abdominal pain, hyperlipidemia (TG), hyperglycemia
Monitoring: LFT, BG, lipids, ECG in at-risk patients
High risk of hyperglycemia, insulin resistance/diabetes (idem for indinavir)
Avoid once daily dosing with carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital or in pregnant women
Common AE for PI: metabolic disorders (Hypercholesterolemia, hyperglycemia, lipohypertrophy) + N/V/D
Apriso
Mesalamine
ER capsules
Mild UC Tx
Maintenance: 1.5 g PO QD
CI: Hypersensitivity to salicylates or aminosalicylates
Warnings: Acute intolerance syndrome (cramping, acute abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea), caution in patient with renal or hepatic impairment, delayed gastric retention (due to pyloric stenosis), can delay release of oral products in the colon, hypersensitivity reactions (including myocarditis, pericarditis, nephritis, hematologic abnormalities and other internal organ damage), more likely with sulfasalazine than mesalamine, ↑ risk of blood dyscrasias in patients > 65 yo
Apriso contains phenylalanine, do not use in patients with PKU
Rowasa enema contains potassium bisulfite, a sulfite that may cause an allergic-type reaction
SE: Abdominal pain, nausea, HA, flatulence, eructation, pharyngitis
Monitoring: Renal fct, CBC, sx of IBD
Mesalamine is better tolerated than other aminosalicylates
Rectal mesalamine is more effective than oral mesalamine and rectal steroids for distal dx/proctitis in UC, can use oral and topical formulation together
Swallow capsules and tablets whole, do not crush, chew or break due to delayed-release coating
Apriso: do not use with antacids (dissolution pH-dependent)
Migergot
Ergotamine+ caffeine
Migraine 2nd line after triptan
1 suppo at onset then 1 hr after, Max 2 per attack
BB: do not use with 3A4 inhibitors (life-threatening peripheral vasoconstriction)
CI: cardiac problems, uncontrolled hypertension, renal/ hepatic impairment, MAOI within 2 weeks, serotoninergic within 24hrs
Warnings: cardiovascular effects, cerebrovascular effects, ergotism (severe vasoconstriction with gangrene), severe drug interact
Triostat
Liothyronine
Onzetra Xsail
Sumatriptan
Nasal powder
CI: cerebrovascular dx, uncontrolled hypertension, ischemic heart dx, within 24 hrs other Tristan or ergotamine product
Warning: BP higher, serotonin syndrome
SE: paresthesia, Triptan sensation
Sarafem
Fluoxetine Premenstrual dysphoric disorder 10-60 mg QD BB: suicidal behavior CI: MAOI, linezolid, IV methylene blue, pregnancy W: QT prolongation, bleeding
Treximet
Sumatriptan + naproxen
Migraine
Abreva
Docosanol
Topical tx Herpea labialis (OTC)
Cream
Apply 5X / day until healed
Crixivan
Indinavir
HIV / PI
Prevacid
lansoprazole
PPI for GERD, PUD
Capsule (OTC, Rx), ODT (OTC, Rx), Suspension (Rx)
15-30 MG QD before breakfast
Warnings: C.Diff, Osteoporosis, Hypomagnesemia, Vit B12 deficiency (LT > 2years), DILE
SE: HA, N/D
Prevacid Solutab (ODT) contains aspartame => not in Phenylketonuria (PKU)
Rapivab
Peramivir
Influenza tx injection
Neuraminidase inhibitor
600 mg IV once (dose adj if CrCl<50)
Hospital setting only
Warning: confusion, skin reaction (SJS/TEN), anaphylaxis, hepatic/renal impairment
SE: hypertension, insomnia, hyperglycemia, diarrhea, constipation, neutropenia, higher AST/ALT
Adlyxin
Lixisenatide GLP-1 agonist BB: thyroid cancer CI: thyroid, endocrin cancer Warnings: pancreatitis, serious injection reaction, not recommended in GI dx
Viread
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
HIV / NRTI
300 mg PO QD
Renal adj: CrCl<50
BB: exacerbate HepB when D/C in Pt with HepB
Warnings; renal tox with AKI, Falconi syndrome, osteomalacia, low bone mineral density
SE: renal impairment and low bone mineral density
Bydureon BCise
Exenatide ER GLP-1 agonist BB: thyroid cancer CI: thyroid, endocrin cancer Warnings: pancreatitis, serious injection reaction, not recommended in GI dx
Yosprala
Aspirin + omeprazole
Stroke Px
WP thyroid
Thyroid desiccated USP
Azulfidine
Sulfasalazine
Mild UC tx or RA (immunomodulator)
Tablet
UC:
RA: 500-1000 mg QD initially then 1000 mg BID (max 3g/day)
CI: Sulfa or salicylate allergy, GI obstruction, porphyria
Warnings: Blood dyscrasias, severe skin reaction (SJS/TEN), hepatic failure, pulmonary fibrosis, caution in G6PD deficiency
SE: HA, rash, anorexia, dyspepsia, N/V/D, oligospermia, folate deficiency, arthralgia, crystalluria
Monitoring: CBC, LFT (baseline, weekly/3months, monthly/3 months, every 3 months), renal function
Coloration yellow-orange of the skin/urine
Folate supplement 1mg/day
Zypitamag
Pitavastatin
HMG-CoA resductase inhibitor for hypercholesterolemia
1-4 mg QD
CI: Liver dx, Pregnancy, breastfeeding, CYP3A4 inhibitors (Simvastatin, lovastatin), Cyclosporine (pitavastatin)
Warnings: Rhabdomyolisis (higher with dose, age, inhibitors, renal impairment, hypothyroidism), Hepatotoxicity, Hyperglycemia (↑A1C, FBG)
SE: Muscle pain, Diarrhea, Cognitive impairment
Monitoring: LFT, Lipid panel every 3 months then every year
Zenpep
Pancrelipase (PEP, PERT)
CF
Fuzeon
Enfuvirtide
HIV / fusion inhibitor
Digitek
Digoxin
AFib (0.8-2 ng/ml), HF (0.5-0.9 ng/ml)
Viokace
Pancrelipase
PEP, PERT used in CF
Initial doses: < 1yo: varies by product, 1-3 yo: lipase 1,000 units /kg/meal, ≥ 4 yo: lipase 500 units/kg/meal
Max all ages lipase ≤ 2,500 units/kg/meal or ≤ 10,000 units/kg/day, doses > 6,000 units/kg/meal are associated with colonic stricture
Warnings: Fibrosing colonopathy advancing to colonic stricture (rare, higher risk with doses > 10,000 units/kg/day, mucosal irritation, hyperuricemia
SE: Abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea, HA, neck pain
Monitor: Abdominal sx, nutritional intake, weight, height, stool, fecal fat
Praxbind
Idarucizumab
Victoza
Liraglutide
GLP-1 agonist
SC QD (start 0.6 mg for one week then 1.2 mg)
BB: thyroid cancer
CI: thyroid, endocrin cancer
Warnings: pancreatitis, serious injection reaction, not recommended in GI dx
Nimalize
Nimodipine
Hemorrhagic stroke
Capsule with oral solution
60 mg PO Q4H for 21 days 1h before or 2 hrs after meal
Start within 4 days of the SAH
BB: Do not administer IV or by other parenteral routes, death and serious life-threatening adverse events have occurred (including cardiac arrest, cardiovascular collapse, hypotension and bradycardia) when the contents of nimodipine capsule have been inadvertently injected parenterally
CI: ↑ risk of significant hypotension when used in combination with strong inhibitors of 3A4
SE: Hypotension, bradycardia, HA, nausea, edema
Monitoring: CPP, ICP, BP, HR, neurological checks
Only PO never parenteral!!!
If cannot be swallowed, transfer oral solution from capsule into ORAL syringe within the pharmacy and label properly (For oral use only, Not for IV use)
Lipophile CCB with good penetration in brain
ActHib
Hib vaccine 4 doses between 2-15 months
Routine childhood vaccination, immunocompromised, asplenia
Triumeq
Dolutegravir + abacavir + lamivudine
HIV tx
Kionex
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate
Hyperkalemia
SPS
Sodium Polystyrene sulfonate
Hyperkalemia
Levoxyl
Levothyroxine Hypothyroid 1.6 mcg/kg/day (IBW) for healthy adults Elderly: 20-25% less: < 1mcg/kg/day CAD: 12.5-25mcg/day BB: not for obesity CI: uncorrected adrenal insufficiency Warning: low dose in CAD, osteoporosis SE: none if euthyroid (hyper or hypo) Monitor: TSH, Sx, FT4 in pregnancy, central hypothyroidism
Unithyroid
Levothyroxine Hypothyroid 1.6 mcg/kg/day (IBW) for healthy adults Elderly: 20-25% less: < 1mcg/kg/day CAD: 12.5-25mcg/day BB: not for obesity CI: uncorrected adrenal insufficiency Warning: low dose in CAD, osteoporosis SE: none if euthyroid (hyper or hypo) Monitor: TSH, Sx, FT4 in pregnancy, central hypothyroidism
Tamiflu
Oseltamivir Influenza tx Neuraminidase inhibitor Tx from 12 yo: 75 mg BID for 5 days Px from 12 yo: 75 mg QD for 10 days 30, 45, 75 mg tablet 6 mg/ml suspension for Kids (2-12): dosage in mg/kg
Asacol HD
Mesalamine
ER tablet
Mild UC tx
Induction: 1.6 g PO TID
CI: Hypersensitivity to salicylates or aminosalicylates
Warnings: Acute intolerance syndrome (cramping, acute abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea), caution in patient with renal or hepatic impairment, delayed gastric retention (due to pyloric stenosis), can delay release of oral products in the colon, hypersensitivity reactions (including myocarditis, pericarditis, nephritis, hematologic abnormalities and other internal organ damage), more likely with sulfasalazine than mesalamine, ↑ risk of blood dyscrasias in patients > 65 yo
Apriso contains phenylalanine, do not use in patients with PKU
Rowasa enema contains potassium bisulfite, a sulfite that may cause an allergic-type reaction
SE: Abdominal pain, nausea, HA, flatulence, eructation, pharyngitis
Monitoring: Renal fct, CBC, sx of IBD
Mesalamine is better tolerated than other aminosalicylates
Rectal mesalamine is more effective than oral mesalamine and rectal steroids for distal dx/proctitis in UC, can use oral and topical formulation together
Swallow capsules and tablets whole, do not crush, chew or break due to delayed-release coating
Apriso: do not use with antacids (dissolution pH-dependent)
Cambia
Diclofenac
Migraine
Pediarix
DTaP / HepB / IPV vaccine
Famvir
Famciclovir
Antiviral agent used in Herpes labialis, genital herpes and shingles
Safety:
TTP/HUS in immunocompromised PTs
Nephrotoxic (> acyclovir)
Seizure, high LFTs, SCr, BUN, neutropenia
Pentasa
Mesalamine
ER capsules
Mild UC Tx
Induction: 1 g PO QID
Maintenance: 1 g PO QID
CI: Hypersensitivity to salicylates or aminosalicylates
Warnings: Acute intolerance syndrome (cramping, acute abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea), caution in patient with renal or hepatic impairment, delayed gastric retention (due to pyloric stenosis), can delay release of oral products in the colon, hypersensitivity reactions (including myocarditis, pericarditis, nephritis, hematologic abnormalities and other internal organ damage), more likely with sulfasalazine than mesalamine, ↑ risk of blood dyscrasias in patients > 65 yo
Apriso contains phenylalanine, do not use in patients with PKU
Rowasa enema contains potassium bisulfite, a sulfite that may cause an allergic-type reaction
SE: Abdominal pain, nausea, HA, flatulence, eructation, pharyngitis
Monitoring: Renal fct, CBC, sx of IBD
Mesalamine is better tolerated than other aminosalicylates
Rectal mesalamine is more effective than oral mesalamine and rectal steroids for distal dx/proctitis in UC, can use oral and topical formulation together
Swallow capsules and tablets whole, do not crush, chew or break due to delayed-release coating
Apriso: do not use with antacids (dissolution pH-dependent)
Requip
Ropinirole
PD - dopamine agonist
Isentress
Raltegravir
HIV / INSTI
TOBI
Tobramycin inhalation solution
Chronic pulmonary infection CF (pseudomonas aeruginosa)
Uloric
Febuxostat
Gout (chronic urate lowering therapy)
Aptivus
Tipranavir
HIV / PI
Capsule, Oral solution
500 mg +200 mg ritonavir BID
Swallow whole, always with ritonavir, capsule should be in the fridge, 60 days at room temp, discard 60 days after opening bottle
Solution can be stored at room temp, D/C 60 days after opening the bottle
BB; Clinical hepatitis and hepatic decompensation (sometimes fatal), intracranial hemorrhage
CI: Moderate or severe hepatic impairment
Warnings: Use caution in patient with sulfa allergy, intracranial hemorrhage (caution with bleeding risk)
SE: N/V/D, HA, ↑ CPK, hyperlipidemia (TG)
Monitoring: LFT, BG, lipids
Capsule contains 7% alcohol
Oral solution contains Vit E => additional vitamin supplement should be avoided
Colazal
Balsalazide
Mild UC tx
Capsule
Induction: 2.25 g (3x 750 mg capsules) PO TID for 8-12 weeks
CI: Salicylate allergy
Warning: Gastric retention (due to pyloric stenosis) can delay release of the drug in the colon, acute intolerance syndrome, caution in patients with renal and hepatic impairment
SE: HA, abdominal pain, N/V/D
Monitoring: Renal fct, LFT, sx of IBD
Colazal capsules can be opened and sprinkled on applesauce, beads are not coated, so mixture can be chewed if needed , when used this way, it can cause staining of the teeth/tongue
Kalydeco
Ivakaftor (CFTR Modulator)
CF - increase time channels are open
Viracept
Nelfinavir
HIV / PI
Thyrolar
Liotrix
T3 and T4 in ratio 1/4 for hypothyroidism
Tablet
Start 25 mcg/6.25 mcg QD, Usual dose 50-100 mcg/12.5-25 mcg QD
BB: Do not use to treat obesity
CI: Uncorrected adrenal insufficiency
Warnings: ↓ Dose in CAD, Osteoporosis
SE: Euthyroid pt: no SE, Too much => hyperthyroid Sx
Monitoring: TSH, Clinical Sx, FT4 in selected pt (central hypothyroidism, pregnancy)
NeBupent
Pentamidine
Alternative option for OI Pneumocystis pneumonia in AIDS
Injection, inhalation
Mitigare
Colchicine
Gout tx
1.2 mg PO (2T) then 1T one hour after (Max 4T/ day)
Repeat 3 days after (not earlier) and if CrCl<30 wait 2 weeks
Safety: myelosuppression, myopathy, neuropathy, GI N/V/D, anorexi
Lokelma
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate
Hyperkalemia (Non absorbed cation exchange resin)
Powder for oral suspension
10 g PO TID for up to 48h
Warnings: Can worsen GI motility, Edema, Na => monitor diet, Bind to other medications => 2h before or after
SE: Peripheral edema
Store at room temp
Retrovir
Zidovudine
HIV / NRTI
Descovy
Emtricitabine 200 mg + Tenofovir alafenamide 25 mg
HIV-1/NRTI
Tablets
Safety class effect NRTI: lactic acidosis
Prezista
Darunavir
HIV / PI
Lescol
Fluvastatin
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor used in hypercholesterolemia
20-80 mg QPM
CI: Liver dx, Pregnancy, breastfeeding, CYP3A4 inhibitors (Simvastatin, lovastatin), Cyclosporine (pitavastatin)
Warnings: Rhabdomyolisis (higher with dose, age, inhibitors, renal impairment, hypothyroidism), Hepatotoxicity, Hyperglycemia (↑A1C, FBG)
SE: Muscle pain, Diarrhea, Cognitive impairment
Monitoring: LFT, Lipid panel every 3 months then every year
Pepcid complete
Famotidine + Calcium + magnesium
Symbyax
Fluoxetine + olanzapime
Resistant depression
Pexeva
Paroxetine
Depression
10-60 mg QD
BB: suicidal behavior
CI: MAOI, linezolid, IV methylene blue, pregnancy
Warnings: QT prolongation, bleeding, SIADH, hyponatremia (> elderly)
SE: Sexual side effects, Somnolence, dizziness, weakness, insomnia, nausea, headache (LT can help), dry mouth, diaphoresis (sweating), Restless leg syndrome (onset and Tx initiation), ↑ fall risk => caution in frail patients, osteopenia/osteoporosis, use of CNS depressants
Boostrix
Tdap vaccine
1 dose if no record of DTaP, incomplete DTaP, healthcare provider, child-care provider, pregnancy (each)
Rayos
Prednisone delayed-release tablet
For UC / CD Tx
Sustiva
Efavirenz
HIV / NNRTI
Capsule, tablet (Capsule content may be sprinkle onto 1-2 teaspoon of food)
600 mg QD
Warnings: Serious psychiatric syndrome (suicidal ideation, depression), CNS Sx (generally resolve in 2-4 weeks), convulsions, QT prolongation, hepatotoxicity, fetal toxicity
SE: CNS effects (impaired concentration, abnormal dreams, confusion, dizziness), rash, HA, N/V, fatigue, insomnia
Monitoring: Lipids, CNS and psychiatric effects, LFT, ECG
Package insert state to avoid in the 1st trimester, based on additional data, guidelines recommend no restriction on use in pregnancy
May cause false positive for cannabinoid and BZD on drug screening tests
Efavirenz should not be used with abacavir/lamivudine (or emtricitabine) in pt with pre-Tx HIV viral load > 100,000 copies/ml
Invirase
Saquinavir
HIV/PI
Tenivac
Td vaccine
Every 10 years if older than 7 yo or wound prophylaxis
Reyataz
Atazanavir
HIV / PI
Bufferin
Aspirin
Anti platelet aggregation
Entocort EC
Budesonide tablet 3 mg
CD tx
Vaqta
Hepatitis A vaccine
Hiberix
Hib vaccine
Mirapex
Pramipexole
PD - dopamine agonist
Ancobon
Flucytosine 5-FC
Antifungal use in association with amphotericin B for yeast infection (Cryptococcal meningitis or Candida infections)
Capsule (250 or 500 mg)
50-150 mg/kg/day PO divided into Q6H
(Renal adj CrCl<40)
BB: Use with extreme caution in renal dysfunction (monitor blood, kidney, liver)
SE: Myelosuppression, Nephrototoxicity, Hepatotoxicity
PedvaxHib
Hib vaccine
3 doses
Routine childhood vaccination, immunocompromised, asplenia
Engerix-B
Hepatitis B vaccination
Kayexalate
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate
Hyperkalemia
Daptacel
DTaP Vaccine
5 doses 2,4,6,12-18 months, 4-6 years
Routine childhood vaccination (less than 7 yo)
Orkambi
Lumacaftor + Ivakaftor Cystic fibrosis (CFTR modulator for homozygous F508del mutation only) Tablet Warnings: ↑ LFT, cataract in children Take with high fat meal Approved for ≥ 2 yo
Heplisav
Hepatitis-B vaccination
Selzentry
Maraviroc
HIV / CCR5 antagonist
Bentyl
Dicyclomine
Antispasmodic for diarrhea
Brisdelle
Paroxetine
Depression
Colcrys
Colchicine
Acute tx of gout
1.2 mg PO (2T) then 0.6 mg one hour later (Max 4T/day) can be repeated 3 days after but not earlier (if CrCl<30: wait 2 weeks between sessions)
CI: do not use in combination with strong inhibitor 3A4, P-gp and renal/hepatic impairment
Warnings: myelosuppression, GI Sx, Rhabdomyolysis (do not use with cyclosporine, diltiazem, verapamil, gemfibrozil, statin
SE: diarrhea, nausea, neuropathy, myelosuppression, myopathy
Migranal
Dihydroergotamine
Migraine
Nadal spray: 1 spray (0.5 mg)into each nostril, may repeat after 15 minutes and that’s it (Max 2 mg)
Prime 4 sprays before use do not inhale deeply
2nd line after triptan
2T at onset then 1 T every 30 min max 6T
BB: do not use with 3A4 inhibitors (life-threatening peripheral vasoconstriction)
CI: cardiac problems, uncontrolled hypertension, renal/ hepatic impairment, MAOI within 2 weeks, serotoninergic within 24hrs
Warnings: cardiovascular effects, cerebrovascular effects, ergotism (severe vasoconstriction with gangrene), severe drug interact
Kitabis Pack
Tobramycin inhalation solution
Chronic pulmonary infection in CF (pseudomonas aeruginosa)
Videx
Didanosine
HIV / NRTI
>60 kg: 400 mg PO QD, <60 kg: 250 mg PO QD
Renal adj: CrCl<60
Oral solution 30 days in fridge
BB: pancreatitis
CI: association with allopurinol and ribavirin
Warnings: portal hypertension, eye toxicity
SE: N/V/D, peripheral neuropathy, high amylase, rash, pruritus
Avoid association with stavudine, tenofovir
Cimzia
Certolizumab
Anti-TNF alpha (RA, CD)
BB: serious infection including TB, cancer
CI: active infection
Warnings: demyelination, seizure, HepB reactivation, hepatotoxicity, DILE, do not use with other DMARDS or live vaccines
Amitiza
Lubiprostone Constipation (CIC, OIC, IBS-C) chloride channel activation => more fluid in the gut OIC and CIC: 24 mcg PO BID IBS-C: 8 mcg PO BID CI: intestinal obstruction SE: diarrhea, nause, HA, hypokaliémies Take a/ food and water, do not crush Do not take with methadone
Delzicol
Mesalamine
ER capsules
Mild UC Tx
Induction: 800 mg PO TID
Maintenance: 1.6 PO in 2-4 divided doses
CI: Hypersensitivity to salicylates or aminosalicylates
Warnings: Acute intolerance syndrome (cramping, acute abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea), caution in patient with renal or hepatic impairment, delayed gastric retention (due to pyloric stenosis), can delay release of oral products in the colon, hypersensitivity reactions (including myocarditis, pericarditis, nephritis, hematologic abnormalities and other internal organ damage), more likely with sulfasalazine than mesalamine, ↑ risk of blood dyscrasias in patients > 65 yo
Apriso contains phenylalanine, do not use in patients with PKU
Rowasa enema contains potassium bisulfite, a sulfite that may cause an allergic-type reaction
SE: Abdominal pain, nausea, HA, flatulence, eructation, pharyngitis
Monitoring: Renal fct, CBC, sx of IBD
Mesalamine is better tolerated than other aminosalicylates
Rectal mesalamine is more effective than oral mesalamine and rectal steroids for distal dx/proctitis in UC, can use oral and topical formulation together
Swallow capsules and tablets whole, do not crush, chew or break due to delayed-release coating
Apriso: do not use with antacids (dissolution pH-dependent)
Linzess
Linaclotide
Constipation (CIC, IBS-C)
Guanylate cyclise C agonist
Trulance
Plecanatide
Guanylate cyclase C agonist used in constipation (CIC, IBS-C)
Tablet
BB: Not in children, dehydration can cause death
CI: < 6 yo, GI obstruction
SE: Diarrhea, HA, Abdominal distension, Flatulence
Entereg
Alvimopan
PAMORA
Inpatient b4 surgery to reduce risk bowel obstruction
Relistor
Methylnatrexone
PAMORA (OIC)
Injection, Tablet
12 mg SC QD or 450 mg PO QD
CrCl < 30: ↓ dose
CI: Bowel obstruction
Warnings: Risk of GI perforation (monitor for abdominal pain), Risk of opioid withdrawal
SE: Abdominal pain, N/D, flatulence
Relistor: stay close to toilets after injection
Discontinue all laxatives before initiating tx (reintroduce OTC laxatives if no improvement after 3 days)
Movantik: 3C4 inhibitors interaction => ↓ dose with moderate inhibitor and no strong inhibitor, grapefruit
Movantik
Naloxegol PAMORA, OIC Tablet 25 mg QD (morning/empty stomach) Renal adj: CrCl < 60: 12.5 mg CI: Bowel obstruction Warnings: Risk of GI perforation (monitor for abdominal pain), Risk of opioid withdrawal SE: Abdominal pain, N/D, flatulence
Symproic
Naldemedine PAMORA (OIC) Tablet 0.2 mg QD CI: Bowel obstruction Warnings: Risk of GI perforation (monitor for abdominal pain), Risk of opioid withdrawal SE: Abdominal pain, N/D, flatulence
Lovenox
Enoxapirin
Parenteral AC
VTE Tx / Px, UA/NSTEMI/STEMI
Fragmin
Dalteparin
Parenteral AC
VTE Px, UA, NSTEMI (3 indications)
Eliquis
Apixaban OAC factor Xa inhibitor Non valvular Afib (5 mg BID), VTE Tx (10mg BID) Px (2.5 mg BID) , recurrence (2.5 mg BID) no renal adj BB: neuraxial anesthesia, brutal D/C CO: bleeding pt Warning: not recommended in prosthetic heart valve, liver dx SE: bleeding, anemia Monitoring: Hb, Hct, SCr, LFT
Xarelto
Rivaroxaban OAC Non valvular AFib (20 mg QD), VTE TX (15 mg QD)/ PX (10 mg QD), Recurrence (5 mg QD) BB: neuraxial anesthesia, brutal D/C CI: bleeding pt Warning: not recommended in prosthetic heart valve, liver dx SE: bleeding, anemia Monitoring: Hb, Hct, SCr, LFT If >= 15 mg, with fat meal Do not use When CrCl<30
Arixtra
Fondaparinux
Parenteral AC
VTE TX (>100kg:10 mg SC QD /50-100 kg: 7.5 mg SC QD/ <50 kg: 5 mg SC QD
VTE PX (>= 50 kg: 2.5 mg SC QD/< 50: do not use)
BB: neuraxial anesthesia
CI: HIT, Bleeding, bacterial endocarditis, CrCl<30
SE: bleeding, anemia, thrombocytopenia, injection reaction, hypokalemia, hypotension
Norpace
Disopyramide
Antiarrhythmic class Ia
CI: heart block, cardiogenic shock, congenital QT syndrome
Warnings: proarrhythmic, HF, anticholinergic effects
Rythmol
Propafenone
Antiarrhythmic Class Ic
Multaq
Dronedarone Antiarrhythmic class III
Tikosyn
Dofetilide Antiarrhythmic class III
Betapace
Sotalol
Antiarrhythmic class III
BB: TdP => initiate in hospital with ECG and trained staff, renal adj when CrCl<60 (For some CI when CrCl <40)
CI: heart block, long QT syndrome, bradycardia, HF, cardiogenic shock, for some QTc > 450
SE: fatigue, bradycardia, bronchoconstriction
Sotylize
Sotalol
Antiarrhythmic class III
BB: TdP => initiate in hospital with ECG and trained staff, renal adj when CrCl<60 (For some CI when CrCl <40)
CI: heart block, long QT syndrome, bradycardia, HF, cardiogenic shock, for some QTc > 450
SE: fatigue, bradycardia, bronchoconstriction
Sorine
Sotalol
Antiarrhythmic class III
BB: TdP => initiate in hospital with ECG and trained staff, renal adj when CrCl<60 (For some CI when CrCl <40)
CI: heart block, long QT syndrome, bradycardia, HF, cardiogenic shock, for some QTc > 450
SE: fatigue, bradycardia, bronchoconstriction
Covert
Ibutilide Antiarrhythmic class III
Cresemba
Isavuconazonium
Azole Antifungal
Noxafil
Posaconazole
Azole antifungal
Yeast + aspergillus + zygomycetes (Mucor, Rhizopus)
Suspension: 200 mg TID or 400 mg BID
Tablet: 300 mg BID once then QD
Injection: 300 mg IV once then QD (not in CrCl<50, Nephrotoxic adjuvant)
CI: sirolimus (9x blood level), 3A4 substrates bcz higher risk of QT prolongation, ergotamine derivative (higher risk of ergotism
Warning: QT prolongation
SE: N/V/D, fever, HA
Monitor: LFT, renal fct, electrolytes, CBC
Cytovene
Ganciclovir injection
CMV
BB: Myelosuppression, Teratogen, Carcinogen
SE: Fever, N/V/D, Anorexia , Neutropenia, thromcytopenia, leukopenia, anemia , ↑ SCr, Retinal detachment (valganciclovir)
Monitoring: CBC, PLT, Retinal exam (with valganciclovir), SCr
Zirgan
Gangciclovir ophthalmic gel
CMV
Eraxis
Anidulafungin
Antifungal (Echinocandin) active against resistant candidas (krusei, glabrata) or in combination for aspergillus
Injection
Candidemia: 200 mg IV QD, Esophageal Candidiasis: 100 mg IV once then 50 mg IV QD
Warnings: Histamine-mediated symptoms / Allergic reactions (skin, anaphylaxis)
SE: ↑ LFTs, ↑ Scr, Hypotension, ↑ K, Mg, Fever, N/V/D, Hypoglycemia, Rash, severe skin reactions
Monitoring: LFTs
Valcyte
Valgancyclovir
CMV
Foscavir
Foscarnet injection
CMV
Intron A
Interferon-Alfa-2b
Cytokine uses in HepB tx
Pegasys
Pegylated interferon-alpha-2a
Cytokine used in HepB tx
Vemlidy
Tenofovir alafenamide
NRTI used in HepB tx
Tablet
25 mg PO QD (with food)
BB: Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis, which can be fatal
Exacerbation of HBV when stopped => monitor closely, Can cause HIV resistance in HBV patient with undiagnosed, untreated HIV, Adefovir: caution in renal dx, with nephrotoxic drugs
Warning: Tenofovir: renal toxicity with AKI, Fanconi syndrome, osteomalacia, and ↓ BMD
SE: HA, abdominal pain, fatigue, cough, nausea, ↑ LFT, < renal and bone toxicity vs TDF
Baraclude
Entecavir
NRTI used in HepB tx
Hepsera
Adefovir
NRTI used in HepB tx
Tablet
10 mg QD
BB: Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis, which can be fatal
Exacerbation of HBV when stopped => monitor closely, Can cause HIV resistance in HBV patient with undiagnosed, untreated HIV, Adefovir: caution in renal dx, with nephrotoxic drugs
SE: HA, weakness, abdominal pain, hematuria, rash, nephrotoxicity
Epivir HBV
Lamivudine
NRTI used in HepB tx (different dosage in HIV)
Harvoni
Sofosbuvir / ledipasvir
DAA used in HepC tx
BB: Reactivate HBV => test HBV before Tx
Warnings: Sofosbuvir: do not use with amiodarone (serious bradycardia), acid suppressive therapy should be avoided
SE: Well-tolerated
Monitoring: LFT, HCV-RNA
Epclusa
Sofosbuvir / velpatasvir
DAA used in HepC tx
BB: Reactivate HBV => test HBV before Tx
Warnings: Sofosbuvir: do not use with amiodarone (serious bradycardia), acid suppressive therapy should be avoided
SE: Well-tolerated
Monitoring: LFT, HCV-RNA
Vosevi
Sofosbuvir/ velpatasvir / voxilaprevir
DAA used in HepC tx
Mavyret
Glecaprevir/ pibrentasvir
DAA used in HepC tx
Technivie
Paritaprevir/ ritonavir/ ambitasvir
DAA used in HepC tx
CI: Hepatic dx, 3A4 substrate, inducers (contraceptive pills, patch, ring), lovastatin, simvastatin (ethinyl estradiol-containing medication must be stopped (COC, patches, rings, menopause products)
Hepatotoxic (call Dr if yellow skin, eyes, dark urine, light stool, bad stomach pain with nausea)
Veikira
Paritaprevir / ritonavir / ambitasvir / dasabuvir
DAA used in HepC
Zepatier
Elbasvir / Grazoprevir
DAA used in HepC
Viibryd
Vilazodone
SSRI and 5HT1A agonist used in depression
Trintellix
vortioxetine
SSRI + 5HT receptor antagonist + 5HT1A agonist used in depression
Fetzima
Levomilnacipran
SNRI used in depression
40-120 mg QD (start 20 mg QD for 2 days)
Do not use when CrCl < 15 ml/min
BB: Suicidal behavior
CI: MAOI and hypertensive crisis, Do not initiate in patients receiving linezolid, methylene blue IV
SE: See SSRIs, SE dur to ↑ NE: ↑ HR, dilated pupils (can lead to narrow angle glaucoma), dry mouth, excessive sweating and constipation
Can affect urethral resistance => caution in patients prone to obstructive urinary disorders, ↑ BP (> venlafaxine when > 150 mg/day) all have risk, especially at higher doses => ↓ dose, use antihypertensive or change therapy
Elavil
Amitriptyline
TCA used in depression, neuropathic pain, migraine
Khedezla
Desvenlafaxine
SNRI used in depression
50 mg QD (can ↑ to 400 mg/day but no benefit to > 50 mg)
BB: Suicidal behavior
CI: MAOI and hypertensive crisis, Do not initiate in patients receiving linezolid, methylene blue IV
SE: See SSRIs
SE dur to ↑ NE: ↑ HR, dilated pupils (can lead to narrow angle glaucoma), dry mouth, excessive sweating and constipation, Can affect urethral resistance => caution in patients prone to obstructive urinary disorders
↑ BP (> venlafaxine when > 150 mg/day) all have risk, especially at higher doses => ↓ dose, use antihypertensive or change therapy
↓ dose in renal impairment, do not use levomilnacipran CrCl < 15, or duloxetine CrCl < 30
Anafranil
Clomipramine
TCA used in depression
Tofranil
Imipramine
TCA used in depression
Surmontil
Trimipramine
TCA used in depression
Norpramin
Desipramine
TCA used in depression
Pamelor
Nortriptyline
TCA used in depression
Marplan
Isocarboxazid
MAOI used in depression
Nardil
Phenelzine
MAOI used in depression
Parnate
Trancylcypromine
MAOI used in depression
30 mg/day in divided dose (max 60 mg/day)
BB: Suicidal behavior
CI: Cardiovascular dx, Cerebrovascular Dx, HA history, Hepatic Dx, Pheochromocytoma, Concurrent use of sympathomimetics, CNS depressants
Warnings: Drug-drug, Drug-food interactions
SE: Anticholinergic, Orthostasis, Sedation, Sexual dysfunction
Emsam
Selegiline
MAOI used in depression
Wellbutrin
Bupropion
Dopamine and NE reuptake inhibitor used in depression
Wellbutrin XL
Bupropion
Dopamine and NE reuptake inhibitor used in seasonal affective disorder
Aplenzin
Bupropion
Dopamine and NE reuptake inhibitor used in affective seasonal disorder
Forvivo
Bupropion
Dopamine and NE reuptake inhibitor used in depression
Rytary
Carbidopa/Levodopa Dopamine replacement agents used in PD ER capsules 23.75/95 mg PO TID Take whole or sprinkles on applesauce CI: MAOI within 14 days, Glaucoma SE: Nausea, Dizziness, orthostasis, dyskinesia, Dry mouth, dystonia (sometimes painful), Confusion, hallucination, psychosis, Dark urine, saliva, sweat + discolor clothes, Hemolysis (positive Coombs test) => D/C, Sexual urges and priapism, ↑Uric acid, Rytary: suicidal ideation Duopa: GI complications Titrate cautiously LT use: fluctuation in response and dyskinesia Separate from Iron, separate from protein intake
Duopa
Levodopa/carbidopa
Dopamine replacement agent used in PD
Comtan
Entacapone
COMT inhibitor used in PD
Stalevo
Entacapone / carbidopa / levodopa
Association used in PD
Neupro
Rotigotine
Dopamine agonist used in PD
Apokyn
Apomorphine
Dopamine agonist used in PD rescue agent for off episode
0.2 ml (2 mg) SC PRN up to 5x a day titrage by 1 mg weekly to max 0.6 ml (6 mg) (start in medical office, dose in ml
Eldepryl
Selegiline
MAOI used in PD
Zelapar
Selegiline
MAOI used in PD
Azilect
Rasagiline
MAOI used in PD
Xadago
Safinamide
MAOI used in PD
Cogentin
Benztropine
Central acting anticholinergic used in PD
Northera
Droxidopa
Alpha/beta agonist used in PD
Rifadin
Rifampin
Active TB tx
Rifamate
Rifampin + INH
Active TB to
Rifater
Rifampin + INH + Pyrazinamide
Active TB TCA
AmBisome
Liposomal amphotericin B
Antifungal broad spectrum / empiric usage - injection only - bind to ergosterol
3-6 mg/kg/ day
BB: !!! Conventional, deoxycholate: 0.1-1.5 mg/kg/day do not confuse with liposomal
SE: infusion-related reaction (=> prémédication with acetaminophen, diphenhydramine, hydrocortisone, meperidine, NS), electrolyte (low K, Mg), nephrotoxicity
Fosamax
Alendronate
Bisphosphonate for osteoporosis tx
Tablet or oral solution
Px: 5 mg QD or 35 mg weekly / Tx: 10 mg QD or 70 mg weekly / steroid-induced 5-10 mg QD
Before breakfast
CI: Inability to stand upright for 30 min, Abnormalities of esophagus, Difficulty swallowing, Hypocalcemia
Warnings: Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (ONJ) (> Dental procedure, hygiene, cancer, chemotherapy, Steroids), Atypical femur fracture, Bone, joint, muscle pain, Esophagitis to esophageal perforation (instructions for administration), Hypocalcemia, Renal impairment (CrCl < 35 not recommended)
SE: Hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, Dyspepsia, heartburn, N/V, abdominal pain, Muscle pain
Binosto
Alendronate
Bisphosphonate for osteoporosis tx
Effervescent tablet
Px: 5 mg QD or 35 mg weekly / Tx: 10 mg QD or 70 mg weekly / steroid-induced 5-10 mg QD
Before breakfast
CI: Inability to stand upright for 30 min, Abnormalities of esophagus, Difficulty swallowing, Hypocalcemia
Warnings: Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (ONJ) (> Dental procedure, hygiene, cancer, chemotherapy, Steroids), Atypical femur fracture, Bone, joint, muscle pain, Esophagitis to esophageal perforation (instructions for administration), Hypocalcemia, Renal impairment (CrCl < 35 not recommended)
SE: Hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, Dyspepsia, heartburn, N/V, abdominal pain, Muscle pain, rash, hypertension, HA, UTI, infection
Boniva tablet
Ibandronate
Osteoporosis tx
Px: 150 mg monthly
CI: Inability to stand upright for 30 min, Abnormalities of esophagus, Difficulty swallowing, Hypocalcemia
Warnings: Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (ONJ) (> Dental procedure, hygiene, cancer, chemotherapy, Steroids), Atypical femur fracture, Bone, joint, muscle pain, Esophagitis to esophageal perforation (instructions for administration), Hypocalcemia, Renal impairment (CrCl < 30 not recommended)
SE: Hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, Dyspepsia, heartburn, N/V, abdominal pain, Muscle pain, rash, hypertension, HA, UTI, infection
Reclast
Zoledronic acid
Bisphosphonate for osteoporosis tx
Injection (Over ≥ 15 min)
Px: 5 mg IV every 2 years / Tx: 5 mg IV once yearly / steroid-induced: 5 mg IV once yearly
CI: Hypocalcemia, CrCl < 35 or AKI
Warnings: See oral bisphosphonates (except GI issues), Renal impairment => monitor SCr before each injection, caution in dehydrated pt, with comorbidities, taking other nephrotoxic medications, caution in aspirin-sensitive asthma (bronchoconstriction)
SE: See oral bisphosphonate (except esophageal SE)
Flu-like symptoms
Reclast
Zoledronic acid
Bisphosphonate for osteoporosis tx
Injection (Over ≥ 15 min)
Px: 5 mg IV every 2 years / Tx: 5 mg IV once yearly / steroid-induced: 5 mg IV once yearly
CI: Hypocalcemia, CrCl < 35 or AKI
Warnings: See oral bisphosphonates (except GI issues), Renal impairment => monitor SCr before each injection, caution in dehydrated pt, with comorbidities, taking other nephrotoxic medications, caution in aspirin-sensitive asthma (bronchoconstriction)
SE: See oral bisphosphonate (except esophageal SE)
Flu-like symptoms, edema, hypotension, fatigue, dehydration, ↓ electrolytes (PO4, Mg, K)
Amaryl
Glimepiride SU for diabetes tx (decrease A1C 1-2%) Start 1-2 mg QD Max 8 mg/day increment 1-2 mg every week CI: type 1, DKA, sulfa allergy Warnings: hypoglycemia, G6PD deficiency, anaphylactic reaction SE: weight gain, nausea Monitoring: BG, A1C With breakfast
Glucotrol
Glipizide
SU for diabetes tx (decrease A1C 1-2%)
Start 5 mg QD Max 40 mg/day (XL 20 mg/day) > 15 mg divided dose / increment 5 mg every week
CI: type 1, DKA, sulfa allergy
Warnings: hypoglycemia, G6PD deficiency, anaphylactic reaction
SE: weight gain, nausea
Monitoring: BG, A1C
IR: 30 min before meal - Other with breakfast
XL: ghost tablet
Glynase
Glyburide SU for diabetes tx (decrease A1C 1-2%) Start 1.5-3 mg QD Max 12 mg/day increment 1.5 mg every week CI: type 1, DKA, sulfa allergy, not with bosentan Warnings: hypoglycemia, G6PD deficiency SE: weight gain, nausea Monitoring: BG, A1C Renal clearance => not in CKD Take with breakfast
Starlix
Nateglinide
Meglitinide for diabetes tx
Prandin
Repaglinide
Meglitinide for diabetes Tx
Glucovance
Metformin + glyburide
Diabetes tx
ActosMet
Metformine + pioglitazone
Diabetes Tx
Kazano
Metformin + alogliptin
Diabetes Tx
Jentadueta
Metformin + linagliptin
Diabetes tx
Janumet
Metformin + sitagliptin
Diabetes tx
Kombiglyze
Metformin + Saxagliptin
Diabetes tx
Invokamet
Metformin + canagliflozin
Diabetes tx
Xigduo
Metformin + dapagliflozin
Diabetes tx
Synjardy
Metformin + empaglifozin
Diabetes tx
Segluromet
Metformin + ertugliflozin
Diabetes tx
PrandiMet
Metformin + repaglinide
Diabetes tx
Effient
Prasugrel
Prodrug (2C19)
Platelet antiaggregant - P2Y12 inhibitor
Plavix
Clopidogrel
Prodrug (2C19)
Platelet antiaggregant - P2Y12 inhibitor
Brilinta
Ticagrelor
Platelet antiaggregant - P2Y12 inhibitor
TNKase
Tenecteplase
Fibrinolytic
Abilify
Aripiprazole
SGA
Aristada
Aripiprazole
SGA
Saphris
Asenapine
SGA
Rexulti
Brexpiprazole
SGA
Vraylar
Cariprazine
SGA
Clozaril
Clozapine
SGA
FazaClo
Clozapine
SGA
Versacloz
Clozapine
SGA
Fanapt
Iloperidone
SGA
Latuda
Lurasidone
SGA
Zyprexa
Olanzapine
SGA
Also for CINV
Invega
Paliperidone
SGA
Sustenna
Paliperidone
SGA
Risperdal
Risperidone
SGA
Perseris
Risperidone
SGA
Seroquel
Quetiapine
SGA used in ICU for delirium
Geodon
Ziprasidone
SGA
Riomet
Metformin
UFH
Heparin
Anticoagulant/ antithrombin activation
Px VTE (5000 IU SC BID), Tx VTE (80 IU/kg IV bolus then 18 IU/kg/hr IV infusion or 5000 IU IV bolus then 1000 IU/hr), STEMI (60 IU/kg IV bolus then 12 IU/kg/hr IV infusion) use ABW
Angiomax
Bivalirudin
AC / direct thrombin inhibitor
Iprivask
Desirudin
AC / direct thrombin inhibitor
Duexis
Famotidine + ibuprofen
Pepcid
Famotidine Stomach pain (GERD/PUD) / H2RA Tablet, chewable, suspension, injection OTC: 10-20 mg BID PRN Rx: 20 mg BID Renal adj when CrCl< 50 Warnings: confusion, QT prolongation SE HA, agitation Take 30-60 min before food (onset: 1hr /duration: 4-10) Tachyphylaxis
Zantac
Ranitidine Stomach pain (GERD/PUD) / H2RA Tablet, chewable, suspension, injection OTC: 75-150 mg BID PRN Rx: 150 mg BID Renal adj when CrCl< 50 Warnings: confusion, high ALT SE HA, agitation Take 30-60 min before food (onset: 1hr /duration: 4-10) Tachyphylaxis
Aricept
Donepezil
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor for Alzheimer Tx
Namzaric
Donepezil + Memantine
For Alzheimer Tx
Exelon
Rivastigmine
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor for Alzheimer dx
Razadyne
Galantamine
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor for Alzheimer Tx
Namenda
Memantine
NMDA receptor antagonist for Alzheimer Tx
Pepto-Bismol
Bismuth subsalicylate
Anti diarrheal chewable, solution
525 mg every 30 min (1050 mg every hr) PRN max 4200 mg/day max 2 days
CI: salicylate allergy, association w/ salicylate, ulcer, coagulopathy, black/bloody stool
SE: black tongue/stool, salicylate toxicity (tinnitus, N/V, diaphoresis)
Diamode
Loperamide
2T PO after 1st loose stool, 1T (2 mg) after max 8T/day (16mg) when Rx and 8 mg when OTC (max 2 days)
BB: torsade de pointe and cardiac arrest (higher dose)
CI: kids<2yo, dysentery, bacterial colitis (C.diff), UC
SE: abdominal pain, constipation, QT prolongation
Anti-diarrheal
Loperamide
2T PO after 1st loose stool, 1T (2 mg) after max 8T/day (16mg) when Rx and 8 mg when OTC (max 2 days)
BB: torsade de pointe and cardiac arrest (higher dose)
CI: kids<2yo, dysentery, bacterial colitis (C.diff), UC
SE: abdominal pain, constipation, QT prolongation
Imodium
Lomotil
Diphenoxylate/atropine
Diarrhea Tx
Viberzil
Eluxadoline
Peripherally acting mu opioid receptor agonist (not PAMORA) for IBS-D Tx
C IV
Phoslyra
Calcium acetate
Phosphate binder for CKD-mineral bone disorder
PhosLo
Calcium acetate
Phosphate binder for CKD-mineral bone disorder
Velphora
Sucroferric Oxyhydroxide
Phosphate binder for CKF-mineral bone disorder
Auryxia
Ferric citrate
Phosphate binder for CKF-mineral bone disorder
Fosrenol
Lanthanum carbonate
Phosphate binder for CKF-mineral bone disorder
Renvela
Sevelamer carbonate
Phosphate binder for CKF-mineral bone disorder
Renagel
Sevelamer hydrochloride
Phosphate binder for CKF-mineral bone disorder
Equetro
Carbamazepine
For maintenance of bipolar manic episode in bipolar disorder
Qsymia
Phentermine/topiramate
Weight loss
Contrave
Natrexone/bupropion
Weight loss
Belviq
Lorcaserin
Weight loss
Adipex-P
Phentermine
Weight loss
Lomaira
Phentermine
Weight loss
Regimex
Benzphetamine
Weight loss
FeverAll
Acetaminophen
Analgesic suppo
Ofirmev
Acetaminophen injection
Analgesic
Norco
Acetaminophen + hydrocodone
Vicodin
Acetaminophen + hydrocodone
Loratab
Acetaminophen + hydrocodone
Endocet
Acetaminophen + Oxycodone
Percocet
Acetaminophen + oxycodone
Primlev
Acetaminophen + Oxycodone
Ultracet
Acetaminophen + tramadol
Fioricet
Acetaminophen + caffeine + butalbital
Ultram
Tramadol
Centrally acting analgesics
Conzip
Tramadol
Centrally acting analgesic
Nucynta
Tapentadol
Centrally acting analgesic
Adriamycin
Doxorubicin
Cancer anthracyclines
Doxyl
Doxorubicin liposomal
Cancer anthracyclines
Lipodox
Doxorubicin liposomal
Cancer anthracyclines
Vyxeos
Daunorubicin + cytarabine liposomal
Cancer anthracyclines
Ellence
Epirubicin
Cancer anthracyclines
Idamycin PFS
Idarubicin
Cancer anthracyclines
Valstar
Valrubicin
Cancer anthracyclines
Solu-Cortef
Hydrocortisone
Cortef
Hydrocortisone
Millipred
Prednisolone
Orapred ODT
Prednisolone
Veripred
Prednisolone
Actonel
Risedronate
Bisphosphonate for osteoporosis tx
Px: 5 mg QD, 35 mg weekly, 75 mg 2x/month, 150 mg monthly / Tx: 35 mg weekly / steroid-induced: 5 mg QD
CI: Inability to stand upright for 30 min, Abnormalities of esophagus, Difficulty swallowing, Hypocalcemia
Warnings: Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (ONJ) (> Dental procedure, hygiene, cancer, chemotherapy, Steroids), Atypical femur fracture, Bone, joint, muscle pain, Esophagitis to esophageal perforation (instructions for administration), Hypocalcemia, Renal impairment (CrCl < 30 not recommended)
SE: Hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, Dyspepsia, heartburn, N/V, abdominal pain, Muscle pain, rash, hypertension, HA, UTI, infection
Otrexup
Methotrexate
Non biological DMARD used in RA
Single dose SC autoinjector
7.5-20 mg once weekly
BB: Hepatotoxicity, myelosuppression, mucositis/stomatitis pregnancy, acute renal failure, pneumonitis, GI toxicity, dermatological reactions, malignant lymphoma, potentially fatal opportunistic infections
CI: Pregnancy, breastfeeding, liver dx, alcoholism, immunodeficiency syndrome, blood dyscrasis
SE: N/V/D, ↑LFT, stomatitis, alopecia, photosensitivity, arthralgia, myalgia
Monitoring: CBC, LFT, TB test, HepB and C, chest X-Ray
Rasuvo
Methotrexate
Non biological DMARD used in RA
Single dose SC auto-innjector
7.5-20 mg once weekly
BB: Hepatotoxicity, myelosuppression, mucositis/stomatitis pregnancy, acute renal failure, pneumonitis, GI toxicity, dermatological reactions, malignant lymphoma, potentially fatal opportunistic infections
CI: Pregnancy, breastfeeding, liver dx, alcoholism, immunodeficiency syndrome, blood dyscrasis
SE: N/V/D, ↑LFT, stomatitis, alopecia, photosensitivity, arthralgia, myalgia
Monitoring: CBC, LFT, TB test, HepB and C, chest X-Ray
Trexall
Methotrexate
Non biological DMARD used in RA
Tablet
7.5-20 mg once weekly
BB: Hepatotoxicity, myelosuppression, mucositis/stomatitis pregnancy, acute renal failure, pneumonitis, GI toxicity, dermatological reactions, malignant lymphoma, potentially fatal opportunistic infections
CI: Pregnancy, breastfeeding, liver dx, alcoholism, immunodeficiency syndrome, blood dyscrasis
SE: N/V/D, ↑LFT, stomatitis, alopecia, photosensitivity, arthralgia, myalgia
Monitoring: CBC, LFT, TB test, HepB and C, chest X-Ray
Xatmep
Methotrexate
Non biological DMARD used in RA
Pediatric oral solution
7.5-20 mg once weekly
BB: Hepatotoxicity, myelosuppression, mucositis/stomatitis pregnancy, acute renal failure, pneumonitis, GI toxicity, dermatological reactions, malignant lymphoma, potentially fatal opportunistic infections
CI: Pregnancy, breastfeeding, liver dx, alcoholism, immunodeficiency syndrome, blood dyscrasis
SE: N/V/D, ↑LFT, stomatitis, alopecia, photosensitivity, arthralgia, myalgia
Monitoring: CBC, LFT, TB test, HepB and C, chest X-Ray
Plaquenil
Hydroxychloroquine
Non biological DMARD used in RA
Tablet
400 mg QD then 300 mg QD PO with food or milk
CI: Eye toxicity (irreversible retinopathy, ↓ visual acuity), neuromuscular weakness, cardiomyopathy, bone marrow suppression, hypoglycemia, caution in G6PD deficiency
SE: N/V/D, abdominal pain, pruritis, rash, HA, vision changes, pigmentation changes (skin, hairs)
Monitoring: CBC, LFT, eye exam and muscle strength at baseline and every 3 months
Less liver toxic than methotrexate then can be consider as an alternative
Monotherapy if low dx activity and Sx < 24 months
If no improvement after 6 months, consider alternative
Arava
Leflunomide
Non biological DMARD used in RA
Tablet
100 mg QD for 3 days the 20 mg QD (can ↓ 10 mg if 20 mg not tolerate) PO, Omit LD if higher risk of liver toxicity or immunosuppression
BB: Embryo-fetal toxicity => exclude pregnancy before starting Tx, Hepatotoxicity => do not start if liver enzyme 2x upper limit normal value (ULN)
CI: Pregnancy, severe hepatic dx, teriflunomide therapy
Warnings: Severe infections, severe skin reactions (SJS/TEN), peripheral neuropathy, lung dx, HTN
When D/C, use accelerate drug elimination to ↓ level of active metabolite, teriflunomide
SE: ↑ LFTs, nausea, diarrhea, respiratory infections, rash, HA
Monitoring: LFT, CBE: baseline / monthly for 6 months , BP, Screen TB and pregnancy before starting tx
Negative pregnancy before starting and 2 contraception methods during tx, Must wait 2 years after D/C for becoming pregnant or use accelerated elimination procedure
ProQuad
MMRV
Menactra
MCV4 (Meningococcal conjugated vaccine / quadrivalent)
Routine vaccination: 2 doses (11-12 yo, 16 yo)
Special population: travelers meningitis belt sub-Sahara Africa (requested by Saoudi Arabia on yellow card), lab worker with N.Meningitis exposition, student 1st year college in dorms (<21 yo)
Military recruit
Dose/timing depdt on Age/risk
Renew every 5 years of at risk
Olumiant
Baricitinib
Non biological DMARD used in RA
Tablet
2 mg QD
BB: Infections => screen for TB, Malignancy, Baricitinib: VTE causing death
Warnings: GI perforation, LFT, avoid live vaccines
SE: URTI, UTI, diarrhea, HA, HTN, ↑ lipids
Monitoring: CBC, Lipids, LFT, abdominal pain, signs of infection
Do not take if Lymphocyte < 500 cells/mm3, Hemoglobin < 8 g/dL, ANC < 1000 cells/mm3
Caution in Asian, more for SE
Available through speciality pharmacy network
Menveo
MCV4 (Meningococcal conjugated vaccine / quadrivalent)
Routine vaccination: 2 doses (11-12 yo, 16 yo)
Special population: travelers meningitis belt sub-Sahara Africa (requested by Saoudi Arabia on yellow card), lab worker with N.Meningitis exposition, student 1st year college in dorms (<21 yo)
Military recruit
Dose/timing depdt on Age/risk
Renew every 5 years of at risk
Bexsero
Meningococcal vaccine serogroup B 2 doses at 1 month apart for >= 10 yo Immunocompromised Lab worker with N. Meningitis exposition During outbreak In addition to MCV4
Trumenda
Meningococcal vaccine serogroup B 2 dose 6 months apart For >= 10 yo Immunocompromised Lab worker with N. Meningitis exposition Outbreak (3 dose month 0,2,6) On request 16-23 yo
In addition MCV4
IPOL
IPV (Inactivated Polyovirus Vaccine)
Varivax
Varicelle virus vaccine
Zostavax
Zoster Virus Vaccine
Shingrix
Zoster virus vaccine
Xopenex
Levalbuterol
SABA used in asthma as reliever (R-isomer)
1-2 inh Q4-6H PRN (45 mcg/inh)
Warning: CVD,diabetes, hyperthyroidism, seizure, glaucoma
SE: tremor, nervousness, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, tachycardia, cough
Monitor: Use, Sx, pulmonary fct, BG, HR, K
Ventolin HFA
Albuterol 90 mcg/inh
SABA for asthma (reliever)
1-2 inh Q4-6H PRN
Warning: CVD,diabetes, hyperthyroidism, seizure, glaucoma
SE: tremor, nervousness, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, tachycardia, cough
Monitor: Use, Sx, pulmonary fct, BG, HR, K
ProAir RespiClick
Albuterol
SABA for asthma (reliever)
1-2 inh Q4-6H PRN
BB: do not use if allergy to milk proteins
Warning: CVD,diabetes, hyperthyroidism, seizure, glaucoma
SE: tremor, nervousness, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, tachycardia, cough
Monitor: Use, Sx, pulmonary fct, BG, HR, K
Serevent diskus
Salmeterol
LABA for asthma (controller)
1 INH BID (50 mcg/inh)
BB: higher risk of asthma related deaths
Warning: CVD,diabetes, hyperthyroidism, seizure, glaucoma
SE: tremor, nervousness, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, tachycardia, cough
Monitor: Use, Sx, pulmonary fct, BG, HR, K
Nesina
Alogliptin
DDP4 inhibitor un diabetes type II
25 mg QD
Renal adjustments: CrCl<60(50%), CrCl<30(25%)
Warnings: pancreatitis, heart failure, arthralgia
SE: URTI, UTI, rash, peripheral edema
Monitoring: BG, A1C, renal function
Tradjenta
Linagliptin DDP4 inhibitor in disabetes type I 5 mg QD no renal adj Warnings: pancreatitis, heart failure (>alogliptin, Saxagliptin), arthralgia SE: URTI, UTI, rash, peripheral edema Monitoring: BG, A1C, renal function
Onglyza
Saxagliptin DPP4 inhibitor used in diabetes type II 2.5-5 mg QD Renal Adj: eGFR <45 ml/min/1.73m2 Warnings: pancreatitis, heart failure, arthralgia SE: URTI, UTI, rash, peripheral edema Monitoring: BG, A1C, renal function
Januvia
Sitagliptin
DPP4 inhibitor used in diabetes type II 100 mg QD
Renal adjustments: CrCl<60(50%), CrCl<30(25%)
Warnings: pancreatitis, heart failure (>alogliptin, Saxagliptin), arthralgia
SE: URTI, UTI, rash, peripheral edema
Monitoring: BG, A1C, renal function
Novolog
Insulin aspart
Rapid acting insulin
Fiasp
Insulin aspart
Rapid acting insulin
Apidra
Insulin glulisine
Rapid acting insulin
Humalog
Insulin lispro
Rapid acting insulin
Ademalog
Insulin lispro
Rapid acting insulin
Afrezza
Human rapid acting insulin
Powder for inhalation
TNKase
Tenecteplase
Fibrinolytic for ACS when PCI not available
Retavase
Reteplase
Fibrinolytic in ACS when PCI not possible
Kemgreal
Cangrelor
P2Y12 inhibitor for ACS when PCI
ReoPro
Abciximab
GIIb/GIIIa receptor antagonist in ACS
Integrilin
Eptifibatid
GIIb/GIIIa receptor antagonist in ACS
Aggrastat
Tirofiban
GIIb/GIIIa receptor antagonist in ACS
Simulect
Basiliximab
Interleukin-2 receptor antagonist for induction immunosuppression
ATGAM
Horse antithymocyte globulin for induction immunosuppression
Thymoglobulin
Rabbit antithymoglobulin for induction immunosuppression
Prograf
Tacrolimus
Calcineurin inhibitor for maintenance immunosuppression
Astagraf
Tacrolimus
Calcineurin inhibitor for maintenance immunosuppression
Envarsus
Tacrolimus
Calcineurin inhibitor for maintenance immunosuppression
Neoral
Cyclosporine
Calcineurin inhibitor for maintenance immunosuppression
Sandimmune
Cyclosporine
Calcineurin inhibitor for maintenance immunosuppression
Gengraf
Cyclosporine
Calcineurin inhibitor for maintenance immunosuppression
CellCept
Mycophenolate mofetil
Antiproliferative agent for maintenance immunosuppression
Myfortic
Mycophenolic acid
Antiproliferative agent for maintenance immunosuppression
Imuran
Azathioprine
Antiproliferative agent for maintenance immunosuppression
Azasan
Azathioprine
Antiproliferative agent for maintenance immunosuppression
Zortress
Everolimus
Antiproliferative agent for maintenance immunosuppression
Rapamune
Sirolimus
Antiproliferative agent for maintenance immunosuppression
Xeljanz
Tofacitinib
Non biological DMARD used in RA
Tablet
5 mg BID, XR: 11 mg QD
BB: Infections => screen for TB, Malignancy, Baricitinib: VTE causing death
Warnings: GI perforation, LFT, avoid live vaccines
SE: URTI, UTI, diarrhea, HA, HTN, ↑ lipids
Monitoring: CBC, Lipids, LFT, abdominal pain, signs of infection
Do not take if Lymphocyte < 500 cells/mm3, Hemoglobin < 9 g/dL, ANC < 1000 cells/mm3
Caution in Asian, more for SE
Available through speciality pharmacy network
Praluent
Alirocumab PCSK9 inhibitor for cholesterol (HeFH ASCV) Prefilled syringed, Pen-injector 75 mg/ml, 150 mg/ml Warnings: Allergic reactions SE: Injection site reaction, Nasopharyngitis, URTI, UTI, Influenza Monitoring: LDL at baseline and after 4-8 weeks to assess response
Questran
Cholestyramine
Bile acid séquestrant for cholesterol
Powder packet (4 grams )
Initial: 4 grams QD or BID, Maintenance: 4-8 grams BID with meals (max 24 grams/day)
CI: Cholestyramine: biliary obstruction, Colesevelam: bowel obstruction and TG>500
Warnings: Cholestyramine and colesevelam with phenylalanine (!!!phenylketonuria), Bleeding (vit K deficiency)
SE: Constipation, abdominal pain, bloating, cramping, gas, ↑ TG ,LFT, dyspepsia, nausea, esophageal obstruction
ACC/AHA do not recommend when TG ≥ 300 mg/dL
Colesevelam can be considered as an option in a pregnant patient
Repatha
Evolocumab
PCSK9 inhibitor for cholesterol (HeFH, ASCVD, HoFH)
Prefilled syringed, auto-injector, Prefilled cartridges
140 mg/ml, 420 mg/3.5 ml
Warnings: Allergic reactions
SE: Injection site reaction, Nasopharyngitis, URTI, UTI, Influenza
Monitoring: LDL at baseline and after 4-8 weeks to assess response
Prevalite
Cholestyramine
Bile acid sequestrant used for cholesterol
Powder packet (4 grams )
Initial: 4 grams QD or BID, Maintenance: 4-8 grams BID with meals (max 24 grams/day)
CI: Cholestyramine: biliary obstruction, Colesevelam: bowel obstruction and TG>500
Warnings: Cholestyramine and colesevelam with phenylalanine (!!!phenylketonuria), Bleeding (vit K deficiency)
SE: Constipation, abdominal pain, bloating, cramping, gas, ↑ TG ,LFT, dyspepsia, nausea, esophageal obstruction
ACC/AHA do not recommend when TG ≥ 300 mg/dL
Colesevelam can be considered as an option in a pregnant patient
Welchol
Colesevelam
Bile acid sequestrant for cholesterol
Tablet (625 mg), Granule packet (3.75 grams)
3.75 grams QD (divided doses option) w/ meal and liquid
CI: Cholestyramine: biliary obstruction, Colesevelam: bowel obstruction and TG>500
Warnings: Cholestyramine and colesevelam with phenylalanine (!!!phenylketonuria), Bleeding (vit K deficiency)
SE: Constipation, abdominal pain, bloating, cramping, gas, ↑ TG ,LFT, dyspepsia, nausea, esophageal obstruction
ACC/AHA do not recommend when TG ≥ 300 mg/dL
Colesevelam can be considered as an option in a pregnant patient
Antara
Fenofibrate
For cholesterol
30-90 mg QD
For cholesterol
45-135 mg QD
CI: Severe liver dx including primary biliary cirrhosis, Severe renal dx (CrCl<30), Gallbladder dx, Nursing mother: fenofibrate only, Concurrent use with repaglinide or simvastatin (gemfibrozil only)
Warnings: Myopathy ↑ when coadministration of statin, > in elderly, diabetes, renal failure, hypothyroidism
Cholelithiasis, Reversible ↑ SCr (>2 g/dl) clinical significance unknown
SE: ↑ LFT, abdominal pain, ↑ CPK, dyspepsia, URTI
Monitoring: LFT, renal function
↓ dose if CrCl 30-80 (fenofibrate)
Colestid
Colestipol
Bile acid sequestrant for cholesterol
Tablet (1 gram), Powder Packet (5 grams), Granule packet (5 grams)
2 T PO QD/BID (max 16g/day), 5 grams pack QD/BID (max 30g/day)
CI: Cholestyramine: biliary obstruction, Colesevelam: bowel obstruction and TG>500
Warnings: Cholestyramine and colesevelam with phenylalanine (!!!phenylketonuria), Bleeding (vit K deficiency)
SE: Constipation, abdominal pain, bloating, cramping, gas, ↑ TG ,LFT, dyspepsia, nausea, esophageal obstruction
ACC/AHA do not recommend when TG ≥ 300 mg/dL
Colesevelam can be considered as an option in a pregnant patient
