toothwear Flashcards
what is attrition?
loss of tooth substance/restoration as a result of mastication or of occlusal or proximal contact between teeth
define physiological
occurs with age
what areas are commonly affected by physiological attrition?
proximal surfaces, occlusal and incisal edges
signs of physiological attrition
flattening of cusps, disappearance of mamelons, exposed dentine may be brown or cup shaped lesions.
what is pathological attriton?
confined to local areas caused by a parafunction or malalignment
what is bruxism
clenching or grinding of teeth
what causes bruxism
stress, occlusal forces r interferences
what are signs and symptoms of bruxism?
o Visible wear o Abnormal rate of attrition o Hypertrophy of masticatory muscles o Muscle weaknesses o TMJ pain o Tooth mobility o Pulp sensitive to cold
how would you treat bruxism?
remove occlusal interferences, acrylic splint
why is there no sensitivity with attrition?
slow process allows formation of secondary dentine
what is abrasion?
pathological wearing away of tooth surface structure due to repetitive mechanical forces or habits
what is cervical abrasion?
V shaped groove caused by horizontal brushing
what is abfraction?
tooth flexure from occlusal loading, microfractures in enamel, cavitation
what is habitual abrasion?
abrasion due to habit i,e pipe smoking or instruments localised to the area of habit
what is iatrogenic abrasion?
opposing teeth grinding to accomodate restorations
what is industrial abrasion?
uncommon now, due to abrasive particles present in atmosphere
what is erosion?
progressive loss of hard dental tissue by an acidic chemical process without bacterial action
what are the signs and symptoms of erosion?
♣ Any surface ♣ Smooth polished appearance ♣ Shallow depressions ♣ Palatal chipping of incisal edges ♣ Criss cross appearance ♣ Hollows have no relation to occlusion ♣ Cupping of lower molars
what is extrinsic erosion?
Labial surfaces of anterior teeth, occlusal surfaces of lower molars
Caused by outside source i.e food/drink, habitual hazards, heavily chlorinated water.
what is intrinsic erosion?
Reflux- hiatus hernia, gastric ulcer, gastro oesophagus, perimyolysis, stress reflux syndrome.
Vomiting- pregnancy/bulimia
what are clinical signs of bulimia
normal body weight, erosion of palatal surfaces of upper teeth, lesions on palate, fingers, oral mucosa and lips. signs of malnutrition
what is the dental management of erosion?
Find and remove cause Fluoride therapy Maintain OH Spit don’t rinse Restore if necessary Don’t brush after acid attack
when would you intervene with NCTTL?
o poor aesthetics o Loss of vitality o Loss of function o Sensitivity o Lesion progressing o Pulp compromised
treatment options for NCTTL?
o Prevention o Fluoride o CHX-crevitec o Resin- seal and protect o Night guard o Restoration
