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Dentistry Module 4 > Tooth Morphology > Flashcards

Tooth Morphology Flashcards

1
Q

What does height of contour (HOC) refer to?

A

The widest part of a tooth

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2
Q

Which tooth is usually the tallest in the oral cavity?

A

Mandibular canines

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3
Q

What shape are the maxillary central and lateral incisors described to have from a facial view?

A

Trapezoid shape

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4
Q

Which corner on a maxillary central incisor is sharper, usually at 90 degrees? Mesial or distal?

A

Mesial

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5
Q

Which corner on a maxillary central incisor is more rounded, Mesial or distal?

A

Distal

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6
Q

On a maxillary central incisor, which direction incisally is larger? Mesio-distal or bucco-lingual?

A

Mesio-distal

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7
Q

How many root canals does a maxillary central incisor have?

A

1

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8
Q

What maxillary tooth is the narrowest?

A

Permanent maxillary lateral incisor

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9
Q

Which maxillary incisor has a convex crown and root?

A

Maxillary lateral incisor

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10
Q

Which tooth is most likely to be malformed?

A

Maxillary lateral incisor

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11
Q

How many root canals does maxillary lateral incisor have?

A

1

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12
Q

Which permanent tooth is the first to erupt in the mouth?

A

Permanent mandibular central incisor

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13
Q

Which 4 teeth in the mouth only make occlusal contact with one opposing tooth, unlike the rest of teeth?

A

Upper third molars, and lower central incisors

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14
Q

Which tooth has the shortest root?

A

Mandibular central incisor

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15
Q

In a mandibular central incisor, where does the incisal edge fall relative to the long axis of the tooth?

A

Lingual

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16
Q

What is a key feature of the mesial and distal root surfaces of mandibular central incisors?

A

Developmental depressions

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17
Q

How many root canals does a mandibular central incisor have?

A

70 % 1 root canal
30% 2 root canals

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18
Q

What distinguishes the mandibular lateral incisor from the central incisor the most?

A

The mandibular lateral incisor’s distal marginal ridge peaks out from the medial view (distal twist)

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19
Q

How many root canals does the mandibular lateral incisor have?

A

55% have 1 root canal
45% have 2 root canals

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20
Q

Which incisor is the most likely to have two pulp canals?

A

Mandibular lateral incisor

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21
Q

What anterior teeth have the lowest value, appearing darker?

A

Canines

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22
Q

What is the canine eminence?

A

Prominence on the surface of the maxillary bone caused by the bulky canine root

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23
Q

The canine is the longest tooth in the oral cavity, at around 3cm. True or false?

A

True

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24
Q

Which anterior tooth has the largest cingulum on its lingual aspect?

A

Maxillary canine

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25
Q

How many root canals does the maxillary canine have?

A

1

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26
Q

On what side of the mandibular canine is there a straight line from crown to root?

A

Mesial

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27
Q

which tooth in the oral cavity has the longest crown inciso-cervically?

A

Mandibular canine

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28
Q

What is meant by ‘shark arc’ on mandibular canines, when viewed from the medial aspect?

A

The facial aspect has a continuous, convex surface from crown to root

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29
Q

How many root canals does a mandibular canine have?

A

95% 1 root canal
5% 2 root canals

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30
Q

Which anterior tooth is most likely to have a bifurcated root (buccaly and lingually)?

A

Permanent mandibular canine

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31
Q

Which premolar is the largest?

A

The maxillary first premolar

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32
Q

How would you decipher if a premolar is maxillary or mandibular?

A

Maxillary premolars are more oval shaped, whereas mandibular premolars are more rounded

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33
Q

What is the defining feature of a maxillary first premolar?

A

It has a mesial marginal ridge groove

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34
Q

How many cusps do premolars have?

35
Q

How many pulp horns does a maxillary first premolar have?

36
Q

how many root/s does a permanent maxillary first premolar typically have, 85% of the time?

37
Q

Which tooth is notorious for root tip fracture during extractions?

A

Permanent first maxillary premolars

38
Q

How does the buccal cusp of the second maxillary premolar differ from the first maxillary premolar?

A

The cusp is blunter

39
Q

Permanent maxillary second premolars have a bifurcation. True or false?

A

False, no bifurcation only one root

40
Q

How many root canals do permanent maxillary second premolars typically have, 75% of the time?

A

1 root canal

41
Q

Which premolars are the smallest in the mouth?

A

Permanent mandibular first premolars

42
Q

What is the permanent mandibular first premolars most prominent feature on its lingual aspect?

A

Mesio-lingual developmental groove

43
Q

What is the permanent mandibular first premolars most prominent feature on its occlusal aspect?

A

Uniquely prominent transverse ridge

44
Q

What is important to note about the lingual cusp of permanent mandibular first premolars?

A

It is very short

45
Q

Which posterior teeth are the only ones that can occasionally have 1 pulp horn?

A

Permanent mandibular first premolars

46
Q

How many root canals to permanent mandibular first premolars typically have, 75% of the time?

A

1 root canal

47
Q

What is the defining cusp feature of permanent mandibular second premolars?

A

Lingual groove separating two lingual cusps

48
Q

Which lingual cusp of permanent second mandibular molars is larger? Mesial or distal?

49
Q

Typically, how many root canals to permanent mandibular second premolars have?

A

1 root canal

50
Q

Which tooth is widest bucco-lingually in the entire mouth?

A

The permanent maxillary first molar

51
Q

What defining feature of the first permanent maxillary molar can be seen from the lingual aspect?

A

The cusp of carabelli

52
Q

Which cusp on the permanent maxillary first molar is the cusp of carabelli attached to?

A

The mesio-lingual cusp

53
Q

Which root on the permanent maxillary first molar is the longest and diverges the most?

A

The palatal root

54
Q

What is the most important feature of the occlusal surface of permanent maxillary first molars?

A

Oblique ridge

55
Q

what side of the permanent maxillary first molar is the oblique ridge closest to?

A

The distal side

56
Q

How many pulp horns does a permanent maxillary first molar have?

57
Q

How many root canals can a permanent maxillary first molar have?

A

70% 4 root canals
30% 3 root canals

58
Q

What side of the permanent maxillary first molar crown do the root canals favour? (usually found)

A

The mesial side

59
Q

which root, of the permanent maxillary first molar, usually has two root canals?

A

The buccal root

60
Q

How do permanent maxillary second molars roots differ from permanent maxillary first molar’s?

A

They are less divergent and lean more distally

61
Q

Which cusp is most likely to be missing in the ‘ heart-shaped’ variant of permanent maxillary second molars?

A

The disto-lingual cusp

62
Q

How many root canals can permanent maxillary second molars have?

A

65% have 4 root canals
35% have 3 root canals

63
Q

Which permanent teeth are the widest mesio-distally?

A

Permanent mandibular first molars

64
Q

Which permanent tooth is most likely to become carious?

A

Permanent mandibular first molar

65
Q

How many roots does a Permanent mandibular first premolar have?

A

Two roots (mesial and distal)

66
Q

What is the main differences between the mesial and distal roots of the Permanent mandibular first molar?

A

The mesial root curves more and is biconcave (as it has two root canals), whereas the distal is straighter with a narrower root

67
Q

How many cusps does a Permanent mandibular first molar have on its occlusal surface?

68
Q

how many pulp horns do Permanent mandibular first molars have?

69
Q

How many root canals do Permanent mandibular first molars have typically (65% of the time)?

A

3 root canals

70
Q

How many root canals can Permanent mandibular first molars have?

A

65% have 3 roots
32% have 4 roots
3% have 2 roots

71
Q

Which molar tooth has the longest roots?

A

Permanent mandibular first molar

72
Q

How do Permanent mandibular second molar roots differ from Permanent mandibular first molars?

A

The roots are more parallel (almost convergent)

73
Q

Which permanent teeth are the most likely to have a cervical enamel projection?

A

Permanent mandibular second molars

74
Q

What are cervical enamel projections and what complications are associated with them?

A

Where the enamel dips down into the furcation area, this can male the tooth vulnerable to periodontal pocket in this area (risk of periodontitis)

75
Q

what is the defining feature of Permanent mandibular second molar’s crown?

A

Mesio-buccal cervical bulge

76
Q

How many cusps do Permanent mandibular second molars have?

77
Q

How many pul horns do Permanent mandibular second molars have?

78
Q

How many root canals do Permanent mandibular second molars have 55% of the time?

A

3 root canals

79
Q

How many root canals do Permanent mandibular second molars have 45% of the time?

A

4 root canals

80
Q

What percentage of people are missing at least one permanent third molar?

81
Q

What percentage of people have at least one impacted permanent third molar?

82
Q

Which permanent teeth have the shortest crown?

A

Maxillary third molars

83
Q

Which posterior permanent teeth have the shortest roots?

A

Mandibualr third molars

84
Q

Which permanent teeth have the most variable morphology, often with root convergence?

A

Mandibular third molars

Dentistry Module 4 (20 decks)

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