Pharyngeal Arch Structures Flashcards
What is the first pharyngeal arch known as?
The mandibular arch
How many pharyngeal arches are there?
6
What is the second pharyngeal arch known as?
Hyoid arch
Which branchial arch disappears very early in development?
5
Which pharyngeal arch does not contain any endoderm and is only a continuation of the ectoderm?
1st arch
Treacher Collins is an abnormality of which pharyngeal arch?
1st arch
Which cleft/groove is exempt of being obliterated by the cervical sinus as the neck develops?
1st cleft/groove
Where do pharyngeal membranes appear?
On the floor of the pharyngeal grooves
Which is the only pharyngeal membrane to become the tympanic membrane, instead of obliterating like all the others?
1st pharyngeal membrane
What is ectopic thymic or parathyroid tissue?
A condition where thymus tissue or parathyroid tissue is found in an abnormal location due to failure to migrate completely
Which pharyngeal arch has very little homeobox gene expression?
1st pharyngeal arch
What is the blood supply to the mandibular arch?
Maxillary artery
What is the blood supply to the pharyngeal arch 3?
Internal carotid artery
What is the blood supply to the hyoid arch?
Hyoid artery and stapedial artery
What is the blood supply to the pharyngeal arch 4?
Right subclavian artery and aorta
What cranial nerve is associated with pharyngeal arch 2?
VII, the facial nerve
What cranial nerve is associated with pharyngeal arch 3?
IX, Glossopharyngeal nerve
What cranial nerve is associated with pharyngeal arch 1?
V, Trigeminal nerve
What cranial nerve is associated with pharyngeal arch 4?
X, the vagus nerve
What muscles are associated with pharyngeal arch 1?
- muscles of mastication
- tensor tympani
- mylohyoid
- tensor veli palatini
- anterior belly of digastric
What muscles are associated with pharyngeal arch 3?
- stylopharyngeus
What muscles are associated with pharyngeal arch 2?
- muscles of facial expression
- stapedius
- stylohyoid
- posterior belly of digastric
What muscles are associated with pharyngeal arch 4?
- pharyngeal constrictor
- soft palate
What bones are formed by the mandibular pharyngeal arch?
- malleus
- incus
What ligament is formed by the mandibular pharyngeal arch?
Sphenomandibular ligament
What cartilage is associated with pharyngeal arch 1?
Meckel’s cartilage
What bones are formed by the hyoid pharyngeal arch?
- stapes
- styloid process
- lesser horn of hyoid
- part of hyoid body
Which ligament is formed by the 2nd pharyngeal arch?
Stylohyoid ligament
What cartilage is associated with the hyoid pharyngeal arch?
Riechart’s cartilage
What bones are formed from the 3rd pharyngeal arch?
- greater horn of hyoid
- part of body of hyoid
what cartilages are formed from pharyngeal arch 4?
Laryngeal cartilages
What structure does the 1st pharyngeal groove form?
External auditory meatus
What structures does the first pharyngeal pouch form?
Middle ear and auditory tube
What structures does the second pharyngeal pouch form?
Supratonsillar fossa
What structures does the third pharyngeal pouch form?
Thymus and inferior parathyroid gland
What structures does the fourth pharyngeal pouch form?
Superior parathyroid gland and post-branchial body
