Tools in Assessing Climate Change Flashcards
Forests are the ________
on earth as they hold more than 80% of all terrestrial above ground
carbon (AGC) and more than 70% of
all soil organic carbon (SOC).
largest carbon pool
forests are found to play
a key role in the emission mitigation by sequestrating the atmospheric carbon into biomass and soil, and it plays an important role in the _______
global carbon cycle
Carbon Stock Assessment
- ______ the amount of carbon stocked in the individual component of the forest or the forest as a whole
calculating
Carbon Stock Assessment
- measures the _______ and its components or
an ecosystem component to sequester Carbon
potential of a forest
Carbon Stock Assessment
- “A tree is ____ carbon”
50%
By composition wood is
- ___ Carbon,
- ___ Oxygen,
- __ Hydrogen and
- __ Nitrogen
50%
42%
6%
1%
- dry matter weight of organic material
- the total mass of living organisms
Biomass
- includes the biomass of tree, understory and herbaceous vegetation
Aboveground biomass (AGB)
- includes the biomass of the soil and roots
Belowground biomass
- is the dry matter weight of organic material (above-or belowground, live or dead).
Biomass
- is a reservoir or a system which has the capacity to accumulate or release carbon.
- Examples are forest biomass, wood products, soils, and atmosphere.
Carbon Pool
- is the natural features that absorb CO2, such as forests or seas.
Carbon Sink
- is the absolute quantity of carbon held within a pool at specified time.
Carbon stock
- are standing dead tree and fallen logs.
Course wood debris (CWD)
- is the L and O horizon comprising of dead plant material that lies on top of the mineral soil.
Litter
- is dead wood material in the forest that is beyond 5cm dbh and 0.5m length.
Necromass
- rate is the yearly sequestration of CO2, taken from the difference between
sequestration observation for two time periods divided by the number of years elapsed.
Sequestration
- is the amount of carbon derived from the weight of soil in Mg multiplied by %SOC. The %SOC being derived from its relations to %OM.
Soil organic carbon (SOC)
- plants are undergrowth which includes saplings, wildlings and grass
Understory/herbaceous
is defined as the process of capturing carbon from the atmosphere so that the buildup of carbon dioxide (the principal greenhouse gas) concentration will be reduced
Carbon sequestration
defined by Watson et al. as an anthropogenic intervention designed to reduce the emissions or to enhance the sinks to greenhouse gases.
Climate change mitigation
defined as interventions to minimize the impact of climate change to those likely to be affected by this phenomenon.
Climate change adaptation
measures the potential of a forest and its components or an ecosystem component to sequester Carbon.
Carbon stock assessment
In forestry, there are so many C assessment tools now a days and they all started from this concept ____________________.
“A tree is 50% carbon”
By composition wood is _____ Carbon, ______ Oxygen, ____ Hydrogen and ____ Nitrogen
50%; 42%; 6%; 1%
___________________ is the amount of GHG often measured using CO2 equivalent.
Greenhouse gas emission
A ______________________ is a tool that can provide historical information of the anthropogenic GHG emission sources and removals within a certain area
GHG emission inventory or accounting
meaning the trees will be cut to determine the biomass (dry matter weight) of the various parts of the tree which will be used in the calculation of GHG. It is usually done only to establish the baselines
Destructive sampling
Carbon pool:
- AGB
- BGB
- Litter
- Necromass
- Understory/herbaceous plants
In its Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC), the Philippines committed to reduce its GHG emissions by ______ by 2030
75%
Sectors and activity sources of GHG emissions:
- STATIONARY ENERGY
- ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION
- TRANSPORTATION
- WASTE
- AGRICULTURE
- FORESTRY
establishes the Philippine Greenhouse Gas Inventory Management and Reporting System (PGHGIMRS) to institutionalize the planning, preparation, and management of the country’s GHG inventory
Executive Order No. 174, s. 2014
For the agriculture sector:
Department of Agriculture and Philippine Statistics Authority
Executive Order No. 174, s. 2014 establishes the ________________________________________ to institutionalize the planning, preparation, and management of the country’s GHG inventory
Philippine Greenhouse Gas Inventory Management and Reporting System (PGHGIMRS)
For the energy sector:
Department of Energy
For the waste, industrial processes, and product use, and forestry and other land use sectors:
Department of Environment and Natural Resources
For the transport sector:
Department of Transportation
In its Intended Nationally
Determined Contribution (INDC),
the Philippines committed to
reduce its GHG emissions by ______
by 2030
75%
- In the training materials on Carbon sequestration as provided by FDC, CFNR-UPLB (2013)
Biomass Estimation of Trees
there are two general methods of biomass estimation, that is:
a. destructive and
b. non-destructive type.
By its’ name this entail _________, meaning the trees will be cut to determine the biomass (dry matter weight) of the various parts of the tree which will be used in the calculation of GHG.
destructive method
Destructive sampling is usually done only to establish the _____
baselines
STATIONARY ENERGY
Residential fuel:
- LPG
- charcoal
- diesel
- gasoline
- kerosene
- fuel
- wood
ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION:
- Residential
- Commercial
- Institution
- Street lights
TRANSPORTATION:
- Road Transportation
WASTE:
- Solid waste
- Waste water
AGRICULTURE:
- Rice cultivation
- Livestock production
- Agricultural soils
FORESTRY:
- Commercial harvest
- Fuelwood consumption
- LULC changes
