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TD > tools and processes and moulding > Flashcards

tools and processes and moulding Flashcards

1
Q

What does wasting mean

A

Wasting is the term given to any of the cutting processes that produce waste material wasting change of both the size and the shape of the resistant material, e.g. sawing, filling, panelling, lathe work, drilling, and machining

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2
Q

What does fabrication mean

A

Fabrication is the joining of pieces of material, using the most appropriate method. This includes joints, screws, rivets, and giving to from a desired shape.

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3
Q

What are the 5 Steps for bending plastic

A

1 mark bend line with non permanent pen and a dashed line
2 line the bend line up with the wire of the line bender strip heater
3 wait until the plastic is soft
4 bend to desired angle
5 hold until cool

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4
Q

What are the 3 steps for Bending metal

A

1 mark bend line with a scribes and a dashed line
2 line up the bend line with the folding bars or top of a vice
3 use scrap wood and a hammer to bend the metal to desired angle

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5
Q

What is a pencil used for in wood

A

Drawing and marking lines

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6
Q

what is a steel rule used for in wood

A

measuring in mm and marking straight lines

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7
Q

what is a tri-square used for in wood

A

marking and testing right angle

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8
Q

what is a sliding bevel used for in wood

A

marking and testing any desired angle

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9
Q

what is a marking knife used for in wood

A

to break the grain to keep marking accurate

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10
Q

what is a marking gauge used for in wood

A

marking drill holes

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11
Q

what is a steel rule used for in metal

A

make your scriber marks stand out

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12
Q

what is a scriber used for in metal

A

marking out lines by scratching the surface

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13
Q

what is a engineer’s square used for in metal

A

marking and testing right angles

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14
Q

what is a centre punch used for in metal

A

marking drill hole

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15
Q

what is a engineer’s marker blue used for in metal

A

make your scriber marks stand out

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16
Q

what is a spring leg dividers used for in metal

A

marking circle and regular intervals

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17
Q

what is a steel rule used for in plastic

A

measuring in mm and marking straight lines

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18
Q

what is a tri-square used for in plastic

A

marking and testing right angle

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19
Q

what is a non permanent pen used for in plastic

A

marking and drawing lines

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20
Q

shape of a cutting line in plastic (solid line)

A

____________

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21
Q

shape of a bending line in plastic (dashed line)

A
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22
Q

shape of a hole in plastic (cross)

A

+

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23
Q

what is a Vernier Caliper

A

the Vernier Caliper is a precision instrument that can be used to measure internal and external distances extremely accurately

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24
Q

what is a Micrometer

A

the Micrometer is a precision measuring instrument, used by engineers. each revolution of the rachet moves the spinel face 0.5mm towards the anvil face.

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25
Q

name the 4 types of saws

A

tenon saw
coping saw
hacksaw
scroll saw

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26
Q

features of a tenon saw

A

bid blade
long brass spine

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27
Q

application of a tenon saw

A

cuts wood
cuts straight lines

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28
Q

features of a coping saw

A

small blade
metal spine

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29
Q

application of a coping saw

A

cuts curve lines in wood and plastic

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30
Q

features of a hacksaw

A

medium blade
metal spine

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31
Q

application of a hacksaw

A

cuts curves in metal and plastic

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32
Q

features of a scroll saw

A

coping saw that goes up and down

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33
Q

application of a scroll saw

A

accurate curves in wood and plastic

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34
Q

name the 3 wood wasting tools

A

hand plane
wood chisel
mallet

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35
Q

features of a hand plane

A

made out of metal for fine thin wood

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36
Q

application of a hand plane

A

shaves down the edge of the wood

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37
Q

features of a wood chisel

A

sharping cutting edge and a sharp edge to slice across the grain

38
Q

application of a wood chisel

A

press down from the chest with pressure to remove waste

39
Q

features of a mallet

A

made out of rubber or wood

40
Q

application of a mallet

A

used to hammer in a nail and to strike a chisel

41
Q

name the 5 dill bits

A

twist drill bit
flat drill bit
forstner bit
hole cutter
countersunk drill bit

42
Q

features of a twist drill bit

A

made from carbon or high speed steel

43
Q

application of a twist drill bit

A

drill small holes in wood, plastic and metal

44
Q

features of a flat drill bit

A

very quick cutting of holes with a power drill

45
Q

application of a flat drill bit

A

drill large flat bottomed holes on wood and plastics

46
Q

features of a forstner bit

A

designed to drill a flat-bottomed hole in wood

47
Q

application of a forstner bit

A

drilling larger diameters into wood

48
Q

features of a hole cutter

A

cup-shaped metal cylinder with a toothed cutting edge on the open end

49
Q

application of a hole cutter

A

cutting round holes in wood and plastic

50
Q

features of a countersunk drill bit

A

the metal pointed tip

51
Q

application of a countersunk drill bit

A

creating circular holes in material from drywall and wood to metal and masonry

52
Q

name the 3 types of drills

A

hand drill
cordless drill
pillar drill

53
Q

features of a hand drill

A

The hand drill consists of a cranking handle that turns pinion gears on the main shaft. A chuck at the end of the shaft holds a drill bit.

54
Q

application of a hand drill

A

Place the bit’s tip where you want to cut a hole, making sure the bit is at the same angle as the desired hole. Turn the cranking handle to rotate the bit and drill the hole.

55
Q

features of a cordless drill

A

Cordless drills work on rechargeable batteries, allowing the user to insert a battery pack and instantly have an operating drill without a power cable.

56
Q

application of a cordless drill

A

This tool may be used to drill holes in metal, plastics, wood, and stone, as well as drive screws with an electric screwdriver.

57
Q

features of a pillar drill

A

The machines are relatively simple and are centred around a substantial steel column; onto one end is attached the motor, drive belt system and chuck.

58
Q

application of a pillar drill

A

These bits are then used to accurately machine, drill or tap holes in a variety of materials such as metal and wood.

59
Q

name the 3 types of hammers

A

claw hammer
pin hammer
ball pein hammer

60
Q

features of a claw hammer

A

The face, shaped into a circular anvil about an inch in diameter, is primarily for driving nails. The claws can be straight or curved, flat or pointed.

61
Q

application of a claw hammer

A

used to hammer and remove large nails particularly when roofing houses

62
Q

features of a pin hammer

A

r. The diagonal-peen hammer’s head, as the name implies, is at a 45° angle from the handle.

63
Q

application of a pin hammer

A

used to hammer in small nails

64
Q

features of a ball pein hammer

A

It has two heads, one flat and the other, called the peen, rounded.

65
Q

application of a ball pein hammer

A

used to hammer in larger nails and to flatten the heads of metal rivets

66
Q

name the 3 types of files

A

flat files
half round files
round files

67
Q

features of a flat file

A

It has a flat surface with parallel edges, ideal for general-purpose filing. Its versatile shape makes it suitable for both concave and flat surfaces.

68
Q

application of a flat file

A

used to remove waste material (wood, metal and plastic) to a finished size. using a file is the first stage of finishing/smoothing material.

69
Q

features of a half round files

A

The combination of a flat side and rounded side means that the half round file is ideal for use on concave, convex and flat surfaces making it a very versatile tool.

70
Q

application of a half round files

A

is it used for filing out internal curves

71
Q

features of a round file

A

the whole thing is round very good to smooth out holes to your desired shape

72
Q

application of a round file

A

is it used for filing out holes

73
Q

explain the process of cross filing

A

Cross filing involves securing the metalwork piece firmly, choosing an appropriate file, and holding it perpendicular to the work surface while applying pressure. The file is then moved diagonally across the metal in one direction, ensuring consistent strokes until the file loses its bite. To maintain evenness, the filing direction is alternated diagonally in the opposite direction. Regular checks for a smooth, levelled surface are made by running a hand or a straight edge across it. Once the desired levelness is achieved, finishing touches using finer abrasives or files help smoothen the surface further, resulting in a flat and uniform finish on the metal.

74
Q

explain the process of draw filing

A

Draw filing is a metalworking technique used to refine surfaces to a high level of smoothness and flatness. In this process, a file, often a single-cut mill file, is used with the workpiece firmly secured. The file is positioned at an angle, typically around 15-30 degrees to the work surface, and pulled lengthwise with long, steady strokes. This action removes small imperfections left from previous filing processes, creating a finer and more polished surface. The file is lifted at the end of each stroke and returned to the starting position to maintain a consistent filing pattern. Draw filing continues until the desired level of smoothness and flatness is achieved, resulting in a refined and even surface on the metal.

75
Q

name the 5 machines

A

bandfacer/linisher (sanding machine)
pedestal polisher
milling machine
wood lathe
metal/plastic lathe

76
Q

features of a bandfacer/linisher (sanding machine)

A

the abrasive belts are available from 40 grit to 400 grit to suit the material removal rate or the finish required

76
Q

application of a bandfacer/linisher (sanding machine)

A

a linisher turns a belt or a disc of abrasive material to smooth a workpiece, creating a level, even surface

77
Q

features of a pedestal polisher

A

perform operations of brushing, buffing, polishing and for the lathes finishing of any metal material

78
Q

application of a pedestal polisher

A

used to sharper high-speed steel cutting tools used on the laths and milling machines, or used to remove surface imperfections and to work extremely hard material.

79
Q

features of a milling machine

A

milling machine operates by a rotating cutter to remove material from the work pieces

80
Q

application of a milling machine

A

used the T-slots on the table to directly clamp the work and also use a machine vice with a swivel base

81
Q

application of a wood lathe

A

the work is held between the head stock and the tail stock and rotates a high speed while cutting tools, including a variety of chisels and gouges, gradually cut and shape it.

81
Q

features of a wood lathe

A

the wood lathe uses a range of chisels and gouges to cut the spinning wood into complex profile.

82
Q

features of a metal/plastic lathe

A

The main use is to remove unwanted parts of the material, leaving behind a nicely shaped workpiece.

83
Q

application of a metal/plastic lathe

A

Metal turning lathes are used to precision machine circular (round) features on metal, plastic, and composite work pieces.

84
Q

what is vacuum forming

A

vacuum forming is used for food and confectionary packaging, trays, shop fittings and baths.

85
Q

What are the 8 steps for vacuum forming

A

1 put the mould in the machine
2 put the plastic over the mould
3 make the vacuum air tight
4 heat the plastic
5 raise the mould
6 suck the air out
7 wait until its cool
8 remove the mould

86
Q

What are the 7 properties of vacuum forming

A

mould has to have higher melting point
harder stronger material
smooth shape
has to have straight lie or inward sloop
mast common mould is MDF
easy to work with
very smooth surface
very cheap

87
Q

steps for blow mould

A

1 parison inserted into mould its then heated
2 base of parison squeezed by mould
3 air blown into parison, parison expands to fill mould
4 finished product

88
Q

what is press moulding

A

press or compression moulding. a mould is made in two halves sheets plastic is placed between the two halves which are then heated and pressure applied, enabling the plastic to assume the new shape.

89
Q

what is laminating

A

wood is usually bent by laminating. this is done by cutting thin strips of wood. putting glue on the strips and clamping them into a mould. steam makes it easier to bend.

TD (9 decks)

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