TOCO Flashcards
Strong sustainability (definition)
Strong sustainability (SS) aims for the maintenance of economic, environmental, and social capital through the efficient use of resources and by replacing non-renewable natural resources with renewable ones.
Sustainable Development Goals (definition)
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), otherwise known as the Global Goals, are a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet.
Sustainable Development Goals (name them)
- No Poverty
- Zero hunger
- Good health and well-being
- Quality education
- Gender equality
- Clean water and sanitation
- Affordable and clean energy
- Decent work and economic growth
- Industry, innovation, and infrastructure
- Reduced inequalities
- Sustainable Cities and Communities
- Responsible consumption and production
- Climate action
- Life below water
- Life on land
- Peace, justice, and strong institutions
- Partnership for the goals
Paris Agreement (2015)
Agreement made between the United Nations countries to cut down on the emissions of greenhouse gases in an attempt to slow down global warming. More wealthy and producing countries have to cut down more
Visitor management
Visitor management is any process that helps an organization keep track of the people that visit their location. Policies can vary by organization, facility type, industry, or geographic location. It improves safety.
Carrying capacity
The maximum number of people that may visit a tourist destination at the same time, without causing destruction of the physical, economic, and sociocultural environment and an unacceptable decrease in the quality of visitors’ satisfaction
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
CSR can be defined as a guiding business policy whereby tourism companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their own business mission, strategies, and operations as well as in their interaction with their stakeholders.
Certification
The process of verifying and recognizing tourism-related services, products and facilities for their compliance with certain standards and criterias.
Overtourism
Overtourism describes destinations where hosts or guests, locals or visitors feel that there are too many visitors and that the quality of life in the area, or the quality of the experience has deteriorated unacceptably.
Regenerative tourism
Regenerative tourism involves providing activities for visitors that will allow destinations to heal while counterbalancing the social, economic and environmental impacts of tourism.
Sustainability in general, concept list
Strong sustainability
The Sustainable Development Goals
Paris agreement 2015
Visitor management
Carrying capacity
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
Certification
Overtourism
Regenerative tourism
Environment concepts
Climate change
Ecological footprint
Carbon footprint
Eco-efficiency
Loss of spirit
Environmental impact assessment (EIA)
Co2 reduction and compensation
Tragedy of the commons
Climate change
Climate change is a long-term change in the average weather patterns that have come to define Earth’s local, regional and global climates. These changes have a broad range of observed effects that are synonymous with the term. Tourism depends on environmental resources while climate defines the length and quality of tourism seasons. At the same time, tourism contributes to the emission of greenhouse gasses (GHG), the cause of global warming.
Ecological footprint
The impact of human activities is measured in terms of the area of biologically productive land and water required to produce the goods consumed and to assimilate the wastes generated.
Carbon footprint
A measure of the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere as a result of the activities of a particular individual, organization, or community.
Eco-efficiency
Eco-efficiency is a management strategy of doing more with less. It is based on the concept of creating more goods and services while using fewer resources and creating less waste and pollution.
Loss of spirit
This concept covers the negative effects of tourism on local communities and their cultural heritage as well as the environment. Overtourism and unsustainable tourism can lead to a degradation of natural and cultural resources, as well as increased social and economic inequality. Which can contribute to a sense of disconnection and loss of authenticity.
Environmental impact assessment (EIA)
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a tool used to assess the significant effects of a project or development proposal on the environment. EIAs make sure that project decision-makers think about the likely effects on the environment at the earliest possible time and aim to avoid, reduce or offset those effects.
Co2 reduction and compensation
Emission reduction refers to lowering the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions generated by an individual, organization or country.
Compensating your CO2 emission basically means we are doing something good for the environment, because we want to make up for the negative impact we made.
Tragedy of the commons
The tragedy of the commons refers to a situation in which individuals with access to a public resource (also called a common) act in their own interest and, in doing so, ultimately deplete the resource.
Tragedy of the commons examples?
Overfishing, deforestation and water scarcity
Economical concept list
Leakage
Inflation
Opportunity costs
Economic dependence
Multiplier effect
Input-output model
Capture-rate
Direct employment
Indirect employment
Induced employment
Direct, indirect and induced expenses
Short/medium/long economic cycli
Balance of payments
Seasonality
TSA tourism satellite account (form CGA)
Sharing economy
Leakage
Tourism leakage is the idea that, of all the money you spend on a holiday, surprisingly little ends up in the pockets of the community you visit.
Inflation
Inflation is caused by increases in aggregate demand due to the additional financial resources international tourists bring to a country. If the supply of goods and services in the destination country cannot adapt to the increased effective demand, the general price level will rise.
Opportunity costs
When governments invest scarce resources in encouraging the development of tourism they sacrifice the opportunity to invest that money in other, perhaps more productive, ways.
Economic dependence
If a country, or region within a country, becomes dependent for its economic survival on one industry and that industry fails then the social consequences can be devastating.
Multiplier effect
How many times money spent by a tourist circulates through a country’s economy.
Input-output model
The Input-Output model is used to determine the role and importance of different economic value added, incomes and employment and it analyzes the existing connection in an economy.
What does input refer to? (input-output model)
Input refers to the resources and services (such as hotels, transportation, food and entertainment).
What does output refer to? (input-output model)
Output refers to economic benefits (such as an increase in employment opportunities, tax revenue, business, growth, etc.).
Capture-rate
The percentage of spending that flows to the region’s economy as direct sales or final demand. All tourist spending on services within the region is captured; however, tourist purchases of goods are generally not all treated as a final demand to the region.
Direct employment
Direct employment is generated directly from the consumption or spending of visitors and the government. (This involves, for example, the travel agent, the taxi driver, the receptionist and the manager of a hotel, who (almost) directly deal with the visitor.)
