Tobacco Flashcards
What is a carcinogen
Cancer causing chemical in tobacco. 43 carcinogens in a cigarette
The chemical makeup of a cigarette
Nicotine
short term effects of tobacco use
breathing difficulties, loss of appetite, bad smell, headaches, trembling
long term effects of tobacco use
lung cancer, emphysema, bronchitis, heart disease, stroke
what is nicotine
the addictive drug found in tobacco in cigarettes
mainstream smoke
smoke exhaled from the lungs of a smoker
side stream smoke
smoke from the burning end of a cigarette
smokeless tobacco risks
held in the mouth for long durations so delivers nicotine and carcinogens 2-3 times more powerful than a single cigarette. can cause leukoplakia which is leathery spots on the tongue that can develop into cancer
why people start, tips for starting
people may start if they are around people who smoke, have a lot of stress in their life and are looking for relief, or their perception of tobacco. Tips for stopping include getting support and joining different programs
pregnancy and smoking risks
smoking while pregnant can cause a miscarriage, premature delivery, deformities, still birth and sids. (sudden infant death syndrome)
nicotine withdrawal
symptoms include irritability, difficulty concentrating, difficulty sleeping, anxiety, cravings
nicotine substitue
delivers small amounts of nicotine substitutes include patches, gum, nasal spray, commit lozenges
what type of alcohol is used in alcohol beverages
ethanol- produced through fermentation of fruits, vej, and grains
what is a standard drink
12 oz of beer, 10 oz wine cooler, 3-4 oz wine, 1-1.5 oz hard liqour
what type of drug is alcohol
depressant- slows the central nervous system
how to calculate proof and % alcohol
proof equals twice alcohol percent
factors that determine alcohols effect on body
the more alcohol you consume the more long term and short term effects, as well as the alcohol %. effects also depends on if you mix alcohol with other drugs
short term effects of alcohol use
relaxed, social, impaired judgment, violence, mood swings
long term effects of alcohol use
depression, brain damage, unwanted sexual activity, dependency
what is a multiplier effect
when medication has a greater or different effect than if it were taken alone without alcohol
factors that influence alcohol use
peer pressure, family , media
what is alcohol poisoning
when alcohol shuts down involuntary actions such as breathing and the gag reflex that prevents choking.
symptoms of alcohol poisoning
vomiting, confusion, coma, slow respiration, irregular heartbeat, hypothermia, dehydration
what to do if someone is showing symptoms of alcohol poising
put them in recovery position and call 911
stages of alcoholism
abuse, dependence, addiction
dui and consequences of dui
dui is the leading cause of death among teens. state limit is .08 %. consequences include harm to self and other restricted driving privileges, arrest, etc..
sobriety
living without alcohol
fetal alcohol syndrome
deformities on head, heart, liver, kidney defects hearing and vision problems may result if pregnant females drink while pregnant,