ToB - Glands

Question 0

Where are goblet cells, what type of gland are they and what is their function and features?

Answer 0

Jejeunum and duodenum
They produce and secrete mucus
Unicellular
Exocrine

Question 1

How can secretion be controlled?

Answer 1

Endocrine (hormone)
Nervous (impulse)
Neuroendocrine (ACTH secretion by NS of hypothalamus)
Negative feedback

Question 2

Where is the parotid gland, what type of gland is it and what is its secretion type and features?

Answer 2

Exocrine
In the oral cavity
30% saliva output
Serous secretion
Develops adipose tissue with age

Question 3

Where is the submandibular gland, what type of gland is it and what is its secretion type and features?

Answer 3

Exocrine
Secrete under tongue, lie in mandible of neck
Tubuloacinar
Mixed gland
Develops adipose tissue with age

Question 4

Where is the sublingual gland, what type of gland is it and what is its secretion type and features?

Answer 4

Exocrine
Under the tongue
Mixed gland but MAINLY MUCOUS
Acini

Question 5

Where is the pancreatic gland, what type of gland is it and what is its secretion type and features?

Answer 5

Endocrine and exocrine.
Found behind the stomach, lying in the curve of the duodenum

Exocrine
= acini with basal nuclei
= trypsin, elastase, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase

Endocrine
= islets of Langerhan

Question 6

Where is the thyroid gland, what type of gland is it and what is its secretion type and features?

Answer 6

Endocrine
Anterior to the lower larynx and the trachea, wrapped around the cricoid cartilage.
Secretes T3/4 which act to increase metabolic rate
Glands are formed from simple cuboidal epithelia

Question 7

Where is the adrenal gland, what type of gland is it and what is its secretion type and features?

Answer 7

Endocrine
Sits on top of each kidney
Secretes steroid hormones and adrenaline/noradrenaline

Question 8

Where is the parathyroid gland, what type of gland is it and what is its secretion type and features?

Answer 8

Endocrine
On the posterior of the thyroid gland, usually 4 of them
Contain chief cells and oxyphil cells
Chief cells produce and secrete PTH = promotes uptake of Ca2+ in gut, retention in kidney and release from bone.

Question 9

What is the definition of a gland?

Answer 9

A group of epithelial cells specialised for secretion.

Question 10

In what ways can glands be classified?

Answer 10

1) . Nature of secretion.
- serous
- mucous
- mixed

2) . Destination of secretion
- endocrine
- exocrine

3) . Structure of secretory part
- unicellular/multicellular
- acinar/tubular
- coiled/branched

4) . Method of secretion
- merocrine
- apocrine
- holocrine