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Ga2 > TMJ > Flashcards

TMJ Flashcards

1
Q

connects the mandible to the skull and regulates mandibular movement.

A

Tmj

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2
Q

bicondylar joint in which the condyles, located at the two ends of the mandible, function at the same time.

A

Tmj

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3
Q

most important functions of the temporomandibular joint

A

Mastication and speech

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4
Q

a ginglymoarthrodial joint, a term that is derived from ginglymus, meaning a hinge joint

A

Tmj

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5
Q

Peculiarity of tmj

A

-Bilateral diarthrosis
-Articular surface covered by fibrocartilage instead of
hyaline cartilage
-Only joint in human body to have a rigid endpoint of closure that of the teeth
-TMJ is last joint to start develop,
in about 7th week in utero
-Develops from two distinct blastema

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6
Q

immovable joint

A

Fibrous joint

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7
Q

Limited movement

A

Cartilaginous joint

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8
Q

Free movement

A

Synovial joint

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9
Q

Hinging movement

A

Ginglymoid joint

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10
Q

Gliding movements

A

Arthrodal joint

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11
Q

Components of tmj

A 
Mandibular Condyle
Articular surf of Temp bone
Capsule
Articular disc
Ligaments
Muscular component
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12
Q

Compound joint

A

Tmj

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13
Q

serve as non ossified bone that permits complex movements of the joint.

A

Articular disc

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14
Q

interposed between the condyle of the mandible and the glenoid fossa of the temporal bone.

A

Articular disc

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15
Q

articular tubercle or eminence

A

Anterior convex part

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16
Q

mandibular fossa

A

Posterior concave part

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17
Q

develops from mesenchyme lying between the developing mandibular condyle below and the bone above, which develop intramembranously.

A

TMj

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18
Q

During the 12th week of IU life ,2 clefts appear in the mesenchyme – producing the

A

Upper and lower joint cavities

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19
Q

The remaining intervening mesenchyme becomes the

A

Intra articular disc

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20
Q

develops from a condensation of mesenchyme surrounding the developing joint

A

Joint capsule

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21
Q

is flat at birth and there is no articular eminence , this becomes prominent only following the eruption of the decidous dentition.

A

Mandibular fossa

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22
Q

As temporal squama and tympanic plate converge medially on the spine of the sphenoid bone – intersposed is the bony edge of the roof of the tympanic cavity

A

Tegmen tympani

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23
Q

fissure between the temporal squama and tympannic bone

A

Squamotympannic fissure

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24
Q

Parts pf squamotympannic fissure

A

anterior part - petrosquamous fissure

posterior part petrotympannic fissure/glaserian fissure.

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25
Q

allows passage of chorda tympani nerve.

A

Petrotympannic fissure

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26
Q

Barrel shape – measuring – 20mm – mediolateral
10mm – anteroposterior
• Perpendicular to ascending ramus of the mandible
• Oriented 10 – 30 degrees with frontal plane.

A

Condyle

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27
Q

Biconcave oval structure –intersposed between the condyle and the temporal bone.

A

Articular disc

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28
Q

Consists of dense collagenous tissue that is avascular , hyaline and devoid of nerve tissues in the central area but has vessels and nerves in the peripheral area.

A

Articular disc

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29
Q

3 regions in the saggital plane (articular disc)

A
  • Intermediate zone
  • Posterior
  • Anterior
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30
Q

situated in the intermediate zone

A

Articular surface

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31
Q

posterior attachment

highly vascularized

A

Retrodiscal tissue

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32
Q

elastic fibres

A

Superior retrodiscal lamina

33
Q

collagenous fibres.

A

Inferior retrodiscal lamina

34
Q

articular surface of temporal bone

A

Superior attachment

35
Q

articular surface of condyle

A

Inferior attachment

36
Q

Between the capsular ligament attachment

A

Superior lateral pterygoid muscle

37
Q

attachment medially and laterally

A

Capsular ligament

38
Q

2 cavities of capsular ligament

A
  • superior cavity

- inferior cavity

39
Q

mandibular fossa and superior surface of disc.

A

Superior cavity

40
Q

mandibular

condyle and inferior surface of disc

A

Inferior cavity

41
Q

3 purposes of synovial

A
  1. Medium for providing metabolic requirements to the non vascular articular surface of the joint.
  2. Lubricant between articular surfaces during function.
  3. Clear the tissue debris caused by normal wear and tear of articulating surfaces.
42
Q

2 mechanisms by which synovial fluid lubricates are

A

Boundary lubrication

Weeping lubrication

43
Q

Occurs when joint is moved and synovial fluid is forced from one area of cavity into another.

A

Boundary lubrication

44
Q

Refers to the ability of articular surfaces to absorb a

small amount of synovial fluid

A

Weeping lubrication

45
Q

Most superficial layer
• Found adjacent to the joint cavity and forms the outermost functional surface.
• Made up of dense fibrous connective tissue .
• The collagen fibres are arranged in bundles and oriented nearly parallel to the articular surface.

A

Articular zone

46
Q

Undifferentiated mesenchymal tissue –
• This is responsible for the proliferation of articular cartilage in response to the functional demands placed on articular surfaces during loading.

A

Proliferative zone

47
Q

Collagen fibrils are arranged in bundles in a crossing
pattern.
• The fibrocartilage appears in a random orientation ,providing three dimensional network that offers resistance against compressive and lateral forces.

A

Fibrocartilaganous zone

48
Q

Made up of chondrocytes and chondroblasts
distributed throughout the articular cartilage.
• In this zone , the chondrocytes become hypertrophic, die and have their cytoplasm evacuated , forming bone cells from within the medullary cavity.

A

Calcified zone

49
Q

complex molecule composed of a protein core and glycosaminoglycan chains.

A

Proteoglycans

50
Q

connected to a hyaluronic acid chain , forming proteoglycan aggregates that make up a great protein of the matrix.

A

Proteoglycans

51
Q

nourished predominantly by diffusion of synovial fluid, which depends on this pumping action during normal activity.

A

Joint cartilage

52
Q

the basis for the weeping lubrication, and this action is thought to be very important in maintaining healthy articular cartilage.

A

Pumping action

53
Q

Innervation of tmj

A

auriculotemporal nerve

deep temporal and massetric nerve.

54
Q

Predominant vessels

A
  • Superficial temporal artery -
  • Middle meningeal artery -
  • Internal maxillary artery –
  • the deep auricular ,anterior tympanic and ascending pharyngeal arteries.
  • The condyle –
55
Q

from the posterior

A

Superficial temporal artery

56
Q

from the anterior

A

Middle meningeal artery

57
Q

from the inferior

A

Internal maxillary artery

58
Q

through marrow spaces by way of the inferior alveolar artery .

A

The condyle

59
Q

made up of collagenous connective tissue, which do not stretch

A

Ligaments of the joints

60
Q

accessory ligaments

A

Sphenomandibular ligament

Stylomandibular ligament

61
Q

Functional ligaments supporting the tmj

A

Collateral ligaments
Capsular ligament
Tm ligament

62
Q

The lateral aspect of the capsular ligament is reinforced by strong , tight fibres

A

TM ligament

63
Q

Parts of tm ligament

A

Outer oblique portion Inner horizontal portion

64
Q

limits posterior movement of condyle and disc.

A

Inner horizontal portion of tmj

65
Q

Deeper in red color due to higher concentration of
myoglobin,
• Capable of slow but sustained contraction
• Well developed aerobic metabolism therefore resistant to fatigue.

A

Slow muscle fibers

66
Q

Whiter due to lower concentrations of myoglobin
• Have fewer mitochondria and rely more on anaerobic activity for function.
• Capable of quick contraction but fatigue more quickly

A

Fat muscle fibers

67
Q

Muscles of mastication

A

Masseter
Temporal
Medial pterygoid
Lateral pterygoid

68
Q

Portions of masseter

A

superficial portion (fibers run downward and slightly backward)

• Deep portion (fibers run predominantly in vertical direction)

69
Q

Areas of temporal muscle

A

anterior, middle and posterior portion

70
Q

vertically directed fibers

A

Anterior portion

71
Q

obliquely across lateral aspect of the skull

A

Middle portion

72
Q

horizontally alligned fibers

A

Posterior portion

73
Q

mandible raised vertically

A

Contraction of anterior portion

74
Q

elevates and retrudes

A

Contraction of middle portion

75
Q

elevation and

slight retrusion

A

Contraction of posterior portion

76
Q

mandible elevated and teeth brought into contact
- also active in protruding the mandible. - unilateral contraction brings about a
mediotrusive movement of the mandible

A

Medial pterygoid

77
Q

when the inferior right and left lateral pterygoid muscle contracts simultaneously –condyles are pulled down their articular eminences and mandible is protruded.

A

Inferior lateral pterygoid

78
Q

especially active during power stroke

A

Superior lateral pterygoid

Ga2 (4 decks)

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