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Ga2 > Pharynx, Larynx > Flashcards

Pharynx, Larynx Flashcards

1
Q

Division pf Pharynx

A
  • base of skull (basiocciput, basisphenoid) —soft palaye
  • plane of hard palate— hyoid bone
  • hyoid bone— lower border of cricoid cartilage
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2
Q

Structural pharyngeal wall from outside

A

Mucous membrane
Pharyngeal aponeurosis
Muscular coat
Buccopharyngeal fascia

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3
Q

Fibrous layer lining muscular coat

A

Pharyngeal aponeurosis

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4
Q

Constrictors

A

Muscular coat

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5
Q

Covers pharynx externally

A

Buccopharyngeal fascia

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6
Q

Pharyngeal longitudinal muscles. Inserted at conjoint at the post border of thyroid cartilage at lat aspect of epiglottis

A

Stulopharyngeus
Palatopharyngeus
Salpingopharyngeus

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7
Q

Gap between mid and sup constrictors

A

Stylopharyngeus

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8
Q

Moves along inner aspect of constrictor

A

Palatopharyngeus

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9
Q

Lies in wall of nasopharymx and oropharynx. Lower part covered by middle constrictor

A

Superior constrictor

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10
Q

Inferiorly overlapped by inferior constrictor. Hypopharynx

A

Middle constrictor

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11
Q

Thickest constrictor

A

Inferior constrictor

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12
Q

Obliquely displayed

A

Thyropharyngeus

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13
Q

Transversely displayed

A

Cricopharyngeus

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14
Q

Prevents the entry of air into the oesophagus in the interval between swallowing. Sphincter relax during swallow.

A

Cricopharyngeus

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15
Q

Insertion of all the fibers

A

Median fibrous raphe

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16
Q

Potential gap between weak area of pharyngeal wall. Gateeay of tears

A

Killian’s Dehiscence

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17
Q

2 pharyngeal spaces

A

Retropharyngeal space

Parapharyngeal space

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18
Q

Nerve supply of pharynx

A

Pharyngeal plexus

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19
Q

Glossoharyngeal and vagus nerve with superior cervical sympathetic ganglion

A

Pharyngeal plexus

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20
Q

Roof of nasophrynx

A

Basisphenoid and basiocciput

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21
Q

Posterior wall of nasopharynx

A

Arch of atlas vertebra

Prevertebral ms

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22
Q

Elevation in the nasopharynx

A

Torus tubarius

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23
Q

Suberhilial collection of lynphoid tissue. Causes the overlying mucous membraneto be thrown into radiating folds

A

Adenoids

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24
Q

Epithelial lined median recess within adenoid mass. Represents the attachment of notochord ro pharyngeal endodern during embryonic development

A

Nasopharyngeal bursa

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25
Q

Abcess in the bursa

A

Thornwaldt’s disease

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26
Q

A dimple above adenoids. Carcinopharyngoima may arise

A

Rathke’s pouch

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27
Q

Collection of subethelial lymphoid tissue. Infection causes eustachian tube occlusion

A

Tubal tonsil

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28
Q

Space between base of skull and upper free border of superior constrictor

A

Sinus of morgagni

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29
Q

It pierces sinus of morgagni

A

Eustachian tube
Levator veli palatini
Tensor veli palatini
Ascending palatine artery

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30
Q

Pharyngeal recess. Commonest site for nasopharyngeal carcinoma

A

Fossa of rosenmuller

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31
Q

Forms a ring around post and lat walls of nasopharyngeal isthmus

A

Passavant’s ridge

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32
Q

Spinal accessory chainnof nodes in the posterior triangke of the neck

A

Lymphatic drainage

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33
Q

Acts as conduit of air. Acts as drainage channel for mucous

A

Lymphatic drainage

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34
Q

Lies opposite to the oral cavity. Communicates with the oral cavity through oropharyngeal isthmus

A

Oropharynx

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35
Q

Boundaries of oropharyngeal isthmus

A

Soft palate above
Upper surf of tounge below
Palatoglossal arch on each side

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36
Q

Cup shaped depression

A

Valleculae

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37
Q

A triangular depression between anterior and posterior pillars

A

Tonsillar fossa

38
Q

Lowest part of pharynx

A

Laryngopharynx

39
Q

Forms lateral channel for food

A

Pyrifor sinus/fossa

40
Q

Foreign bodies mat get lodged here

A

Smuggler’s fossa

41
Q

Commonest site for carcinoma in females who are suffering from Plummer Wilson syndrome

A

Post cricoid region

42
Q

From hyoid bone to the level of cricoarytenoid joint

A

Post pharyngeal wall

43
Q

Common pathway for air and food. Helps in deglutition

A

Post pharyngeal wall

44
Q

A ring composed of MALT at beginning pf food and air passage. Produce B and T lymph. Local defense

A

Waldeyer’s Ring

45
Q

1st step in swallowing

A

Tongue force compacted volus into oropharynx

46
Q

2nd step in swallowing

A

Laryngeal movement folds epiglottis; laryngeal muscle push bolus into esophagus

47
Q

3rd step in swallowing

A

Bolus moves along esophagus; larynx returns to normal position

48
Q

Begins at level C4 or C5 and ends at C7

A

Larynx

49
Q

A cylinder whose cartilaginous walls are stabilized by ligaments of skeletal muscles or both

A

Larynx

50
Q

Unpaired cartilage of larynx

A

Thyroid cartilage
Cricoid cartilage
Epiglottis

First two are hyaline cartilage
Last is elastic cartilage

51
Q

Shield shaped. Inf thorns make synovial hinges joints with cricod cartilage

A

Thyroid cartilage

52
Q

Adam’s apple

A

Laryngeal prominence

53
Q

Largest laryngeal cartilage. Incomplete posteriorly

A

Thyroid cartilage

54
Q

Complee ring of cartilage has narrow arch anteriorly and brod lamina posteriorly

A

Cricoid cartilage

55
Q

Protect the glortis and the entrance to the trachea

A

Thuroid and cricoid cartilage

56
Q

Leaf shaped cartilage.

A

Epiglottis

57
Q

Three smaller cartilage in larynx

A

Arytenoid
Corniculate
Cuneiform

58
Q

Two pyramidal shaped cartilage above the lamina

A

Arytenoid

59
Q

Nodules above arytenoid in aryepiglottic folds

A

Corniculate

60
Q

Rod shaped above corniculate

A

Cuneiform

61
Q

Plays a role in opening and closing the glottis and production of sound

A

Corniculate and arytenoid

62
Q

Links larynx to hyoid

A

Thyrohyoid membrane

63
Q

Links thyroid to cricod

A

Cricothyroid membrane

64
Q

Links cricoid to first tracheal cartilage

A

Cricotracheak cartilage

65
Q

Links arytenoid to epiglottis

A

Quadrangular membrane

66
Q

Overlie quadrangualr membrane

A

Aryepiglottic fold

67
Q

Links epiglottis to thyroid cartilage

A

Thyroepiglottic ligament

68
Q

Helps prevent foreign object from entering the glottis

A

Vestibular folds

69
Q

Vibeating tips that arise ffron entire upper edge of arch of cricoid

A

Conus elasticus

70
Q

Opening between vocal ligaments

A

Rima glottidis

71
Q

Upper free edges deep to vical folds

A

Vocal ligaments

72
Q

Functions of conus elasticus

A

Sound production

Close rima glottidis

73
Q

Functions of intrinsic laryngeal ms

A

Regulate tension in the vical cords

Opens and close glottidis

74
Q

Tenses vocal ligament increasing pitch

A

Cricothroid ms

75
Q

Relaxes vocal ligaments decreases pitch

A

Thyroarytenoid ms

76
Q

Adduct vocal cords

A

Arytenoid
lateral cricoarytenoid
posterior cricoarytenoid

77
Q

Pulls epiglottis down during swallowing. Not necessary in adult humans

A

Aryepiglottic ma

78
Q

Positions and stabilizes the larynx

A

Extrinsic laryngeal ms

79
Q

Inlet above false vocal cord

A

Vestibule

80
Q

Overlie vestibular lig

A

false Vestibular Fold

81
Q

Area bet false and true vocal folds

A

Ventricle

82
Q

Overlie vical lig

A

True vocal fold

83
Q

Lateral laryngeal inlet

A

Pyriform recess

84
Q

Depression bet med and lat glossoepiglottic fold

A

Valleculae

85
Q

Division of superior laryngeal nerve

A

Internal and external laryngel N

86
Q

Sensory to larynx

A

Internal laryngeal n

Recurrent laryngeal n

87
Q

Motor to cricothyroid

A

External laryngeal N

88
Q

Larynx above true vc

A

Sup deep cerv nodes

89
Q

Larynx below vc

A

Inf deep cerv nodes

90
Q

Little bleeding

A

Crico thyrotomy

91
Q

Nerve supply of larynx

A

Superior and recurrent laryngeal branches

Ga2 (4 decks)

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