TME (3RD EXAM) Flashcards
In the broadest meaning is the moment before sunrise and after sunset that the
sun partly illuminates the world, leaving it neither fully dark nor completely light.
Twilight
has a field of vision that is considerably larger than the human eyes. In other words, it has a larger field of view than a standard lens and has a focal range of anywhere between f/2.8 and f/5.6.
Wide Angle Lens
is the area of the picture that is nearest to the camera.
Foreground
In an illustration, the _____ space can be used to attract focus to a subject deeper into the picture, such as with leading lines, or it can be used to frame the subject. I
Foreground
It is important to note not to
overlook ________ space while photographing landscapes to add appeal.
Foreground
It is seen as being yellow, orange, and red - tones that are associated with warmth.
Warm
It is seen as being predominantly blue.
Cool
is most often done in the daytime, at a distance, of natural features of land, sky, and water—though some landscapes can have subjects in a dramatic setting nearby, including close-up, even at night.
Landscape photography
is about using backgrounds, lighting, and framing to capture a person’s essence, appearance, identification, and mood.
Portrait photography
National Geographic photographer ________ likes to make the distinction between being a traveler and a sightseer.
Jim Richardson
A _______ seeks engagement with the local people and culture, while a sightseer just checks off sights in the guidebook.
Traveler
A _________ stands apart from the culture, snapping pictures at a distance.
sightseeing photographer
A ___________ becomes involved with his or her surroundings and the people; the resulting pictures become more intimate
travel photographer
The _______ becomes a way to engage with the people, places, and animals he or she is visiting.
camera
The _______ allows the photographer to bring back stories of that engagement in the form of beautiful, engaging photographs.
camera
Photographing people is important,
but for many photographers, more interest lies in _____,______, or _______.
No story of travel is complete without
covering these, as well as many other types of subjects.
architecture, landscapes, or wildlife.
Many photographers concentrate on the technique and equipment parts of photography. And those areas do make a difference. But the truly important part of travel photography does not have to do with gear and technique. Rather, it is learning how to put yourself in _______at ______ to photograph the magic moments that capture what a place looks and feels like.
the right place at the right time
Techniques such as ______ and _______ came into play in photographing the musician, but it was curiosity and proactivity that generated the opportunity in the first place
light usage and composition
One important variable is that different
_____________ can bring out the most in
your landscape and architecture work.
weather conditions
You can use conditions like
_____,_____, and____ to help
create a mood in your landscapes
and cityscapes.
fog, driving snow, and rain
An important part of telling a story about a place is capturing many different subjects in
the area. The following is a list the source material author, Bob Krist, uses while on assignment. It allows him to cover different facets of a location and fill in gaps in his story as he travels
The List
An important mental shift in travel
photography is to stop thinking of yourself as only a photographer and start thinking of yourself as a __________
visual storyteller.
is a huge category. In city coverages, it would include skylines and street scenes.
Geography
Out in the countryside, it includes landscapes, which can also occur in city areas. This category can also include aerial views, whenever possible.
Geography
are another critical category. This
includes shots of local people living their
lives as well as visitors and tourists
enjoying and interacting with the location.
People
is important but often
overlooked. Ask yourself: How does the
culture of the area you are visiting reveal
itself visually? You cannot, for instance,
photograph literature. But you could
photograph a famous local author at a
crowded book signing or event.
Culture
are great times for a travel photographer to get some photos that emphasize a place’s
uniqueness and serendipity.
Festivals and special events
is a tough category: How do you make day-to-day life on a city’s streets interesting? It can be done, but it takes a little work and a high degree of curiosity
Everyday life
are very important aspects of life in many parts of the world, and certainly some of these activities can be photogenic.
Sports and recreation
In certain areas, ________ plays a big part of visitors’ and locals’ experience of the place. If you have identified your location as one of those places, you’d better get good animal coverage. Do not forget that urban areas have animals, too—take zoos, for example.
Wildlife
is becoming more and more of an important part of travel photography.
Food
Options for shooting food include finished plates of food as well as the preparation of it. Drinks are an option as well.
Food
is a favorite activity for many travelers. Whether it is an ancient souk in Marrakech or
an ultra-modern mall in Japan, there are some interesting shots to be made of this favorite travel activity.
Shopping
Many travel magazines and websites devote a lot of effort to showing people what their
hotels look like
Lodging
plays an important part in the personality of many places, especially in cities and resort
areas.
Nightlife
Sometimes a location’s natural resources might be worthy of a few shots. For instance, the fishing industry is very important in Iceland. The activity of unloading the boats is interesting and the fishermen themselves can make for some nice portraits.
Natural resources
Photographers can try to capture some sense of the ______ of an area. This can be done through taking photos of historic architecture or monuments, living history reenactments, or commemorative ceremonies that celebrate historic events
History
This is a catchall category for those cultural peccadillos that are hard to explain but can make for some interesting photographs. Take, for example, New York City’s Naked Cowboy.
Oddities, funkiness, and serendipity
TIPS ON SMARTPHONES
*Pick the right subject matter
*Keep your subjects simple
*Avoid using flash and look for good light in general.
*Find one or two good camera apps and learn to use them.
*use a different camera rather than grafting a bunch of extra features on your smartphone
Most smartphones are equipped with a moderate wide-angle lens. Shooting good photos with wide-angle lenses depends on utilizing the foreground. Therefore, without cropping or zooming into the sensor, in most cases you are not going to great pictures of distant subjects. That means shooting sports or wildlife is probably not a great idea with your smartphone.
Pick the right subject matter
With most phones, you do not have the optics or the aperture to blur out busy backgrounds, so you are better off if you keep your compositions simple and get close enough to fill the frame.
Keep your subjects simple
At present, most smartphones are still
not great in low light, nor are their flash features ideal. If you stick with subjects that are well lit by available light sources, you will be happier.
Avoid using flash and look for good light in general
Learn their ins and outs before
you add more apps and more filters.
Find one or two good camera apps and learn to use them
Good photographs usually have a long list of superlative qualities, but three elements that
they all have in common are great ______,_______, and _______
great light, strong composition, and a sense of moment.
All strong photographs have some kind of beautiful, interesting, or flattering light quality.
Regarding composition: If you cannot organize the elements of a photograph in a graphically
pleasing way, your message will get lost in the visual clutter. Creating strong storytelling
compositions is therefore extremely important.
The Three Rubrics
EXPLORING THE USE OF LIGHT
The direction of the light
The quality of the light
The color of the light
or where it is coming from.
The direction of the light
or whether it is hard and spectacular versus soft and diffused.
The quality of the light
or whether it is warm (tending toward oranges and reds) or cool (tending
toward blues).
The color of the light
When the sun is hanging low in the sky and is coming in from one side or the other, it is
producing sidelight. This is great for shooting landscapes, because the interplay of light and
shadow help to capture depth and texture. Note: While light and shadow are desirable, shooting in the middle of the day is difficult because the light coming from directly overhead creates shadows that obscure rather than sculpt the scene.
Sidelight and Backlight
is the half-hour or so before sunrise and after sunset when the sun is below the horizon, but the sky is not jet black.
Twilight
What follows are photographs of the
same location that the photographer
was able to capture under different
light conditions.
Quality of Light
When framing a scene, try positioning your subject and other elements
Positioning elements in the frame
EXPLORING COMPOSITION BASICS
Perhaps the best-known composition strategy is to divide the frame into horizontal and vertical thirds and position your subject at a spot where two lines intersect.
Rule of Thirds
This concept follows the same idea as the rule of thirds, but the framing lines are spaced a little differently, as shown in the figure below.
Golden Ratio:
One rule of composition is to divide the frame into ______ and position the main point of interest at the spot where two lines intersect.
thirds
are effective for images that contain
elaborate detail, such as this resort
interior in Singapore. As a composition strategy, symmetry also works very well for subjects of the utmost simplicity, such as portraits against a plain background.
Symmetrical compositions
A variation of the rule of thirds, the
Golden Ratio divides the frame using
slightly different spacing of the
_________ lines
intersecting lines
Yet another variation on the theme, this
arrangement divides the frame into triangles, as shown on the left in the figure down below.
The sweet spots for your subject are, again, at the points where those lines intersect.
Golden Triangle
To add life to your images, compose the scene
so that the viewer’s eye is led naturally from one edge of the frame to the other or even
entirely around the frame. You can create these leading lines with shapes, patterns of
color, or variations of light and shadow.
Creating movement through the frame
are those in which key elements spread out from the center. This imparts a lively feeling, even if the subject is static.
In this portrait, taken in New Zealand, actual and implied lines radiate away from the central subject, pointing to the portrait sitter at the same time as leading away to all the other elements.
Radial compositions
subject elements that overlap indicate
increasing depth, as do the relative sizes of objects of known dimensions.
Overlapping
the frame within a frame is a painterly device often exploited in photography. Not only
does it concentrate the viewer’s attention on the subject, but it also often hints at the wider context of the subject’s setting.
Framing
even the massive crowds in this street in Kolkata, India, are organized. The receding parallel of the road, the glint in power
lines, and the differences in scale of people
can all be used to make sense of what initially appears to be chaos.
Massed Pattern
The glow of ______ on land or people tends to evoke feelings of nostalgia.
backlight
This is great for shooting landscapes, because the interplay of light and shadow help to capture depth and texture.
sidelight
While light and shadow are desirable, shooting in the middle of the day is difficult because the light coming from directly overhead creates shadows that obscure rather than sculpt the scene.
TRUE POES
night sky turns fully black, it presents some contrast problems for cameras, and in most cases is not the ideal time to shoot.
truuu
How long twilight lasts depends on your latitude and time of year. In most moderate latitudes for most of the year, it usually lasts about 20–30 minutes. I
truee po
If you match the right type of subject matter to the appropriate type of______, you are on your way to creating stronger photographs
type of light
