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Question 1

no change in charge or co-ord number

Answer 1

H20 + NH3 subsitution
1:1 ratio (normally)

with copper complexes, and NH3 in excess, incomplete
original ligand = 2
new ligand = 4

Question 2

chnage in co-ord number only

Answer 2

H2O / NH3 swap wikth Cl- (much larger)
chnages from 6 to 4

Question 3

Manganese redox titration equation

Answer 3

MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e- = Mn2+ + 4H2O

Question 4

iron redox titration equation

Answer 4

Fe2+ = Fe3+ + e-

Question 5

C2O4 redox titration equation

Answer 5

C2O4 2- = 2CO2 + 2e-

Question 6

vanadium contact porcess

Answer 6

overall - 2SO2 + O2 = 2SO3

INtermediate:

1) V2O5 + SO2 = V2O4 + SO3
2) V2O4 + 1/2O2= V2O5

Question 7

iron catalys

Answer 7

overall- S2O8 2- + 2I- = I2 + 2SO4 2-

ontermediate
1) S2O82- + 2Fe2+ = 2Fe3+ + 2SO42-
2) 2Fe3+ + 2I- = 2Fe2+ + i2

Question 8

atuocatalsys reaction

Answer 8

overall - 2MnO4- + 16H+ + 5C2O42- = 2Mn2+ + 8H2O + 10CO2

intermediate
1) 4Mn2+ + MnO4- + 8H+ = 5Mn3+ + 4H2O
2) 2Mn3+ + C2O4 2- = 2CO2 + 2Mn2+

Question 9

general fomrula for NaOH

Answer 9

• number of OH- subsitited is same as charge on ion

Question 10

aluminuum salt ractions

Answer 10

[Al(H2O)3(OH)3]
amphoteric (act as acid or base)

H3O+
[Al(H2O)6]3+

OH-
[Al(H2O)2(OH)4]-

Question 11

geenral formula for addition of aqueous ammonia

Answer 11

subsititure same nmber as the charge
forms ammonim ions NH4+

Question 12

ammonia in excess

Answer 12

with copper 2 salt, subs in 4 ammonia instead of OH ligands