Organic reactions Flashcards by Isobel Sanders

carboxylic acid - primary alcohol

reagents - LiAlH4
conditions - Dry ether
mechanism - nucleophilic addition
type of reaction - reduction

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nitrile - primary amine

reagents - LiAlH4
conditions - dry ether
mechanism - nucleophilic addition
type of reaction - reduction

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ester - salt of carboxylic acid

reagents - NaOH solution
conditions - Heat and reflux
mechanism - N/A
type of reaction - Base hydrolysis

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carboxylic acid - ammonium salt

reagents - ammonia solution
conditions - room temp
mechanism - N/A
type of reaction - Neutralisation

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acid chloride - ester

reagents - alcohol added to acid chloride
conditions - room temp
mechanism - nucleophilic addition-elimination
type of reaction - esterification / elimination

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acid anhydride - ester

reagents - alcohol
conditions - room temp
mechanism - N/A
type of reaction - Elimination / condensation

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carboxylic acid - ester

reagents - alcohol
conditions - conc sulfuric acid
mechanism - nucleophilic addition-elimination
type of reaction - elimination

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nitrobenzene - phenylamine

reagents - Sn + HCl
conditions - heat + reflux, then add NaOH (aqueous)
mechanism - N/A
type of reaction - Reduction

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ketone - primary alcohol

reagents - NaBH4
conditions - aqueous solution
mechanism - nucleophilic addition
type of reaction - reduction

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ester - carboxylic acid

reagents - dilute HCL
conditions - heat + reflux
mechanism - N/A
type of reaction - Acid hydrolysis

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primary halogenoalkane - secondary amine

reagents - primary amine
conditions - ethanolic amine
mechanism - nucleophilic substitution
type of reaction - substitution

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tertiary halogenoalkane - tertiary alcohol

reagents - aqueous NaOH
conditions - heat under reflux
mechanism - nucleophilic substitution
type of reaction - substitution

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alkane - halogenoalkane

reagents - Cl2
conditions - UV light
mechanism - free radical substitution
type of reaction - substitution

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primary halogenoalkane - primary amine

reagents - Conc NH3
conditions - ethanolic ammonia
mechanism - nucleophilic substitution
type of reaction - substitution

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alkene - halogenoalkane

reagents - HX
conditions - N/A
mechanism - Electrophilic addition
type of reaction - addition

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primary alcohol - aldehyde

reagents - acidified potassium dichromate
conditions - heat + distill
type of reaction - oxidation

ketone / aldehyde - hydroxynitrile

reagents - KCN + dilute acid
conditions - Aqueous
mechanism - nucleophilic addition
type of reaction - addition

carboxylic acid - sodium salt

reagents - NaOH (aqueous)
conditions - room temp
mechanism - N/A
type of reaction - Neutralisation

aldehyde - primary alcohol

reagents - NaBH4
conditions - aqueous
mechanism - nucleophilic addition
type of reaction - reduction

secondary halogenoalkane - secondary alcohol

reagents - aqueous NaOH
conditions - heat under reflux
mechanism -nucleophilic substitution
type of reaction - substitution

benzene - phenylethanone

reagents - CH3COCl
conditions - AlCL3 catalyst
mechanism - electrophilic substitution
type of reaction - substitution

carboxylic acid - aldehyde

reagents - LiAlH4
conditions - dry ether
mechanism - nucleophilic addition
type of reaction - reduction

aldehyde - carboxylic acid

reagents - acidified potassium dichromate
conditions - heat and reflux
type of reaction - oxidation

benzene - nitrobenzene

reagents - conc HNO3 + conc H2SO4
conditions - low temp (prevent further nitration)
mechanism - electrophilic substitution
type of reaction - substitution

acid chloride - amide

reagents - ammonia conditions - acid chloride added to ammonia mechanism - nucleophilic addition-elimination type of reaction - substitution

primary halogenoalkane - nitrile

reagents - KCN conditions - N/A mechanism - nucleophilic substitution type of reaction - substitution

alkene - alcohol

reagents - H2O conditions - Concentrated H2SO4, 300°C, high pressure mechanism - electrophilic addition type of reaction - addition then hydrolysis

acid anhydride - carboxylic acid

reagents - H2O conditions - room temp mechanism - N/A type of reaction - hydrolysis

acid chloride - carboxylic acid

reagents - H2O conditions - room temp mechanism - nucleophilic addition-elimination type of reaction - hydrolysis

acid anhydride - amide

reagents - Conc NH3 conditions - Room temp mechanism - N/A type of reaction - N/A

alkene - dihalogenoalkene

reagents - Cl2 conditions - N/A mechanism - electrophilic addition type of reaction - addition

halogenoalkane - alkene

reagents - KOH conditions - ethanolic KOH, heat under reflux mechanism - elimination type of reaction - elimination

alcohol - alkene

reagents - concentrated H2SO4 / H3PO3 conditions - heat mechanism - elimination type of reaction - elimination

primary halogenoalkane - primary alcohol

reagents - aqueous NaOH conditions - heat and reflux mechanism - nucleophilic substitution type of reaction - substitution

secondary alcohol - ketone

reagents - acidified potassium dichromate conditions - heat and reflux type of reaction - oxidation